ENDOMETRIOSIS OF THE APPENDIX: TWO RARELY ENCOUNTERED CASES AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

ZELİHA ÇELİK

  • ZELİHA ÇELİK: KONYA NUMUNE HASTANESİ
  • Year : 2026
  • Vol : 42
  • Issue : 1
  •  Page : 90-93
Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity and musculature. Appendiceal endometriosis was first described
in 1860 by von Rokitansky. The pathogenesis of endometriosis is based on three main theories: Retrograde menstruation with implantation and failure of immunologic
clearance, coelomic metaplasia, and hematologic or lymphatic metastasis. A 26-year-old female patient presenting with abdominal pain no known medical history
and a 50-year-old female patient presenting with menstrual irregularity without any known medical problems are presented. Histopathological examination of their
appendectomy specimens revealed foci of endometriosis. Appendiceal endometriosis, while relatively uncommon in patients with endometriosis, is rare in the general
population. It not only may cause symptoms of acute and chronic appendicitis but is also known to cause cyclic and chronic right lower quadrant pain, melena, lower
intestinal hemorrhage, and cecal intussusception. Appendicitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Recognition of this benign entity is essential to
avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary aggressive management.
Cite this Article As : Celik Z. Endometriosis of the Appendix: Two Rarely Encountered Cases and Review of the Literature. Selcuk Med J 2026;42(1): 90-93

Download Citation: Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) RIS File

Download Citation: BibTeX BibTeX File

Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
This article is published under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license.
Selcuk Medical Journal
2026, Vol. 42 (1)
ISSN: 1017-6616
E-ISSN: 2149-8059
Received : , Accepted : , Published Online :

References

  1. 1- Gustofson RL, Kim N, Liu S et al. Endometriosis and the appendix: a case series and comprehensive review of the literature. Fertil Steril. 2006 Aug;86(2):298-303. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.076.
  2. 2-Togra A, Kalas MA, Garrison K et al. Endometriosis Presenting as a Malignant Appearing Cecal Mass. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2025 Jan-Dec; 13:23247096251363014. doi: 10.1177/23247096251363014. Epub 2025 Aug 28. PMID: 40876933; PMCID: PMC12394867.
  3. 3-Hale J, Scott B, Suydam C et al. Endometriosis of the Appendix: When Appendicitis Is Less Than Straightforward. Mil Med. 2023 Nov 3;188(11-12):e3730-e3733. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usad233.
  4. 4-Sooklal S, Ahmad A. Endometriosis of the Appendix. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Sep;19(9):e89. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.04.070.
  5. 5- Mabrouk M, Raimondo D, Mastronardi M et al. Endometriosis of the Appendix: When to Predict and How to Manage-A Multivariate Analysis of 1935 Endometriosis Cases. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2020 Jan;27(1):100-106. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.02.015.
  6. 6- Centini G, Ginetti A, Colombi I et al. Endometriosis of the appendix: prevalence, associated lesions, and proposal of pathogenetic hypotheses. A retrospective cohort study with prospectively collected data. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2024 Sep;310(3):1669-1675. doi: 10.1007/s00404-024-07650-8.
  7. 7- Ross WT, Newell JM, Zaino R et al. Appendiceal Endometriosis: Is Diagnosis Dependent on Pathology Evaluation? A Prospective Cohort Study. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2020 Nov-Dec;27(7):1531-1537. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.01.009.
  8. 8- Gupta AK, Mann A, Belizon A. Appendicitis Caused by Endometriosis Within the Bowel Wall. Cureus. 2020 Aug 8;12(8):e9614. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9614.
  9. 9- Uwaezuoke S, Udoye E, Etebu E. Endometriosis of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis: a case report and literature review. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2013 Mar;23(1):69-72.
Resim-1
Resim-1
Resim-2
Resim-2