Portal Ilypertension in Children

Portal veins are the veins that carry the venous blood of the splacnic area in the abdomen to the liver (KC) sinusoids. Stomach, intestine, gallbladder, spleen, and pancreatic veins join the portal venous system. The largest vein of this system is the vena portal. It occurs by the union of the veria porta v.lialis (splenic vein) and the v. Mesenterica superior at the level of the L2 vertebra and the race of the pancreatic head. The v.porta, which has no valve inside, branches into the KC and opens to the sinusoids and central vein. Central hepatic veins unite and make v. Hepatic. Any reason that disrupts or prevents the blood flow in this system increases the blood pressure in the portal venous system and leads to portal hypertension (PH). To overcome the resistance of the sinusoidal system, the pressure in the portal system is normally 5-10 mm Hg higher than the venous pressure in other systems. With this increase in height, PH occurs. It is PH when the blood pressure in the portal venous system is higher than = 20 mm Hg (1) and, according to some authors, 10-12 mm Hg (17-20 cm water pressure) (2).