The Approach of İnfection Treatment in İntensive Care Unit

Aim: Nosocomial pneumonia is the second most frequent nosocomial infection and represents the leading cause of death from infections that are acquired in the hospital. The aim of this review summarize to therapeutic approaches in infection of intensive care unit. Main findings: Pneumonia is the most common nosocomial infection in intensive care unit (ICU). Occurrence ranges from 0.4% in unselected hospitalized patients to 23% in the ICU. ICU patients with any nosocomial infection have 2.5 times the death rate of uninfected patients. Interventions to prevent pneumonia in the ICU should combine multiple measures targeting the invasive devices, microorganisms, and protection of the patient. Once pneumonia develops, the appropriateness of the initial antibiotic regimen is a vital determinant of outcome. Conclusion: Antibiotic therapy should be started immediately and must circumvent pathogen-resistance mechanisms developed after previous antibiotic exposure. Therefore, antibiotic choice should be institution specific and patient oriented.