Makale Arama

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of functional abdominal pain and psychiatric signs on life quality in childrens and adolescents. 30 patients diagnosed with functional abdominal pain according to Roma III criterias and 30 healthy children as control group matched of age and gender were included in the study. Child Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventories for Children (STAI-C) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Parent and Child Versions (PedQL-P and C) were applied to both patient and control groups. All scale scores of life quality of childrens and adolescents with functional abdominal pain were statisticaly significance lower than control group (p<0.001). All the score of life quality in terms of parents of childrens and adolescents with functional abdominal pain were statisticaly significance lower than control group (p<0.001). Depression scale, trait anxiety inventory and state anxiety scores for children and adolescents with functional abdominal pain were statisticaly significance higher than control group (p<0.001, p=0.003, p=0.001, respectively). When compared to control group, lower life quality scale scores , increased anxiety levels tendency to depression and generally decreased life quality status were determined in functional abdominal pain group.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fear, vvorry and axieties of patients about anesthesia and surgery preoperatively by using a questionaire, and to measure their anxiety by using visual analogue scale (VAS). Five hundred and thirty six patients (>19 yr of age) were questioned about their worries, fears and request of Infor­ mation by means of a questionaire. The ansvvers were analysed with chi-square and correlation tests and p<0.05 was considered as significant. Fear from surgery was higher in the less educated patients (p<0.05). VVomen feared from anesthesia and surgery more than men (p=0.0001). Men prefered local anesthesia more than vvomen (p=0.00165). Fear and request of Information increased with increased income (p=0.01). VAS scores vvere high­ er in vvomen, illeterate and primary school graduates, and patients vvithout previous surgical or anesthesia expe- rience (p<0.05). No correlation was present betvveen VAS scores and income or increase or decrease of Informa­ tion requests (p>0.05). İt was concluded that not ali but some patients feared of surgery or anesthesia or vvanted Information. Informing these patients on the consequences of anesthesia and surgery may be usefull in alleviating their fears or vvorries. Positive correlation betvveen the results of the questionaire and VAS scores, leads us to con- sider that VAS scores may be usefull for measuring preoperative anxiety.

Trichotillomania characterized by recurrent chronic hair pulling is an impulse control disorder which is associated with comorbid conditions. In most cases trichotillomania results in a total or partial scalp alopecia. The psychiatric comorbidity is usually seen with trichotillomania in adults. The most common psychiatric comorbidities are affective disorders, anxiety disorders, addiction disorders. The effect of trichotillomania can be quite large and serious. It has many negative effects such as either on relationships between people or causing avoid social activities. The treatment of trichotillomania usually involves participation of both psychiatrists and dermatologists. In this article, a case of a young female patient, who has applied only dermatology policlinic for many years with diagnosis of alopesia totalis and not believing being treated in result, is presented. This case has been prepared as a good example of that trichotillomania causes the depresion and the decrease on the quality of life.

Aim: Another issue that is as important as breast milk and breastfeeding today is the mental health of
postpartum mothers. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of postpartum depression and anxiety
levels of puerperant women aged 18-49 on breastfeeding attitude s.
Patients and Methods: This study was conducted with 243 participants over the age of 18, who did
not have any psychiatric disease before or during pregnancy, who applied for puerperal and newborn
vaccination between February 1, 2021 and August 1, 2021, registered to the central family health centers.
Results: It was observed that women's education, necessity of breast milk, breastfeeding knowledge
level and breastfeeding duration affected their breastfeeding attitude levels. When we examined the
breastfeeding attitudes according to the weeks of birth, it was seen that the breastfeeding attitudes of
the participants who gave birth before 32 weeks were at a higher level than those who gave birth at 36
weeks or more (p=0.001).
Conclusion: It is evaluated in terms of the state of the optimizable how it affects the views according to
the results. In the field of education, which receives support in state anxiety and postpartum appearance,
it can be played that the body will affect the mother and baby positively, regarding the communication in
this regard, for better general appearance.

This study was carried out together by department of internal medicine and department of psychiatry in Selcuk University Medical School in 1995. 64 cancer patients diagnosed and followed up in internal me-dicine department were assessed and SCL-90-R was performed to the patients in this study. In 21.9% of the patients (14 patients) GSI> I. 34.4% the patients in this study (22 patients) had signs of somatisation, 45.3% (19 patients) had signs of depression and 26.6% (17patients) had signs of anxiety. Findings were discussed in the literature.

Frequency of comorbid anxiety disorders and their relations to other clinical variables were examined in a clinical sample with diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The sample consisted of 66 newly diagnosed children with ADHD aged 6 to 18 years. Diagnosis of the ADHD and anxiety disorders and definition of ADHD subgroups were determined according to DSM IV criteria by using Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children Lifetime Version. Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised was applied to exclude the children with mental retardation. Forthy eight (72.7%) subjects were diagnosed with combined type ADHD, 10 (15.2%) were predominantly inattentive type and 8 (12.1%) were predominantly hyperactivity-impulsive type. Twenty six (39.4%) children with ADHD had at least one comorbid anxiety disorders. Social anxiety disorder was detected in 21.2 % (n:14), seperation anxiety disorder in 16.7 % (n:11), obsessive compulsive disorder in 9.1 % (n:6), generalized anxiety disorder in 4.5 % (n:3) and panic disorder in 4.5% (n:3) of the cases. The frequency of obsessive compulsive disorder was statistically higher in the hyperactive-impulsive subgroups of ADHD compared to others. The impact of comorbid diagnoses of anxiety disorders on clinical evaluation and treatment method in ADHD cases was discussed.

Aim: This study aimed to compare the anxiety and depression levels of the university student outpatients who applied to the dermatology outpatient department with anxiety and depression levels of the university student outpatients who applied to the other outpatient departments. Furthermore, anxiety and depression levels of these two groups, were compared to anxiety and depression levels of the university students (control group) who were healthy and had no physical problems. Material and method: We applied the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD)scale to 451 university students who came to dermatology outpatient department and 155 university students who came to the other outpatient departments (except fort he apply to the pyschiatry outpatient department) in the Health Center of the Selcuk University and 152 university students of control group, who were selected randomly in Selcuk University. The anxiety and depression levels of these three groups were established according to the total points of the anxiety and depression subscale of the HAD scale. The results were statistically assessed and examined whether there were significant differences between the groups. Results: In this study, anxiety and depression levels of the university student outpatient who applied to the dermatology and other outpatient department were found higher than anxiety and depression levels of the control group. The difference of anxiety and depression levels between the university students who applied to the dermatology and other outpatient departments were not significant. Conclusion: The anxiety and depression levels of the university student outpatients who applied to the dermatology outpatient department were found to be high. So the outpatient department doctors must take psychologic situations of their patiets into consideration.

\r\n Gastric cancer is among the common cancers and chemotherapy is among the treatment plan. Chemotherapy affects many systems, it is important for the individual and her environment to adapt to this process. In order to improve this adaptation, the nursing care process given to the patient with gastric cancer who was receiving the first chemotherapy treatment according to the Roy Adaptation Model was described. According to the data obtained by the permission of the patient,  impaired physical mobility, anxiety, deficient knowledge about chemotherapy treatment process, defensive coping, readiness for enhanced family coping, nursing diagnoses were made and appropriate nursing interventions were applied. The model is thought to be available to patients receiving chemotherapy treatment.

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We evaluated the effects of nasal administered flunitrazepam and rectal midazolam on preoperative anxiety in children of ages 1 to 12. 0.03 mg.kg-1 nasal fhtnitrazepam for group I (NF) and 0.45 mg.kg"/ rectal midazolam (RM) was given to group 30 min before the operation. The Subjective Numerical Anxiety - Sedation Scores (SNAS) were recorded before premedication and induction. Cardiovascular variables and respiratory complications were recorded during inhalational induction with isoflurane. Complications were more frequent in the NF group (% 58.33), although the SNAS scores were similar before premedication in both groups, before induction the anxiety scores in the NI,' group and the sedation scores in RM group were increased. A rise in heart rate (HR) was recorded in both of the groups (p<0.05), In the NF group a significant increase at the fifth minute (p<0.05) and a very significant increase during the first minute (p<0.001) occured in the systolic blood pressures (SBP), in the RM group a significant rise in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was recorded during the first minute. As a result, we have concluded that while nasal)) administered flunitrazepam is not a favorable premedication agent. rectal midazolam is effective and safe in children for premedication.

Certain psychiatric symptoms such as dissociative disorder, anxiety, and depression are more prevalent in migraine patients than in the rest of the society. Identification of these symptoms is important for the treatment success. We define the purpose of our study as the comparison of the levels of dissociative symptoms, anxiety, and depression between patients with chronic migraine and normal individuals, and the analysis of these levels for their relationship with the demographic properties such as severity of pain and frequency of attacks. The study included 77 female patients with chronic migraine who applied to the neurology polyclinic with the complaint of headache and were diagnosed by the criteria defined by International Headache Society, and 44 healthy volunteers with similar age and educational level with those patients. Both groups were applied Short Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-Taxon), Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ), Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS), and Beck Depression Scale (BDS) by a psychologist. Demographic and clinical properties and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) results of patients with identified types of migraine were recorded. The scale results of patients with migraine and of the control group, and between the patients of migraine aura and without aura were compared. The results were compared by T-test and Pearson Correlation for the independent group. Dissociative symptoms was more common in the group with migraine (p=0,001). While this increase was correlated with depression and severity of pain, it was not correlated with anxiety. There was not any significant difference between migraine patients of migraine with aura and without aura, statistically. The results of this study reveals that the frequency of dissociative symptoms is higher in patients with migraine than in normal population. This difference was found to be in correlation with depression and VAS score. According to these data, it is important for the success of treatment and prevention of disability to question the symptoms of dissociative symptoms in patients with chronic migraine

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. For many patients, maximal therapy for COPD produces only modest or incomplete relief of disabling symptoms and these symptoms result in a significantly reduced quality of life. Despite the high morbidity and mortality associated with severe COPD, many patients receive inadequate palliative care. There are several reasons for this. First, patient– physician communication about palliative and end-of-life care is infrequent and often of poor quality. Secondly, the uncertainty in predicting prognosis for patients with COPD makes communication about end-of life care more difficult. Consequently, patients and their families frequently do not understand that severe COPD is often a progressive and terminal illness. The purpose of the present review is to give knowledge regarding palliative and end-of-life care for patients with COPD. Recent studies provide insight and guidance into ways to improve communication about end-of-life care and thereby improve the quality of palliative and end-of-life care the patients receive. Two areas that may influence the quality of care are also highlighted: 1) the role of anxiety and depression, common problems for patients with COPD; and 2) the importance of advance care planning. Improving communication represents an important opportunity for the improvement of the quality of palliative and endof-life care received by these patients.

In 0-72 months aging children with early childhood caries, general anesthesia is often preferred due to the following reasons; the non-cooperation based on age, anxiety development during the dental procedures and long treatment sessions. It is known that early childhood caries have a significant impact on the quality of life of child patients’ and their families’. In the assessment of quality of life scores, different questionnaires were developed for children and their parents. Today, Parental Perception Questionnaire and Family Impact Scale, which are composed of two parts including Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale, is used for children under 6 years old age. This study included 158 patients who received comprehensive oral rehabilitation under general anesthesia in Necmettin Erbakan University, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and their parents. Demographic information and dmft values of the patients were recorded before the procedure. Parents were asked to complete the relevant questionnaire at the beginning of the procedure and at the 2nd and 4th weeks following the procedure. The data were statistically analyzed by the SPSS program. It was considered that if the effect size was greater than 0.7, a major change occurring in the data exchange. A statistically significant decrease in all values was observed after the treatments performed under the general anesthesia. The greatest reduction was found in the oral symptoms and functional status of the child. In conclusion, dental procedures performed under general anesthesia in children with early childhood caries appear to have a positive impact on the quality of life of patients and their families.

Aim of this study was to evaluate depression level of fathers whose children have monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis (pNE). Present study was a retrospective view of prospective recorded data. The multicentre study was conducted between April 2014 and August 2016, in family medicine, urology, and paediatric nephrology outpatient clinics and fathers of children with pNE were evaluated. We administered behavioural therapy with alarm device, first. Children who did not respond behavioural therapy were given oral/nasal desmopressin. World Health Organization quality of life (QoL) forms and Beck Depression inventory (BDI) were used for determining QoL and depression index of parents, respectively. A total of parents of 47 children including 21 (45%) girls and 26 (55%) boys with pNE were enrolled and evaluated before and at 6th month of the treatment. The mean age of children was 7.4±2.5 years. The behavioural therapy with alarm devices was successful in 29 children (61.7%). Additionally, 18 children (38.3%) received oral/nasal desmopressin. Only 3 boys were refractor to all treatments. Mean age of fathers was 29.0±2.2 years. Fathers’ BDI scores before and after children’s treatment were 17.3±9.8 and 15.7±9.2, respectively, (p<0.001). As a conclusion, anxiety scores were high in fathers of children with pNE. Treatment modalities could develop BDI scores in fathers who have children with pNE.

Sydenham’s Chorea (SC) is a neurological movement disorder that results from antistreptocpccal antibodies cross-reacting with brain tissues, especially basal ganglia and causing to an inflamatory reaction. According to the 1992 modified Jones criteria, acute rheumatic fever is a major criterion and is sufficient evidence on which to base a diagnosis. SC is frequently seen in the 5-15 years of age. It appears approximately 6 months later from the attack of ARF. SC usually continues 4-6 weeks, it may be permanent. Carditis accompanies SC much more frequently than the other signs of ARF. SC is a neuropsychiatric disorder that may present with anxiety, emotional lability, obsessive compulsive symptoms, attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms or tics. Most of the cases improve spontanously and many treatment are available. Recurence is common. Penisilin prophylaxis should continued to avoid carditis and recurrence. SC is considered to be the most common cause of acquired chorea in devoloping countries. Even though it has been recognized for centuries, it has kept up its importance by periodic exacerbations. SC and ARF are still declining in recent years in our country, together with which is a significant cause of morbidity as a public health problem.

Epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that comorbidity rates in bipolar disorder are quite high. Obsessive compulsive disorder is the most frequently encountered anxiety disorder in bipolar disorder and its frequency is reported as 9-35%. The existence of comorbidity anxiety disorder affects sociodemographic and clinical features of bipolar patients. It has been reported that the response to the treatment in these patients is low, psychotic and mixed episodes are excessive, substance use and suicidal attempts are high and hospitalization rates are higher. Although comorbiditiy rates are high in bipolar disorder in the epidemiological and clinical studies performed recently, studies on sociodemographic, clinical and response to the treatment in comorbidity conditions are limited. In order to shed light to the issue clinical features and treatment process of a case with comorbidity of bipolar disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder has been presented. On the contrary to the facts reported in the literature, the case was presented since it was found interesting that obsessive compulsive symptoms in manic period were aggressive.

The aim of the present study is to identify the diagnoses of patients who referred to a child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic. Medical records of 2109 patients referred to the Children and Adolescent Psychiatry outpatient clinic at Ordu States Hospital, between January 2012 and April 2013 were studied retrospectively. It was found that the patients were mostly male (59.6 %) and within 7 to 18 years of age (78.6%). It was also determined that 74.8% of patients had at least one diagnosis. The diagnosis rate of 44.8% in patients between the ages of 0-6, 84.6% of patients aged 7-11 were determined as 80.3% in patients aged 12-18. Of the cases, 9.7% were diagnosed with multiple conditions. They were mainly in the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) group. The most common diagnosis was attention deficit hyperactivity disorder followed by depression, anxiety disorders, enuresis and mental retardation, respectively. When the distribution of the diagnoses to sex were assessed, the most common diagnoses in boys are ADHD, enuresis, depression, generalized anxiety disorder and mental retardation respectively, they were ADHD, depression, generalized anxiety disorder, enuresis and mental retardation in girls. In our study, although the externalizing disorders are the most frequent diagnoses, there are differences between genders. The rate of comorbid diagnosis was found to be considerable. In the presence of comorbid diagnoses, the disorder is experienced more heavily and psychosocial functionality gets deteriorated. To know the most common diagnoses, diagnosis differences within genders and possible diagnoses for certain age groups will be useful for improving child and adolescent psychiatry services.

This descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted to assess the depression and the quality of life (QoL) in cancer patient. The sample of the study consisted of 102 the patients with cancer, treated at Medical Oncology Department of, between 1-30 March 2008. WHOQOL –Brief was used to evaluate the patients’ quality of life. Depression status was evaluated with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Of the interviewees, 57.8% were male (n=59), 42.2% were female (n=43), and the mean age was 49.7± 15.2. The mean value of Beck depresyon was found as 12.4±9.9 (min=0, max=48). According to the BDI, 47.1% (n=48) were normal, 21.6% (n=22) mild, 18.6% (n=19) moderate and 12.7% (n=13) were severely depressed respectively. The gender, occupation, education and marital status of the people with cancer had not effected the depression (p>0.05). When we compared the QoL scores and depression status, there was a significant difference in perception of overall health and the satisfaction from life (p=0.000), general health and quality of life (p=0.000), physical health (p=0.011), social relationships (p=0.000), psychological health (p=0.001)) and environmental (p=0.000) between the depressive people and non-depressive ones statistically. Assessing quality of life in cancer patient will provide better understanding of the disease and will improve the evaluation of the therapy response. Anxiety and depression are the major concerns in cancer patient and it is necessary to understand these problems in order to cope with them, and psychological aid is essential.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients whose psychiatric consultations were referred from Emergency Department of a university hospital. Medical records of patients reffered to the Psychiatry Clinic at Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine between 2010 and 2013 were studied retrospectively. In this study 449 female (53.5%), 391 (46.5%) male totaly 840 patients were taken. Average age of the all participants in this study was 34.3±14 years. The most common cause for the consultation was attempt suicide (17%), anxiety (15.5%), psychomotor agitation(14.3%), and somatic complaints (12%). According to the result of psychiatric evaluation, a psychiatric disorder is found in 89.6% of the consultations. The most common psychiatric diagnoses were bipolar disorders (17.7%), psychotic disorders (12.3%), major depression (11%), substance use disorders (8.5%), and anxiety disorders (8.5%) and conversion disorder (6%). The results of this study may be important for the effective use of emergency psychiatric services.

To evaluate symptoms and diagnosis of patients who presented to the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic. Medical records of patients admitted to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic at Selcuk University Meram Faculty of Medicine between 2002 and 2007 were studied retrospectively. When admisson complaints of cases were reevaluated the most frequent symptoms were nervousness, over-activity, ürine to miss, stuttering and feeling of distress. According to the DSM-IV diagnoses, 2082 (%86.8) cases had any psyciatric disorder. The most common diagnosis were anxiety disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, mood disorders, enuresis, relationship problems and mental retardation, respectively. Of the cases, 20.1 % were diagnosed with multiple conditions. The most frequent comorbid diagnoses were enüresis and depression. The most frequent comorbid diagnoses were mental retardation-enüresis and enüresis-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression-anxiety disorders. Approximately one-third of subjects were prescribed psychotropic medications. Our findings may be helpful in improving treatmentservices in child and adolescent psychiatry

Aim: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) refers to a disorder of early pregnancy that manifests with extreme, difficult-to-treat nausea and vomiting. Its pathogenesis is largely obscure, and studies investigating its link with anxiety depression have remained inconclusive. Herein, we aimed to study the depression and anxiety levels of a Turkish population of pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective sectional study conducted at our Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between January 2011 and June 2013. There were 50 pregnant women with HG and 50 healthy pregnant women without any history of nausea and vomiting, who were matched with the study group for age, parity, and body mass index. All subjects underwent baseline laboratory investigations including serum TSH. Results: The two groups were comparable with regard to the demographic and obstetric parameters and baseline laboratory investigations although the HG group had significantly greater mean serum AST and TSH levels (p=0.015 and p=0.0001, respectively). Additionally, the HG group had significantly greater BDI and BAI scores compared to the controls (p= 0.0001). Conclusion: Our results have shown that psychological stress may be one of the causes of HG. For this reason, emotional states as well as medical conditions of HG patients during pregnancy should be considered. However, these results should be confirmed by prospective and clinical studies.

The aim of this study is exploring the effects of childbirth education, physiotherapy and psychotherapy-based interventions on fears and worries about childbirth and labour. Expectant mothers in the last trimester of gestation those did not have a delivery before were taken to the study. At first the participants were examined by a psychiatrist than sociodemographic data form Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ), Beck Depression and Beck Anxiety Inventories (BDI, BAI) were applied. Then 3 sessions each taking 60 minutes on possible physical and mental problems before birth were done, an exercise plan and recommendations for facilitating delivery were given to participants, information about possible physical and psychological problems after childbirth were given and their questions on these issue were answered. In results mean age of the group was found as 27.2±3.6. The mean gestational age was 35.7±2.3. Socio-demographic characteristics (age, education level, income level, etc.) was not found significantly correlated with the W-DEQ scores. W-DEQ 1 scores were positively correlated with BAI scores. In Wilcoxon test analyses W-DEQ 1 and W-DEQ 2 scores including all the subscales were significantly different p<0.001. As a conclusion on expectant mothers having their third trimester of pregnancy, education before childbirth was found helpful in reducing fears and negative thoughts related to childbirth.

Labor pain, which causes intolerable pain in some mothers, is one of the most severe and difficult to control pains known. Despite the false belief that this pain is natural and that every mother should suffer from this pain, labor pain should definitely be controlled. Because, like other acute pains, the respiratory system has negative effects on the cardiovascular system, neuroendocrine and limbic systems. It is an event that exhausts the mother, causes stress and anxiety, and increases the need for oxygen by hyperventilation.

 

Aim: The aim of this study was to primarily investigate the effects of selected anesthesia method on anxiety, patient satisfaction and pain level in elective caesarean section, and secondarily obtain information about quality of service.

Materials and Methods: The study was carried out as a prospective questionnaire in the Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation the Meram Medical Faculty Hospital of Necmettin Erbakan University between June 2017 and August 2017, on 160 volunteers aged between 18 and 45 years for whom elective cesarean section under General Anesthesia (GA) or Spinal Anesthesia (SA) was planned. Demographic data of the patients such as age, place of residence, education level, number of children, and cesarean experiences were recorded. In the preoperative and postoperative period, anxiety levels were measured by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-D), pain levels were measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and satisfaction levels were evaluated at postoperative 6th and 24th hours by (Quality of Recovery: QoR 40 T) questionnaire.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the patients' preoperative and postoperative anxiety scores and demographic data (p> 0.05). Patients with previous cesarean experience had lower preoperative anxiety levels (p <0.05). The STAI-D scores and the numbers of patients with anxiety in the GA and SA groups were similar (p> 0.05).Postoperative anxiety levels were significantly lower in both groups than in the preoperative period (p <0.05). VAS values of the SA group at the 6th and 24th hours were significantly higher than the group treated with GA.(p<0.05). The 24th hour VAS values of the SA group were higher than the VAS values at the 6th hour (p <0.05). In the GA group, VAS values at 24th hour were lower than the VAS values at 6th hour (p <0.05). The satisfaction levels of general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia were similar in the postoperative period (p> 0.05). Complaint of headache was high in SA group while complaint of sore throat was high in GA group(p<0.05). While there was no correlation between anxiety level, VAS values and satisfaction level (p> 0.05), there was a negative correlation between VAS values and pain parameters, which are the subgroup of satisfaction questionnaire, in both groups (p <0.05).

Conclusion: It is concluded that the preferred anesthesia method in elective cesarean section has no effect on anxiety and satisfaction, and the patient satisfaction level and service quality will be improved by providing effective analgesia by reviewing our postoperative pain algorithm.

 

Drugs in this group often have a depressive effect on the central nervous system and more or less all of them have the potential to cause Hag addiction. Narcotic analgesics do not have anti-typiretic and anti-inflammatory effects. Opioids have been used for hundreds of years to relieve pain caused by surgery, to relieve pain in patients with chronic pain, and to alleviate anxiety. It is not used only for premedication, but also as an analgesic after surgery and anesthesia. Substances of the opiate word such as morphine, codeine and papaverine obtained only from papaver somniferum. The opioid word is more appropriate to refer to the complete group.

Psychiatric disorders and psychological stress has been implicated as a potential trigger in onset and exacerbation of dermatological diseases. Additionally, skin diseases have often been found to be associated with anxiety, depression and impaired quality of life. Therefore, it may be considered that there are a reciprocal influence between psychiatric status and skin diseases. Although significant majority of the cases begin before adulthood, limited data are available about relationship between skin disease and psychiatric morbidity in childhood and adolescence. In this article, psychodermatologic disorders in these age groups and our current scientific knowledge on these disorders will be discussed.

In this study, college students polyclinic and cli-nic documents whom applied to S.U.T.F. Psychiatric Department during eight years period were exa-mined retrospectively. The ones living with their parents were less hos-pitalized (p<0.001); among dwellers at dormitory females were higher than males (p<0.01). Most common complaints were found as somatic (% 37.08), anxiety (%33.08), and sleep related complaints (%25.23). Academic (p<0.01), obsessive and sexual complaints were higher in females (p<0.05); nervousness (p<0.05) and somatic conp-laints were higher in males (p<0.01 ). Most common diagnosis were found as anxiety disorder (%30.15) and depressive disorders (%17.38). Psychosis was higher in males (p<0.01); somatoform disorder (p<0.01) and sleep disorders were higher in females (p<0.05).

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the seriousness of the clinical condition of the patients in intensive care unit (ICU) and acute stress symptoms of family members.

Patients and Methods: After local ethic committe approval and written informed consent was obtained, we carried out a prospective, descriptive study at a universty hospital in patients’ relatives. Clinical characteristics (APACHE II score) of patients was recorded. First degree relatives  of 60 ICU patients provided demographic data and completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form  (STAI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) within 24 h of ICU admission and 21 days later.

Results: There were a moderate correlation between APACHE 2 and STAI scores on  day 1 (r =0.477)  and a strong correlation (r = 0.503) on day 21 (p<0.05). A moderate correlation (r = 0.503)  was found between APACHE 2 score and PSQI on day 21. STAI scores were not different between genders on day 1. There was an increase in both sexes in STAI scores on day 21), and the scores ere significantly more in females (p=0.003). While there was no statistically significant difference in PSQI scores on day 1, an increase was found in both sexes on day 21 (p <0.001). Female family members  had more sleep disturbances  (p=0.008). STAI scores were higher in both mothers and fathers on day 1 and 21 (p<0.001).

Conclusions: An increasing relationship was determined between patients' acute physiological condition and anxiety with sleep quality level of patients’ relatives as the time passed.

Objective: ıt was aimed to retrospectively evaluate the sociodemographic characteristics, anxiety and depression levels of adolescent mothers who were referred for marriage leave. Material and methods: 65 adolescent cases who became mother when they applied to the outpatient clinic for marriage permission between 2018-2020. Hospital records, sociodemographic data and edited forensic reports including psychiatric evaluations of the cases were reviewed retrospectively. In order to determine their depression and anxiety levels during the evaluation period, they were asked to fill in the anxiety and depression scale-revised self-report scale and kent e-g-y and porteus labyrinths intelligence tests applied by the psychologist were applied to evaluate the cognitive development.

Results: The mean age of the subjects included in the study was 16.33±0.307 years. It was determined that the mean age at which they were married unofficially was 15.44±0.499 years. It was observed that the average education period was 5.08±1.461 years. Before the unofficial marriage, 70.8% of the cases lived in the village and 29.2% in the city, after the marriage, 53.8% of the cases lived in the village and 46.2% in the city. It has been determined that 27.7% of unofficial marriages are consanguineous marriages. It was determined that the mean age of the children of the patients when they applied to the clinic was 4.05±3,701 months.

Conclusion: Girls who married early and gave birth before the age of 18, ıt reveals that their education period is short, their socioeconomic level is low, the age gap with their spouses is high, and their spouses' job opportunities are limited. The development of intervention programs and legal regulations aimed at preventing early marriages may contribute to the prevention of both adolescent marriages and the negative consequences of being an adolescent mother.

Objective: To determine the effect of COVID-19 infection on anxiety level in pregnant women.

Material and Methods: In this study, a questionnaire and Beck anxiety scale were applied to pregnant women who referred to outpatient clinic for routine pregnancy control in June 2020 to determine their concerns that may be related to COVID-19. Pregnant women admitted with obstetric emergencies and obstetric risk were not included in the study.

Results: 177 pregnant women were included in the study and the pregnant women were divided into four groups according to their score on Beck anxiety scale. Anxiety level of pregnant women was 44.6%. The possibility of not being with his family at the time of birth and the fear of death due to COVID-19 were statistically significantly associated with higher anxiety levels.

Conclusions: In this process, it is important to provide psychosocial support in addition to the follow-up of pregnant women by a multidisciplinary team consisting of perinatology, newborn and intensive care specialists.