Makale Arama

To evaluate the five year survival outcomes of breast cancer patients treated at our department and to assess the prognostic factors that affect survival parameters. All patients underwent our department’s routine procedure for breast cancer. All patients received RT to the breast or chest wall using 3D conformal technique with 2 Gy fraction doses, five days a week with two opposite tangential fields. If necessary, ipsilateral supraclavicular fossa field was added to the treatment field. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy was primarily used, patients with estrogen receptor- positive disease received hormonal therapy and patients with Her-2 receptor-positive disease received trastuzumab. The primary end points of this study were to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and the disease-free survival (DFS) of the patients. The secondary end points of this study were to assess the prognostic factors that affect the survival outcomes. Statistical analysis were carried out using SPSS Statistic program version 13. Between 11.02.2010 and 01.05.2016, 559 patients with breast cancer who had been irradiated postoperatively were included in this retrospective study. 2 and 5 year OS rates were 97% and 84%; 2 and 5 year DFS rates were 97% and 71%, respectively. According to multivariate analysis, ≥70 year, to have triple (-) hormonal status, to have T3-4 disease, to have N2-3 nodal stage and to have locoregional recurrence or distant metastasis were the independent prognostic factors that affect OS. Also, to have N2-3 nodal stage and to have triple (-) hormonal status were independent prognostic factors that affect DFS. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Its incidence has been increasing but mortality has been decreasing in the last 10-15 years. In the light of current treatment modalities, to know the prognostic factors that affect survival outcomes is very important for both choosing the most appropriate treatment modality and the prediciton of treatment response.

Lung cancer is the most common among cause of cancer deaths in worldwide. NSCLC represent between 80% to 85% of all the diagnosed lung cancers cases. Systemic chemotherapy for patients with NSCLC has limited impact on overall survival. Patients eligible for chemotherapy should be selected carefully. The aim of this study analyzed prognostic factors for survival in NSCLC patients. We retrospectively reviewed 741 NSCLC patients between 2000 and 2012. Ten potential prognostic variables were chosen for analysis in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify prognostic factors associated with survival. Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to determine prognostic factors. Among the 10 variables of univariate analysis, three variables were identified to have prognostic significance: performans status (PS), diabetes mellitus (DM) and stage. Multivariate analysis included the 3 prognostic significance factors in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazard model showed that PS was considered independent prognostic factors for survival, as were DM and stage. In conclusion, PS, DM and stage were identified as important prognostic factors in NSCLC patients. These findings may also facilitate pretreatment prediction of survival and can be used for selecting patients for treatment.

Today, age of childbearing women is increasing because of social and economic conditions. Although gynecological cancers are seen in old age, some of them may occur in reproductive age. With recent advances in the fields of surgery, pathology and chemotherapy, low risk patient group can be identified in gynecological cancers. Fertility sparing surgery appears as a parallel development in current cancer treatment, when considering the emotional condition, physical appearance, sexual function and fertility desire of the patient.

Aim: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is associated with an aggressive course and short survival. Conventional chemotherapy (CT) is the mainstay of SCLC treatment. However, the majority of information on chemotherapy (CT), as well as information on demographic data of patients, is based on studies from several decades ago. In this study, we aimed to determine the current demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with SCLC and to determine their responses to the treatments.

Patients and methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, cohort study. Definitions of survival were overall survival (TOS) and survival after metastasis (MOS). TOS was calculated as the time from the diagnosis to the date of death or last visit. MOS was calculated as the time from the diagnosis of metastasis to the date of death or last visit.

Results: The data of 161 patients were analyzed. Response rates obtained with 1st line CT, 2nd line CT, and 3rd line CT were 72.2%, 43.3%, and 40.4%, respectively. The median TOS and median MOS were calculated as 15.7 months (0.03-106.97) and 13.79 months (0.03-79.54), respectively. Although they were metastatic, ten patients had never received first-line CT, and the median MOS was 1.88 months and 14.62 months, respectively, in those who did not receive CT and received CT. Twenty-one (18.9%) of the 111 patients who needed second-line treatment did not receive CT, and the median MOS was 8.39 months and 18.45 months, respectively, in those who did not receive CT and received CT. Eighteen of the 65 patients (27.7%) who required the third-line treatment did not receive CT, and the median MOS was found to be 15.36 months and 23.86 months, respectively, in those who did not receive CT and received CT. The presence of metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and refusal of treatment were statistically significant parameters affecting the median TOS. And, poor performance status and refusal of treatment were statistically significant parameters parameters affecting the median MOS.

Conclusions: In this study, it was confirmed that early diagnosis of SCLC was associated with a survival advantage. It was shown that the patients who received and were able to tolerate the treatment had obtained a survival advantage, regardless of the disease phase.

Skeletal muscle metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a rare event and the optimal treatment strategy is still unknown. Herein we report a case with biceps metastasis from NSCLC. A 50-year-old man with a distant biceps metastasis due to NSCLC is presented. One month after chemo-radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy the patient was readmitted with a painful mass located on the right biceps brachii muscle. A biopsy of the painful mass disclosed the muscle metastasis pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated with palliative radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy was planned. At the end of the palliative radiotherapy his pain was disappeared. Two months later (18 months after the diagnosis) the patient died of respiratory failure. Palliative radiotherapy may be a good treatment option for patient with muscle metastasis from NSCLC.

Although it remains relatively stable childhood cancer rates in the last two years, thanks to advances in early diagnosis and treatment there has been a serious decline in the mortality rate. Despite all these developments, it still experienced today that children diagnosed with cancer 75% more than they can not survive more than five years. Before cancer treatment, oral and dental health problems may impair during and after the child’s health and quality of life. Therefore, pediatric dentists, the provision of oral hygiene and dental treatment needs of these patients have a very important place.

We aimed to present a rare case with giant ovarian tumor which causes intraabdominal mass in a 14-year-old girl. On examination, there were abdominal distension and a palpable solid mass in abdomen. On abdominal ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) examination, a giant mass, which covers all intraabdominal cavity, was identified in the abdomen. Laparatomy was carried out in elective conditions after all tests had been performed. The mass originated from left ovary was excised totally via left salpingoooferectomy, following both ovaries and both tuba uterinas. The operative diagnosis of dysgerminoma was confirmed with histopathologic examination. Chemotherapy was scheduled by Hematology-Oncology Department. Dysgerminoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the girls who are admitted with the intraabdominal giant masses.

We report a 38 year-old male patient vvith non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma who developed oliguric acute renal failure depending on tumor lysis syndrome, following chemotherapy. We treated, patient vvith diuretic, bicarbonate infusion, calcium gluconate, and 30% dextrose vvith insulin. We couldn’t give a response to these treatments. After chemotherapy, on 4th day we started to use hemodialysis. After hemodialysis, we supplied a recovering in this patient as clinic and laboratory.

We were reported a case of Pott's disease with bilateral pleural effusion in a 67-year- old male patient. The primary çare physician commenced anti-microbial therapy by considering the non-specific pleuritis. hovvever, four months after his first complatins, Progressive back pain and weakness of lower limbs was occured. By further examination, we diagnosed an active tuberculous spondylitis of the 7th and 8th thoracic vertebrae. Operative intervention was undertaken because of neurological findings. VVe also started anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. A proper clinical and redaiological response to chemoterapy and surgery was observed at the last follow-up.

\r\n Gastric cancer is among the common cancers and chemotherapy is among the treatment plan. Chemotherapy affects many systems, it is important for the individual and her environment to adapt to this process. In order to improve this adaptation, the nursing care process given to the patient with gastric cancer who was receiving the first chemotherapy treatment according to the Roy Adaptation Model was described. According to the data obtained by the permission of the patient,  impaired physical mobility, anxiety, deficient knowledge about chemotherapy treatment process, defensive coping, readiness for enhanced family coping, nursing diagnoses were made and appropriate nursing interventions were applied. The model is thought to be available to patients receiving chemotherapy treatment.

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Extensive surgical excision, free skin graft and regio•al lymphadeno-idectomy for therapeutic or prophylactic reasons were performed in fifteen malign skin melanoma cases. They were kept under postoperative chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherayp afterwards and various aspects of melanomas were examined.

Aim: Radiotherapy plays a significant role in the management of head and neck cancers. However, mucositis and xerostomia are the most common side effects in curative treatment. The aim of this prospective, randomized study is to compare the efficacy of zinc sulphate and amifostine in preventation of radiation induced salivary gland damage in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients using quantitative salivary gland scintigraphy (QSGS). Patients and Methods: Thirty patients with HNC who had received radio±chemotherapy were randomly assigned to receive either zinc sulfate or amifostine. All the patients were once a week during RT for oral mucositis using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Acute Radiation Morbidity Scoring criteria, and measurement of body weight. Before and 2 months after treatment, salivary gland scintigraphy was performed. Using the time–activity curves, changes in the maximum uptake (UR) and relative saliva excretion rate (ER) between pre- and post- treatment were calculated. The measurements were statistically compared using paired Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. Results: The protective effect of zinc sulphate on the salivary glands was similar to amifostine and there were no statistically significant difference in UR, ER results at QSGS, oral mucositis or weight loss between the two groups. Conclusion: The effectiveness of both support therapy was compared and there was no significant difference in efficacy. However, because of the cost difference, the use of the zinc sulphate can be an alternative to amifostine for prevention of xerostomia, oral mucositis and other toxic effects. Further studies with more patients and follow-up are suggested in this regard.

Aim: We aimed to search the effects of erythropoietin on anastamoses recovery in the rats to which rchemotherapy was applied and intestine anastomos was made. Material and Method: The study was carried out at Selcuk University Experimental Research Center (SUDAM). The rats were divided into 4 groups including 10 subjects. The subjects in all groups were weighed before the surgical operation and laparotomy was made with middle line cutting. Nothing but standard feeding was made to the subjects in the 1st group after making sigmoid colon anastomoses. Subcutan erythropoietin injection was administered to the 2nd group after colon anastomoses. The 3rd group was injected intraperitoneal 5- fluorouracil after colon anastomoses was made. The 4th group was made intraperitoneal 5- fluorouracil after colon anastomoses, and subcutan erythropoietin injection was administered.On the 7th day following the anastomoses, the rats were weighed and they were sacrificed. Anastomoses bursting pressure among the groups, hydroxyproline level in the samples taken from anastomoses line and collagen and rich bind tissue formation from the fibroblast histopathologically, the rise angiogenesis, intensity in inflammation and the existence of necrosis were evaluated. Results: In the rats to which erythropoietin was applied, the bursting pressures and hydroxyproline levels were significantly higher than those of the control group statistically. During the histopathological examination, it was seen that rich bind tissue formation from angiogenesis and collagen in the erythropoietin group rose while there was a significant reduction in the formation of inflammation and necrosis. These positive effects of erythropoietin was also established in the rats to which 5- fluorouracil was applied. Conclusion: In the rats to which colo-colic anastomoses was made, it was considered that erythropoietin inflammation had positive effects on angiogenesis with its influences on proliferation and restructuring. The same positive effects were observed in the rats which used 5-fluorouracil. Thus, it can be expected that erythropoietin can reduce the risk of anastomoses escape after colo-colic anastomoses and in conditions such as chemoteraphy, which negatively affects the recovery of anastomoses.

We evaluated 391 (267 male, 124 female) tuberculosis patients received chemotherapy in the Department of Pul- monary Diseases betvveen 1992 and 1995. For this purpose, we investigated hospital and dispanseries fileş of these patients. İn 323 (80.0 %) cases, definite bacteriologic or pathologic diagnosis of tuberculosis vvere made. Asidoresistant bacilli vvere positive in 246 (81.7 %) of pulmonary tuberculosis cases who had the microbiological evaluation of sputum and 128 (42.5 %) cases had positive culture. Drug susceptibility tests vvere made in 122 cases, 82 (67.2 %) of these cases had at least resistance to on e of the drugs. Primer and seconder durg- resistance vvere 38.5 % and 28.7 %, respectively. The follow up of 92 (23.5 %) cases was not regular and their management was not continued. The registrations of 68 (17.3 %) of these cases vvere not found in the dis­ panseries. Ali these findings shovv that efforts of tuberculosis control and education are insufficient in our city.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the general characteristics, survival time and prognostic factors affecting the high grade glial tumor after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: Data of 166 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Included histopathologically confirmed cases were grade 3 anaplastic astrocytoma and grade 4 glioblastoma multiforme. Patients were treated with curative radiotherapy and simultaneous ± adjuvant Temozolamide. Results: 73% of the patients were male, 27% were female and the median age was 57 years. 21% were anaplastic astrocytomas, 79% were glioblastom multiforme. 40% of the patients were total, 49% of the patients were subtotally operated and 11% of the patients had only biopsy for diagnostic purposes. The median Karnofski performance score of the patients before radiotherapy was 90. 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy was applied to 37% of the patients, 63% of the patients were treated with intensity-adjusted radiotherapy technique. Simultaneous Temozolamide was administered with 92% of patients’ radiotherapy. The median follow-up time was 15 months. Overall survival rates were 82 months for anaplastic astrocytoma and 15.5 months for glioblastome multiforme (p <0.001). Overall survival rates at 1, 2, and 5 years were 77%, 59%, and 55% for anaplastic astrocytoma and 59%, 33%, and 4% for glioblastome multiforme, respectively. Median overall survival in patients aged <50 years was 39.3 months, while age ≥50 years was 12.4 months (p <0.001). Overall survival according to operation pattern was 33.2 months in total exposures, 13.8 months in subtotal resections, and 4.9 months in biopsies (p = 0.00). Overall survival was 8.1 months with a performance of <70, while overall survival was 22.3 22.3 months with ≥70 (p = 0.00). Overall survival was 12.9 months in patients who underwent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and 21.5 months in patients undergoing intensity-adjusted radiotherapy (p = 0.005). Overall survival was 7.8 months when applied to radiotherapy dose <60 Gy and 21.7 months when given 60 Gy (p = 0.00). Median survival was 18.4 months and 7.2 months, respectively, using concurrent Temozolamide (p = 0.03). Conclusion: In conclusion, the patient’s diagnosis, age, operative form, performance, radiotherapy dose, chemotherapy usage and survival were positive and our results are compatible with the literature.

Metastasis of lobular breast cancer to the reproductive organs is an extremely rare condition. The followup of internal genital metastases for patients who received tamoxifen and chemotherapy after breast cancer surgery has important clinical significance. Here, we introduce such a patient who applied to our hospital and received treatment.

Castleman’s disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology exactly. Although the disease most commonly appears in the mediastinal lymph nodes, it can be occur in cervical, retroperitoneal, axillary and other regions lymph nodes. There is no gender predominance and often occurs in young adults. Two histological variants as hyaline-vascular and plasma cell type have been described. Clinically it is also divided in two types: a localized type, which is usually asymtomatic and presented as a mass or swelling. Systemic (multicentric) type is characterized nonspecific symptoms such as fever, anaemia, generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly Complete surgical excision is curative for localized form. Although systemic type is usually treated with radiation therapy, corticosteroids and chemotherapy, there is no certain treatment. We herein reported a neck mass diagnosed as hyaline vascular type Castleman’s disease.

We studied P glycoprotein (Pgp) expression by testing fine needle aspiration specimens from lymp nodes with C- 494 antibody using an immunocytochemical assay in 30 cases of hlstologically proven non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) at diagnosis and after three courses of chemotherapy. Pgp expression was detected İn two of eight patients with stage l-ll, 10 of 22 patients with stage lll-IV at diagnosis and in one of two patients with stage l-ll, three of eight patients with stage lll-IV after chemotherpy. The stage of disease, the presence of B symptoms, the rate of response to treatment and duration of overall survival showed no significant difference between the group of Pgp negative patients ad the group of Pgp positive patients. İn conclucion we suggest that Pgp expression alone can not explain the treatment of chemotherapy resistance in NHL probably due to multifuctorial mechanisms of drug resistance.

Organ tuberculosis is an important problem for the public health in devoloping countries. Tuberculosis can be seen on any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus. Esophageal tuberculosis is very rarely seen with 0.14% prevalance. It usually originates from mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenopathy. We report a 55-year-old woman who admitted to our hospital with complaints of dysphagia, weight loss, audinophagia and epigastric pain. The chest radiography revealed a linear opacity compatible with fibrotic tape was seen on chest x-ray. Thorax CT examination revealed milimetric calcified lymph nodes at subcarinal and the right hilar region, thickening of proximal part of esophageal wall through carinal leveland subsegmenter collapse on left lower lobe. Ulcerative lesion with dimension of 1×1 cm localized in the 19th cm of the esophagus was seen on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, suggesting esophageal carcinoma. Biopsy revealed necrotizing granulomatous ulceration which resembled tuberculosis. After antituberculous chemotherapy, the endoscopy repeated in end of the 2nd month of antituberculous therapy and the recovery of ulcer lesion was seen and the biopsy showed no signs of tuberculosis. Conclusion; esophageal tuberculosis should be kept in mind at differential diagnosis in patients who have complaints of dysphagia and loss weight and radiological signs.

Radiotherapy or radiochemotherpy as applied to 152 patients with locally advanced bladder cancer following transurethral tumor resection. Complete response rate was 71%, the 5- year survival 65%. The success of the initial transurethral resection was found to be the most important factor the 5-year sur-vival. Organ sparing radiotherapy/ radiochemotherapy is in the treatment of bladder cancer at least an equ-ally efficient method like radical cystectomy and should be the method of choice.

We aimed to present a case with breast cancer which has cervical lymph nodes with increased FDG uptake in 18F-FDG PET/ CT and has biopsy result of tuberculosis lymphadenitis. Sixty-three year-old female patient with breast cancer complaining cervical and thoracal pain was imaged with PET/CT. PET/CT showed increased FDG uptake in bilaterally cervical, left submandibular and left prevertebral lymph nodes. The clinician considered that this image was related to an infectious process and continued to chemotherapy. A solid lesion was determined in follow-up ultrasonography. A PET/CT imaging was done to confirm this lesion. Increasing in quantity and SUVmax values of cervical, submandibular and prevertebral lymph nodes was determined. There was also a right axillary lymph node and a hypodense lesion with increased FDG uptake in liver. Biopsy was recommended because of increasing quantity and FDG uptake of lymph nodes and a new lesion in liver after chemotherapy. Biopsy result was tuberculosis lympadenitis in lymph nodes and metastasis in liver. False positive results in FDG-PET studies should be kept in mind because tuberculosis is a common disease in Turkey. Biopsy should be done in atypical cases.

During 1996 and 1999, we applied MVAC in 27 patients whose final stage bladder tumor depends on pathological and radiological bases at urological department. 15.4 % had complete response, 34.6 % had partial clinical response, 34.8 % hadn’t any clinical response and 19.7% had progression. One of the patient died due to a wide spreed tumor metastasis and neutropenic sepsis during the treatment. The most common side-effects were nausea- vomiting, transient renal failure, leucopenia, and trombocytopenia. M-VAC therapy showed it’s beneficial effect by decreasing the stage so providing TUR possibility and other alternative surgical procedurs.

Granulocytic sarcoma is extramedullary infiltration of leukemic cells and the involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is rare. These cases may present with abdominal pain, ileus, gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation. We present an acute myeloid leukemia patient that admitted with abdominal pain whose bone marrow is in remission after chemotherapy in whom the reason of abdominal pain was granulocytic sarcoma that occurred in the colon.