To evaluate the five year survival outcomes of breast cancer patients treated at our department and to assess the prognostic factors that affect survival parameters. All patients underwent our department’s routine procedure for breast cancer. All patients received RT to the breast or chest wall using 3D conformal technique with 2 Gy fraction doses, five days a week with two opposite tangential fields. If necessary, ipsilateral supraclavicular fossa field was added to the treatment field. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy was primarily used, patients with estrogen receptor- positive disease received hormonal therapy and patients with Her-2 receptor-positive disease received trastuzumab. The primary end points of this study were to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and the disease-free survival (DFS) of the patients. The secondary end points of this study were to assess the prognostic factors that affect the survival outcomes. Statistical analysis were carried out using SPSS Statistic program version 13. Between 11.02.2010 and 01.05.2016, 559 patients with breast cancer who had been irradiated postoperatively were included in this retrospective study. 2 and 5 year OS rates were 97% and 84%; 2 and 5 year DFS rates were 97% and 71%, respectively. According to multivariate analysis, ≥70 year, to have triple (-) hormonal status, to have T3-4 disease, to have N2-3 nodal stage and to have locoregional recurrence or distant metastasis were the independent prognostic factors that affect OS. Also, to have N2-3 nodal stage and to have triple (-) hormonal status were independent prognostic factors that affect DFS. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Its incidence has been increasing but mortality has been decreasing in the last 10-15 years. In the light of current treatment modalities, to know the prognostic factors that affect survival outcomes is very important for both choosing the most appropriate treatment modality and the prediciton of treatment response.

Lung cancer is the most common among cause of cancer deaths in worldwide. NSCLC represent between 80% to 85% of all the diagnosed lung cancers cases. Systemic chemotherapy for patients with NSCLC has limited impact on overall survival. Patients eligible for chemotherapy should be selected carefully. The aim of this study analyzed prognostic factors for survival in NSCLC patients. We retrospectively reviewed 741 NSCLC patients between 2000 and 2012. Ten potential prognostic variables were chosen for analysis in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify prognostic factors associated with survival. Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to determine prognostic factors. Among the 10 variables of univariate analysis, three variables were identified to have prognostic significance: performans status (PS), diabetes mellitus (DM) and stage. Multivariate analysis included the 3 prognostic significance factors in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazard model showed that PS was considered independent prognostic factors for survival, as were DM and stage. In conclusion, PS, DM and stage were identified as important prognostic factors in NSCLC patients. These findings may also facilitate pretreatment prediction of survival and can be used for selecting patients for treatment.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognosis value of tumor size and preoperative albumin levels in gastric cancer patients treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Patients and Methods: Patients records reviewed retrospectively. Clinicopathologic features were analyzed. 199 patients who applied to our clinic between 15.1.2010-31.12.2016 were included in this study. The primary end points of this study were to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and the disease free survival(DFS). Results: Mean follow up time was 20.43 months. Distant metastases devoloped in 50 patients and 102 patients were alive. In multivariate analyses , advanced T stage, history of smoking, preoperative albumin level less than 3.5 gr/dl and tumor size more than 8 cm were found to have poor prognostıc effect on OS. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and tumor size were showed negative effects on DFS. For statistical analyses SPSS( statistical package for social sciences) 21.0 statistical package was used. Conclusions: Despite recent treatment modalities the prognosis of gastric cancer is still poor and novel prognostic factors together with the current ones may be helpful to predict decision of proper treatment modalities and survival of the patients

ABSTRACT

Aim: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN) is the necrosis of the bone and the bone marrow resulting from the injury or the occlusion of the blood supplying vessels of the femoral head. Specially it is seen in mostly young and middle aged individuals and requiring mostly surgical procedures. Despite all advances in the surgical procedures, still a high rate of the hip prosthesis is a requirement in the treatment. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) alone or in combination with surgery is reported to be effective in some clinical AVN cases. HBOT is also a treatment method which is used in ischemic diseases resulting from vascular injuries or occlusions. Enoxaparin is an antagonist of factor Xa which is found in the coagulation system. Beside its anticoagulant effect it has been shown that it has an osteopenic effect, inhibits osteoblast maturation and increases osteoclast activity in the bone.

Material and Methods: In this study effects of enoxaparin and HBOT were investigated in the treatment of experimentally formed AVN of the femoral heads of the rats. For this purpose, avascular necrosis model was applied to the left femoral heads of 64 rats and the results of the treatments alone and together were investigated.

Results: In this study results have shown that an increase in the new bone formation, and remodelisation with less changes in the cartilage tissue than in the controls. An increase in the necrotic tissue clearing rate observed in the HBOT applied groups. The best results were achieved with the HBOT and enoxaparin combined applications.

Conclusion: In this study HBOT alone, enoxaparin alone or combination of these two treatments have a positive effect in the experimental femoral head AVN and supporting the clinical studies in the femoral head AVN.

Keywords: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, avascular necrosis, enoxaparin

Abstract

Aim: Since clinical and prognostic heterogeneity is observed in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (‎DLBCL) patients, it is vital to determine its prognostic and predictive factors. The frequency of these factors varies geographically and ethnically. We aimed to reevaluate and discuss the prognostic and predictive ‎factors of DLBCL patients who have been treated with R-CHOP in our ‎center based on the WHO 2017 revised 4^th edition.‎ We also investigated the incidence of EBV in DLBCL-NOS.

Patients and Methods: Patients with DLBCL-NOS diagnosed previously in our hospital between 2007-2017 and treated with ‎R-CHOP were included in the study. We evaluated the expressions of CD10, CD5, CD30, BCL-2, BCL-6, MUM-1, MYC, LMP-1, EBNA-2, Ki-67, and p53, by immunohistochemistry, and EBV encoded RNA by in situ hybridization in 104 cases of DLBCL-NOS. The Revised International Prognostic Index (R-IPI) score and the overall survival time ‎was ‎calculated.

Results: The study included 56 men (53.8%) and 48 women (46.2%). The median age was 64.5 years. In 59.6% of the patients, the disease had a nodal beginning, whereas in 40.4% of the patients it had an ‎extranodal presentation. High ‎stage (III-IV) was present in 26.5% of the GCB subtype and 43.6% of non-GCB subtype (p=0.049). A high ‎R-IPI score was observed in 40% of GCB subtype and 54.5% of non-GCB subtype (p=0.028). Survival was significantly lower in the non-GCB subtype (log-rank test p=0.003).‎ The EBV frequency was about 3% as it is reported in Western populations. The frequency of DEL status was 8.7%, indicating that it was associated with inferior survival (p=0.045). De novo CD5⁺ DLBCL ratio as 13% and it was also associated with inferior survival (p=0.013).  We also found CD30⁺ DLBCL ratio as 11.5%, but we could not establish a significant relationship with prognosis.

Conclusion: DLBCL-NOS requires detailed subtyping and elaboration of prognostic factors. ‎The frequency of DEL status and De novo CD5⁺ DLBCL indicated that it was associated with inferior survival. However, we could not establish ‎a meaningful relationship of CD30⁺ DLBCL with prognosis.‎ Three EBV positive cases were identified and two of them were classified as ‘EBV positive large B cell lymphoma’ according to the WHO 2017 revised 4^th edition.

Keywords: Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma; Prognostic Factors; Survival

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the general characteristics, survival time and prognostic factors affecting the high grade glial tumor after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: Data of 166 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Included histopathologically confirmed cases were grade 3 anaplastic astrocytoma and grade 4 glioblastoma multiforme. Patients were treated with curative radiotherapy and simultaneous ± adjuvant Temozolamide. Results: 73% of the patients were male, 27% were female and the median age was 57 years. 21% were anaplastic astrocytomas, 79% were glioblastom multiforme. 40% of the patients were total, 49% of the patients were subtotally operated and 11% of the patients had only biopsy for diagnostic purposes. The median Karnofski performance score of the patients before radiotherapy was 90. 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy was applied to 37% of the patients, 63% of the patients were treated with intensity-adjusted radiotherapy technique. Simultaneous Temozolamide was administered with 92% of patients’ radiotherapy. The median follow-up time was 15 months. Overall survival rates were 82 months for anaplastic astrocytoma and 15.5 months for glioblastome multiforme (p <0.001). Overall survival rates at 1, 2, and 5 years were 77%, 59%, and 55% for anaplastic astrocytoma and 59%, 33%, and 4% for glioblastome multiforme, respectively. Median overall survival in patients aged <50 years was 39.3 months, while age ≥50 years was 12.4 months (p <0.001). Overall survival according to operation pattern was 33.2 months in total exposures, 13.8 months in subtotal resections, and 4.9 months in biopsies (p = 0.00). Overall survival was 8.1 months with a performance of <70, while overall survival was 22.3 22.3 months with ≥70 (p = 0.00). Overall survival was 12.9 months in patients who underwent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and 21.5 months in patients undergoing intensity-adjusted radiotherapy (p = 0.005). Overall survival was 7.8 months when applied to radiotherapy dose <60 Gy and 21.7 months when given 60 Gy (p = 0.00). Median survival was 18.4 months and 7.2 months, respectively, using concurrent Temozolamide (p = 0.03). Conclusion: In conclusion, the patient’s diagnosis, age, operative form, performance, radiotherapy dose, chemotherapy usage and survival were positive and our results are compatible with the literature.

Localized solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura is a rarely seen tumor of the pleura beyond It’s unclear histogenesis, differantiation, malignity potential, and clinical behaviour. They are usually seen in 5-8. decades and more than 50 % of the cases are asymptomatic. The most important prognostic factors are the size, cellularity, and resectability of the tumor. For these reasons in surgical treatment wide resection is advised. İn this article, two female patients who were 48 and 53 year-old are reported with the diagnosis of localized solitary fibrous tumor originated from diaphragmatic pleura. The tumors removed successfully and the patients did not have any complication postoperatively. Because of the rareness of localized solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura it is thought to be worth reporting.

Aim : İn this study vve aimed at determining the prognostic factors and some risk factors in perforating eye in­ juries which have important role in preventable blindness. Method: VVe retrospectively evaluated data from a total of 157 patients, admitted to Fırat University Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology with perforated eye injuries, betvveen 1994-1999. One or two surgical interventions were performed in ali cases. They were eva­ luated with respect to patients’ age, sex and occupation; etiology of trauma, affected tissue, accompanying pat- hological findings, performed surgical intervention, delay betvveen the injury and surgery, Vision level before and after surgery and complication. Result: Of the total 157patients included in this study, 77.7% was male; 22.3 % female; and mean age of patients was 25.25 (4-85) years old. Perforated eye injuries vvere frequently seen (40.1%) in young patients (0-12 years old). This ratio was found to be 19.1% in vvorkers and 15.3 % in farmers. Among the most frequently injured tissues, cornea vvas the first (62.4%) and knives and Sharp tools were res- ponsible from most of the perforations (22.9%). Of the cases 76% vvas received surgical intervention in the first 24 hours' period. Before operation, visual level frequently found to be betvveen perception and projection (15.9). Most frequent complication among the follovv up period vvas ubnormal shaped pupil (29%) and corneal leukoma (25.9%). Conclusion: İt is knovvn that in perforated eye injury treatments, prevention of injuries is more important th an cure. Therefore prevention al public health Services ar e essential. Our results suggest that, urg en t admission to the hospital and possible early surgical intervention is important determinants of visual prognosis after per­ forated eye injuries.

The treatment results of the 31 patients who were treated as a rause of sudden hearing loss and references were reviewed.

Acute pancıeatitis is the inflanırnation of this retcoperitoneal organ with various etiological factors varying in severity from slight edema tn peripancreatic necrosis that may deteriorate ta death. In this actiele, we eı'aluated the recolyis of 28 pa-tients with acute pancreatitis ı-etrospectively who adrnitted ta University of Selçuk. General Surgery Department, hetween .lanuaty 1992 and Novembeı-1995. Etiological factoı-s weı-e gallstone in 15, al-cohol in 2. lipe•lipidemia in one and pancreas head cancer in one. There was no identifiable cause in 9 patients. Six patients died of disease_ Three patients underwent lapaı-atomy. FollovıLtıp of the casus sho-wed good correlation with the lmrie prognosticcriterias tiCcriterias criteılas