Pharmacogenetic Dependent Interindividual Pharmacokinetic Variations

Pharmacogenetics deals with genetic variations and individual response differences of drugs. The discovery of enzymes responsible for drug metabolism and the research to DNA sequences encoding these enzymes enable the creation of individual treatment strategies. Cytochrome 2B6, cytochrome 2C9, cytochrome C19, cytochrome 2D6, cytochrome 3A4, N-acetyltransferase, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, thiopurine methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronyl transferase and catechol-O-methyltransferase enzymes are mainlyresponsible from drug metabolism and polymorphisms in enzyme activities affect the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug which leads to differences in drug response between individuals. First examples that form of the basis of pharmacogenetic studies are N-acetyltransferase and cytochrome 2D6 polymorphisms. Consideration of enzyme polymorphisms that may result with pharmacokinetic differences during drug choice is important to increase the success of treatment and to prevent adverse/toxic reaction risk. The studies about pharmacogenetics, which was studied about 50 years ago, has become more important nowadays with the development of gene technology. Individual drug choice will be an important parameter by further development of pharmacogenetics in the second 50 years through pharmacogenetic studies that is accelerated due to technological developments.