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Patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction have symptoms such as pain in the jaw and surrounding tissues, limitation in jaw movements and/or clicks, crepitation, head, neck, ear, toothache. Although there are publications on PRP injections in the treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, there is no study on the effect of the use of concentrated growth factor (CGF) in the literature. In this study, it was aimed to analyze the efficacy of concentrated growth factor (CGF) in patients with TMJ disc displacement, disc dislocation with/without reduction and joint degeneration. Patients who did not respond to conservative treatment during the period of 2015-2016 and were complaining of TMJ pain, knocking in the joints, decreased mouth opening were included to the study. Magnetic resonance imaging results of before and after injections, age, gender, previous therapies, pain, click on the joint, mouth openness were recorded. The pain felt in the jaw joint in patients was scored according to the visual analogue scale (VAS) numbered 0-10. Mouth openness was measured. Before and the six months after CGF injections, TME magnetic resonance imaging was performed on all patients. All measurements were repeated at 6 months and 1 year after CGF injection. The mean age of the 10 patients (3 males, 7 females) was 30 and the mouth openness was 2.1 cm before injection. In the first year after injection, mouth openness was measured as 3 cm on average. Before injections, there was a clicking sound in all patients. However, at the end of the 1st year, only 2 patients had clicking. The mean VAS before and after injection injection was 8 and 3, respectively. In this study, it was determined that one intraarticular injection of 1 cc CGF in the patients with joint degeneration and TMJ disc displacement with/without reduction resulted in decrease of VAS score and click sound and increase of mouth openness. CGF injection may achieve symptomatic improvement in patients with TMJ dysfunction.

In 0-72 months aging children with early childhood caries, general anesthesia is often preferred due to the following reasons; the non-cooperation based on age, anxiety development during the dental procedures and long treatment sessions. It is known that early childhood caries have a significant impact on the quality of life of child patients’ and their families’. In the assessment of quality of life scores, different questionnaires were developed for children and their parents. Today, Parental Perception Questionnaire and Family Impact Scale, which are composed of two parts including Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale, is used for children under 6 years old age. This study included 158 patients who received comprehensive oral rehabilitation under general anesthesia in Necmettin Erbakan University, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and their parents. Demographic information and dmft values of the patients were recorded before the procedure. Parents were asked to complete the relevant questionnaire at the beginning of the procedure and at the 2nd and 4th weeks following the procedure. The data were statistically analyzed by the SPSS program. It was considered that if the effect size was greater than 0.7, a major change occurring in the data exchange. A statistically significant decrease in all values was observed after the treatments performed under the general anesthesia. The greatest reduction was found in the oral symptoms and functional status of the child. In conclusion, dental procedures performed under general anesthesia in children with early childhood caries appear to have a positive impact on the quality of life of patients and their families.

Aim of this study was to evaluate depression level of fathers whose children have monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis (pNE). Present study was a retrospective view of prospective recorded data. The multicentre study was conducted between April 2014 and August 2016, in family medicine, urology, and paediatric nephrology outpatient clinics and fathers of children with pNE were evaluated. We administered behavioural therapy with alarm device, first. Children who did not respond behavioural therapy were given oral/nasal desmopressin. World Health Organization quality of life (QoL) forms and Beck Depression inventory (BDI) were used for determining QoL and depression index of parents, respectively. A total of parents of 47 children including 21 (45%) girls and 26 (55%) boys with pNE were enrolled and evaluated before and at 6th month of the treatment. The mean age of children was 7.4±2.5 years. The behavioural therapy with alarm devices was successful in 29 children (61.7%). Additionally, 18 children (38.3%) received oral/nasal desmopressin. Only 3 boys were refractor to all treatments. Mean age of fathers was 29.0±2.2 years. Fathers’ BDI scores before and after children’s treatment were 17.3±9.8 and 15.7±9.2, respectively, (p<0.001). As a conclusion, anxiety scores were high in fathers of children with pNE. Treatment modalities could develop BDI scores in fathers who have children with pNE.

Pharmacogenetics deals with genetic variations and individual response differences of drugs. The discovery of enzymes responsible for drug metabolism and the research to DNA sequences encoding these enzymes enable the creation of individual treatment strategies. Cytochrome 2B6, cytochrome 2C9, cytochrome C19, cytochrome 2D6, cytochrome 3A4, N-acetyltransferase, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, thiopurine methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronyl transferase and catechol-O-methyltransferase enzymes are mainlyresponsible from drug metabolism and polymorphisms in enzyme activities affect the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug which leads to differences in drug response between individuals. First examples that form of the basis of pharmacogenetic studies are N-acetyltransferase and cytochrome 2D6 polymorphisms. Consideration of enzyme polymorphisms that may result with pharmacokinetic differences during drug choice is important to increase the success of treatment and to prevent adverse/toxic reaction risk. The studies about pharmacogenetics, which was studied about 50 years ago, has become more important nowadays with the development of gene technology. Individual drug choice will be an important parameter by further development of pharmacogenetics in the second 50 years through pharmacogenetic studies that is accelerated due to technological developments.

Congenital pyloric atresia (CPA) is an extremely rare condition. It may be isolated or accompanied by other abnormalities. In isolated cases, prognosis is good but congenital pyloric atresia can be fatal depending on another anomali. The etiology is still unknown. Since familial cases were reported in literature, it is suggested that this disease might be inherited. In here, we reported a delayed diagnosed congenital pyloric atresia case that presented with hypernatremic dehydration.

Facial asymmetry in new-born babies is not always due to facial paralysis. Congenital facial asymmetry, might as well as be due to depressor anguli oris muscle aplasia (DAOA), so called “congenital asymmetric crying facies”. Additional congenital anomalies like skeletal, cardiovascular, urogenital, respiratory or central nerve system anomalies can also accompany this disorder. Here, we present a case with DAOA whose cousin had aplasia of 8 fingers in two hands, hip dislocation, partial cutaneous syndactyly in bilateral feet fingers, and ASD. DAOA is a rare congenital anomaly with unknown etiology; therefore, screening tests should be done when encountered by otolaryngologists and pediatricians.