Neutrophil Erythrophagocytosis And Neutrophil Erythrocyte Rosetting In Paroxysmal Cold Haemoglobinuria

Paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria (PCH) is an uncommon form of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia the diagnosis of which is usually not considered at the initial presentation due to nonspecific symptoms. Neutrophilic erythrophagocytosis and neutrophil erythrocyte rosette formation in peripheral smear is an uncommon finding which has been reported rarely in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, especially PCH. We report a case of a 25-year-old female who presented with acute onset fever and in whom these unusual peripheral smear findings directed the pathologist to initiate the work up for paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria. Being vigilant about the presence of neutrophil erythrocyte rosette and erythrophagocytosis by neutrophils in peripheral smear will guide pathologist towards initiating a workup for PCH and avoiding unnecessary investigations.