Selçuk Tıp Dergisi Arşiv

Aim: Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Tumor budding has been
shown to be a prognostic factor in many cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic
significance of tumor budding in intestinal-type gastric adenoc arcinoma.
Patients and Methods: A total of 152 cases diagnosed as intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma in
the Pathology Clinic between 2015 and 2021 were included in the study. Tumor budding was grouped
as low, medium and high. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were re-evaluated in terms of tumor
differentiation, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), lymph node involvement, depth
of invasion (pT) and tumor budding.
Results: Tumor budding was low in 30.9% (n=47) of the subjects included in the study, moderate in 37.5%
(n=57) and high in 31.4% (n=48). Statistically, as tumor budding increased, tumor size increased (p<0,05),
follow-up times were shortened, survival time (p<0,05), and tumor differentiation (p<0,05) decreased. A
statistically significant correlation was observed between tumor budding and LVI (p<0,05), PNI (p<0,05),
pT(p<0,05), lymph node involvement(p<0,05), and mortality of the cases (p<0,05). No statistically
significant correlation was observed between tumor budding and gender, age, tumor localization and
operation type (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Tumor budding is associated with poor prognostic factors. As it may be important to guide
the treatment modality and follow-up, tumor budding status may be mentioned in routine pathology reports.

Aim: To compare the vascular densities (VDs) of macular microvascular (MMV) and radial peripapillary
capillaries (RPC) according to Erectile dysfunction (ED) in non-ocular Behçet's (NOB) patients, and to
examine the correlation between the patients' International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15 scores in 5
different sexual function domains and the values measured by OCT -A.
Patients and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2019 - March 2020. Of the
94 male Behçet's patients, 23 without eye involvement and who met the inclusion criteria were included in
the study. The control group consisted of 25 age-matched healthy individuals. Values measured by optical
coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) were compared between patients with and without ED and
controls. The correlation between the patients' scores in 5 different sexual function domains of the IIEF-15
questionnaire and those measured by OCT -A was examined.
Results: Compared to controls, VDs were reduced in the whole area of the deep capillary plexus in both
patients with and without ED. VDs of all vessels of the whole area in the RPC network were also decreased
in EDs compared to controls and non-EDs. In addition, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses in the
inferior quadrant were found to be decreased in patients with ED compared to controls and those without ED.
In the correlation analysis between NOB patients' scores in 5 domains of IIEF-15 and OCT-A measurements,
there was a positive correlation between the RNFL thickness values and VDs of all vessels in the whole area
of RPC, and the scores in 4 domains of IIEF-15.
Conclusions: After excluding factors that may cause ED, MMV and RPC VDs and RNFL inferior quadrant
thicknesses were found to be decreased in NOB patients with ED. In addition, a correlation was found between
IIEF-15 scores in sexual function domains and RPC VDs and RNFL thicknesses of NOB patients.

Aim: Irisin molecule is in the group of myokins, it is released from muscle cells and a messenger between
muscle and fat tissue. It is shown that irisin peptide has an important role in insulin resistance, glucose and
energy metabolism. In our study we aimed to show irisin molecule's relationship with glucose metabolism.
Patients and Methods: The study included 29 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, 41
newly diagnosed prediabetes patients and 28 healthy control groups who applied to the Internal Medicine
Outpatient Clinic between April 2017 and September 2017. Serum irisin levels, laboratory findings and
metabolic parameters were measured and recorded.
Results: The mean plasma irisin level of the type 2 diabetes mellitus patient group was statistically
significantly higher than the prediabetic patients and the control group (p=0.015 p<0.001). Although the
mean plasma irisin level of prediabetic patients was higher than the control group, no significant difference
was found. A statistically significant correlation was found between plasma irisin level and plasma fasting
glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL, TG in a positive way and HDL in a negative way .
Conclusion: Our study supports that plasma irisin increases in a compensatory response to the increased
insulin resistance in Type 2 DM patients in a way that regulates glucose metabolism. Although in our
study the mean irisin level in prediabetic patients was higher than the control group, no statistically
significant difference was found between the two groups. Even tough irisin is thought to have positive
results on insulin resistance, studies that larger and consider more different variables are needed in order
to understand its ef fect more clearly .

Aim: The clinical course of COVID-19 cases and the severity of symptoms vary according to the case.
However, it has been seen in the cases examined that it poses a greater risk for those with chronic
diseases and elderly individuals. In order to protect elderly individuals from COVID-19, governments
have introduced some restrictions. It is thought that the wrong evaluation of these restrictions may lead
to attitudes of ageism. This study aimed to determine the relationship between society's fear of COVID-19
and attitudes towards ageism.
Patients and Methods: This work is designed in descriptive type. This study was conducted with
volunteers between the ages of 18-65 683 people. The data of the study were collected using the Fraboni
Scale of Ageism and COVID-19 Fear Scale. Data were collected on 1-20 Jun e 2020.
Results: The mean Fraboni Scale of Ageism and COVID-19 Fear Scale scores were 67.87±6.15 and
18.81±6.16, respectively. The results showed a weak and negative correlation between COVID19 fear
and ageism.
Conclusion: In general, individuals had a positive attitude towards the elderly and had low levels of
COVID-19 fear.

Aim: Another issue that is as important as breast milk and breastfeeding today is the mental health of
postpartum mothers. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of postpartum depression and anxiety
levels of puerperant women aged 18-49 on breastfeeding attitude s.
Patients and Methods: This study was conducted with 243 participants over the age of 18, who did
not have any psychiatric disease before or during pregnancy, who applied for puerperal and newborn
vaccination between February 1, 2021 and August 1, 2021, registered to the central family health centers.
Results: It was observed that women's education, necessity of breast milk, breastfeeding knowledge
level and breastfeeding duration affected their breastfeeding attitude levels. When we examined the
breastfeeding attitudes according to the weeks of birth, it was seen that the breastfeeding attitudes of
the participants who gave birth before 32 weeks were at a higher level than those who gave birth at 36
weeks or more (p=0.001).
Conclusion: It is evaluated in terms of the state of the optimizable how it affects the views according to
the results. In the field of education, which receives support in state anxiety and postpartum appearance,
it can be played that the body will affect the mother and baby positively, regarding the communication in
this regard, for better general appearance.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between hematologic diseases and SARS-CoV-2
infection in patients who have been been diagnosed with a hemat ologic disease after COVID-19 infection.
Patients and Methods: The ones who had a previously history of COVID-19 infection among the patients
diagnosed with any malign or autoimmune hematologic disease were evaluated between April 1, 2020 – April
1, 2021, retrospectively. The Patients who had the COVID-19 infection and the patients who had not were
compared.
Results: Twenty-four (7.8%) patients of 305 newly diagnosed who had a previously history of COVID-19
infection were determined. The most common diagnosis was non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in both of the groups.
Although it was not statistically significant, frequency of NHL and aggressive NHL were most common in
the patients with history of COVID-19 (25.1% vs 23.1%; p=0.143 and 66.6% vs 56.9%, p=0.094). The basic
hematologic parameters were similar between the two groups. The median time between COVID-19 infection
and the hematologic diagnosis was 4.1 (0.6-11.8) month; the minimum duration was in the patient with
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura and the maximum was the one with Multiple Myeloma. The median time
up until the diagnosis was longer in the malign group (4.5 vs 2.5 months; p=0.070).
Conclusions: As a result of the study, it has been emphasized that COVID-19 may have an etiological factor
for malign and hematologic diseases with autoimmune pathogenesi s.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of intravenous glucose administration in the lateral hypothalamic
area (LHA) on the levels of noradrenaline, dopamine and their metabolites dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG)-
dihydroxyphenylaceticacid (DOPAC) by brain microdialysis method.
Patients and Methods: Adult male Wistar albino rats in 2 normally fed groups and 2 groups of restricted
food intake for 24 hours (saline and glucose administered) were used. Microdialysis procedures were
performed on the rats in LHA under anesthesia and samples were collected in 20 minutes. After the first
samples were recorded as control, 0.9% saline was administered to the control groups and 50% glucose
solution was administered intravenously to the glucose groups at a dose of 1.4 ml/kg. During the next 40
minutes, samples were collected and analyzed on the HPLC-ECD system. One-way ANOVA was used for
statistical evaluation.
Results: Noradrenaline concentration was higher in fasted rats than in satiated animals at baseline.
Noradrenaline levels at the 20th minute were significantly decreased in both fasted-satiated groups
compared to control group (p=0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the 40th minute
noradrenaline values and dopamine-DHPG-DOP AC levels compared to control.
Conclusion: Systemic glucose administration decreased LHA noradrenaline concentration in fasted and
satiated rats. It can be mentioned that noradrenergic neurotransmission in LHA can be modulated by
plasma glucose.

Androjen duyarsızlık sendromu (AIS), Xq11-q12'de yer alan androjen reseptör (AR) genindeki
mutasyonların neden olduğu genotip/fenotip uyumsuzluğu ile seyreden X'e bağlı çekinik bir hastalıktır.
Bu çalışmada AR geninde literatürde daha önce bildirilmemiş nadir bir mutasyon saptadık. AIS’nun temel
klinik bulguları; 46,XY bireylerde, doğumda dişi dış genitalya, puberte döneminde anormal sekonder seks
karakter gelişimi ve erişkinlik döneminde görülen infertilitedir. 17 yaşında, dişi dış genitalyaya sahip hasta
primer amenore nedeniyle kromozom analizi yapılmak üzere kliniğimize yönlendirildi. Hastanın genotipi
46,XY olarak saptandı. Hastanın AR geni sekans analizinde ekzon 1’de; daha önce ExAc, 1000genome
ve diğer popülasyon veri tabanlarında bulunmayan NM000044 c.5A>G varyantı tespit edildi. Bu varyant 2.
pozisyonda glutamik asidin glisine dönüşümüne neden olmaktadır. Negatif yüklü, polar bir aminoasit olan
glutamik asidin; hidrofobik özelliğe sahip glisine dönüşümü nedeniyle, bu mutasyonun AR geninin fiziksel
yapısını ve proteinin 3 boyutlu yapısını bozabileceğini düşündü k.