Flow Cytometry

Since the 1930s, special staining wire cells have been examined using samples taken in the form of voiding or bladder washing or irrigation of the pelvis renalis, brush biopsy in urothelial cancers (urinary cytology). It is combined with different methods such as components and used for early diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring (1). However, conventional cytology has some disadvantages such as time-consuming and false-negative results in low-grade and staged tumors, lack of evidence-qualitative results, and subjective.