Makale Arama

Introduction: Patients with neurological diseases may require intensive care support as a result of respiratory failure due to various reasons. Some of them benefit from intensive care supportive treatment while others continue to live as caregivers or need rehabilitation programs. It is important for the rational use of intensive care beds that the routing process to the palliative care, rehabilitation centers or discharge of patients with prolonged treatment in the intensive care unit should be managed well

Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data of our patients who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of primary neurological diseases in the intensive care unit and terminated with exitus or referred to home / palliative care between January 2017 and May 2018 with the permission (17073117-050.06 decision no) of XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX scientific studies committee. Patients who transferred to other clinics were excluded from the study. APACHE II/SAPS II scores, hospitalization day, mechanical ventilation time, tracheostomy and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy requirement, home ventilator supply and the situation of discharge from intensive care unit of patients were recorded

Results: A total of 942 patient files were reviewed retrospectively and 74 (7.8%) of our patients were neurological patients who were died or discharged to directly home\palliative care. Most of the patients in the study had severe dementia (30 patients, 40.5%) and fewer number of patients had ischemic stroke (21 patients, 28.3%). Sixty of the 74 patients (81.1%) died in the intensive care unit. Only 5 patients were transferred to palliative care (6.8%).

Conclusion: Increasing transfer from intensive care to palliative care is important for the effective use of intensive care beds. Therefore, it is suggested that intensive care patients should be evaluated periodically to be directed to palliative care

The aim of this proje is to compare the budgetary practice between the training and research hospital centers for the chest medicine and thoracic surgery, and to rule out the problems and the analytic suggestions of the performance based supplementary payment system. In this cross-sectional study, operating under the Ministry of Health 7 chest diseases hospitals and 4 hospitals of chest training and research hospitals, by examining the data on applications for payment of hospital performance assessed. The policlinic service was given to 28.783 patients per month at the 7 chest hospitals at which maximum number of patients are examined and maximum number of operations are performed and total of 604.461 medical examination points were obtained. The total medical examination/intervention point was found as 47 %. 32 policlinic patients and 1.310 performance points were calculated per day for each medical specialist at the second step chest hospitals. After all, the policlinic service was given to 38.962 patients at the 4 education and research hospitals and total of 818.928 medical examination point was gained on 2008 January. The ratio of total medical examination to the total venture point was found out as %36. 16 policlinic patients and 931 performance points were calculated per day for each medical specialist at the second step chest hospitals. At training and research hospitals; taking into consideration training activities and to be weighted total beds treatment services, different performance evaluation methods. should be used. A detailed performance evaluation would be useful in the investigation for both group of two hospital inpatient and outpatient treatment services

53 posterior lumbotomy was applied to 45 selective cases with different purposes between 1985 and 1991 in the Urology Department of Medical Faculty of Konya Selçuk University. As a result of the application in the selective cases, posterior lumbotomy was more adventageous in comparison Man the classical approach, because the postoperative complications an2I pain were at minimal level in the elimination of obstructive pathology in pelvis renalis, middle and upper ureter, alsa it early ambulation opportunity and incisional hernia were not develop.

The retrospective evaluation of 181 patients with cryptorchidism. and retractile testis was mode from 21.4.1983 to 22.11.1991 in the Urology Department of Konya Selçuk Medical Fakulty. In most of the cases, positive results were obtained in cosmotic respect without the requirement of microvascular surgery and testicular arter incision, but positive effect of orchiopexy to fertilization hadn't been able to determined because of the monitoring period.

Neonatal jaundice is usually a self-limiting benign clinical condition. International treatment guidelines to outline the borders of treatment of neonatal jaundice exist. The aim of our study is to evaluate the rationale of treatment guidelines for newborns admitted to the hospital for jaundice. In this retrospective study, the records of the cases admitted to the Newborn Intensive Care Unit between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2010 for neonatal jaundice were reviewed. Status of jaundice on admission were evaluated on the basis of hyperbilirubinemia treatment guideline. The newborns who had any clinical risk factor or additional problem for severe hyperbilirubinemia, and higher serum bilirubin level on admission requiring treatment were designated as “Babies Need to Treatment”, whereas the remaining as “Babies Need Not to Treatment”. Of overall 518 cases, 267 were boys (51.5%) and mean gestational age was 37.2±2.2 weeks, and birth weight 2988.3±617 gram. The number of patients admitted in consistent with current treatment guideline of neonatal jaundice was 391 (75.4%). The group of “Babies Need to Treatment” showed significant relationship with the male gender (p=0.03), whereas other parameters including gestational age, birth weight, delivery type, multiple gestation and consanguineous marriage were nonsignificant. We think that newborns with jaundice should be on close follow-up in order to prevent development of bilirubin encephalopathy, however unnecessary investigations and treatment should be avoided as well.

In this study, onset of the signs, diagnostic problems and first diagnosis of the bipolar type I patients followed up in psychiatry department of Selcuk University Meram Medical School Hospital were investigated. 179 patients who applied to psychiatry outpatient clinic of Selcuk University Meram Medical School Hospital, consecutively and diagnosed as Bipolar Type I according to the DSM IV Criteria were enrolled. The relation between the first diagnosis of the patients and their clinical course were investigated. 121 (67.6%) of 179 Bipolar I patients had different diagnosis at the beginning (34.1% depression, 24% schizophrenia and 9.5% other psychiatric disorders), BP-I diagnosis was established and mood stabilizer were begun with approximately 6.3 ± 7.4 years delay. Bipolar I patients can be wrongly diagnosed due to the different clinical symptoms and beginning of the appropriate treatments can be delayed. Delayed diagnosis can negatively affect the clinical course.

Aim: The late complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) threaten the eye and cause blindness. Therefore the early diagnosis has significant importance. Our aim is to evaluate the eye and cause blindness. Therefore the early diagnosis has significant importance. Our aim is to evaluate the value of Farnsworth-Munsell (FM) 100 hue test which is used for retinopathy diagnosis in DM patients. Material and method: FM 100 hue test was performed on, 186 eyes of 100 DM patients which were admitted to Ophthalmology Outpatient Department of Meram Medical faculty, Selcuk University and Turkish Diabetes Society outpatient department. Fort he control group 60 eyes of 30 healthy subjects were tested. The results were evaluated by quadrant analysis method. X2 test was used as statistical method and P<0.05 was accepted as significant. Results: When results were compared, there was a significant difference for the degree of the deterioration of the color vision in DM patients which was correlated with the progression and the duration of the disease. The dominant colour vision defect was blue-yellow type. Conclusion: It was concluded that, functional loss occurs before diabetic retinopathy lesions ocur and FM 100 hue test is a valuable method for early diagnosis.

It is important to take into consideration of patient expectations and satisfaction in terms of the best utilization of required components that are necessary for the development of health services. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of the patients’ satisfaction and detect factors affecting the satisfaction, who consulted to Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic in Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine. This study was performed on patients who were consulted to the Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic, at the Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine for time period of 4 months between November 2015 and February 2016. Within this period, 200 patients who applied to the clinic and accepted to participate in the study by approving informed consent form were included in the study. The survey form was filled by conducting face to face interview. The time duration between patients application to the clinic and their receiving anesthesia consent and ASA scores were recorded. Patient satisfaction coefficient was found as 90.32. Patients who indicated that they did not wait too long for the registration process and assay/analysis tests were 72% and 68.5%, respectively. 98% of the patients stated the physician and 96% of the patients stated the health staff were polite and respectful. The patients having university level and higher education illiterated lower satisfaction coefficients compared with the other levels of education (p = 0.01). The average time duration between patients application to the clinic and their receiving anesthesia consent was 3.00 ±1.014 hours. There was no statistically significant difference between the time duration for receiving anesthesia consent and the ASA score (p=0.08). It was determined that the patients who consulted to the anesthesiology clinic in our hospital had high satisfaction levels, and the patients with an education level of university and higher illutirated lower satisfaction levels compared with the other levels of education. It was concluded that studies that will shorten the waiting time for analysis / examination and the registration process would be useful to increase the level of satisfaction.

Stenoses of the left main coronary artery are considered as significant lesions that cause left ventricular dysfunction and increase mortality and morbidity rates. It has been demonstrrated that surgical treatment is better than medical treatment in these lesions. The early and mid-term results of patients to whom urgent coronary artery bypass surgery performed because of significant stenosis of left main coronary artery were investigated retrospectively. Between 2003 and 2004, 21 patients were operated urgently in our department. The mortality and morbidity rates in these patients were found in acceptable ratios. Urgent surgical revascularization in left main coronary artery stenosis is a safe method and can be preferred as a life saving treatment in such cases.

Cystectomy and urinary diversion (15 ureteroeu-teostomy, 16 Coffey, 2 uretero-ileal euienous diver-sion, 1 Koch pouch, and 1 bladder substitustion from descent colon) were applied to 36 patients be-tween March 1984 and March 1992 in the Urology Depertment of the Metical Family of Konya Selçuk Universty for the bladder turnor. The diversion meihods which were applied were compared with each ot her as their superiority and literature.

Abstract:

Objective: Our objective in this study was to present our four years of experience in laparoscopic surgery for urinary system accompanied by literature.

Material and Methods: Between January 2014 and October 2018, laparoscopic surgical intervention was made on urinary system for 97 patients in our clinic. 54 patients had right and 42 patients had left laparoscopic surgical intervention and 1 patient had radical prostatectomy. Patients were retrospectively examined for operation duration, average blood loss, intraoperative and postoperative complications, hospitalization duration and drain installation time after separating into two groups as right and left.

Results.

Average age of the patients was 44(16-67). Male/Female rate was 54/43. Apart from radical prostatectomy, 54 patients had right and 42 patients had left kidney laparoscopic surgical intervention. Average operation duration was 145 (40-210) minutes, average drain removal time was 3.1 (1-10) days, hospitalization duration was 3.4 (1-14) days and bleeding amount was 150(20-500) cc in all interventions. Lengthened urinary drainage was observed from the drain in one patient who had pyelolithotomy and one patient who had radical prostatectomy. When all interventions were considered, the average complication ratio was found 5.1%. No differences were observed in the parameters compared among right and left laparoscopic surgery interventions.

 

Conclusion: For a surgeon in the first learning phase of laparoscopy, choosing relatively simpler procedures in the beginning but passing to more complex operations without much delay may quickly shorten the learning phase. Through the selection of suitable patients and adequate equipment, laparoscopic surgery can also be applied safely in peripheral centers.

in this study, we rewieved 95 patients with uri-nary tract stone that had been treated in Dicle Univer-sity Medical Faculty Urology Clinic between the years of 1984-1988 and 136 patients with urinary tract stone that had been treated in Selçuk University Medical Faculty Urology Clinic between the years of 1983-1992. %73 of the patients were males and %44.5 of them were 0 to 5 years old. The stones were found mostly in kidneys (%53 .9) and bladder (%21 ). Urinary tract infection was found in %78 of the patients with stone. Causative microorganism were E.coli (%59), pseudomonas (%17) and streptococcus faecalis (%13.3). in order to show the relation between stone and infection, the patients were divided into two groups according to the existance of infection. The two groups were studied with respect to the age, sex, lo-calization, hiochemical analysis, pre and post opera-tion urine cultures. It is concluded that the above parameters were ef-fective in the development of infection in patients with urinary tract stone. It is also concluded that the infection site was not effective in the localization of the stne.

Regionally to determine cigarette smoking level and affecting factors in a population is an important part of fighting with cigarette smoking. In this study we aimed to evaluate the smoking rates, the factors effecting on smoking and to learn the knowledges about quiting in patients who applied Iğdır Government Hospital Chest Diseaes Department. 721 patient , 426 male ( 59,1 %) and 295 female ( 40,9 %) were enrolled in the study who applied to our hospital between 1 December 2008- 2 February 2009. All patients filled the questionnaire by acting face to face. Demographic characteristics and smoking condition were asked in questionnaire forms. 102 (% 14.1) of the patients were never smoking, 514 (%71.3) of them were still smoking and 105 ( % 14.6) of them were quited. Smoking rates were increasing with education level in females (p

Patients with acute rheumatic fever, who were admitted to Pediatric Cardiology Unit of Selçuk University Meram Faculty of Medicine, were studied ret- rospectively to verify the clinical and laboratory profile of the disease. 395 cases were identified among patients admitted to the present institution. Age on admission was 5-18 years (mean 11.3±2.8), they were 213 (53.9%) boys, and 182 (46.1%) giriş. Manifestations included carditis 70.3°%, arthritis 66.5°%, Sydenham’s chorea 22.2%, eritema marginatum 1 °%,subcutaneous nodules 0.7%. Pericardial effusion was occurred in 3.5°%. Mitral insuffi- ciency and aortic insufficiency and aortic insufficiency were occurred in 95.3°% and 46.4°%, respectively. The regur- gitation disappeared in 23.6°% and 33°% of patients with mitral and aortic regurgitation, during follow-up. The caus- ing recurrence was the non-compliance with penicillin prophylaxis.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare and fatal disorder characterized with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neurological symptoms, fever, and kidney failure. The reason of TTP and optimal treatment method of TTP is still unknown. However, today, therapeutic plasma exchange (plasmapheresis) and / or plasma infusion is considered as the standard treatment method for these patients. In this study, the clinical characteristics and outcome of 18 patients with TTP treated with plasma exchange at the Department of Hematology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, between 2008 and 2011 years were evaluated retrospectively. Among the patients, 6 were male, 12 were females, median age was 39 (21-66), 8 were idiopathic, 7 were postpartum, 1 was post operative periods of prosthetic operation, 1 was pesticide exposure and 1 was NSAII induced TTP. The first admission of patients were evaluated for symptoms and complete blood counts, coagulation tests, BUN (blood urea nitrogen), creatinine, LDH (lactic dehydrogenase) levels were performed. All patients were initially treated with a daily plasma exchange plus steroids, which was continued until the normalization of platelet count and the level of LDH. In this study, a total of 165 plasmapheresis procedures were performed to total 18 cases. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was used as fluid of replacement. Of the 18 patients, 15 were discharged with complete remission (n:12) and partial remission (n:3), and 3 had no response and died of progressive neurological fingings and acute renal failure. Untreated TTP has a high mortality that may be as great as 90%. However, the rate of this mortality is dramitacally changed with plasma exchange treatment. As a result, today, plasma exchange is the most effective treatment available for treatment of TTP.

Aim: To assess the optimum efficacy and neurological side effect(s) of antihyperlipidemic drug regimens in dyslipidemic adult patients. Material and Method: Fotry-two male, eighty-seven female; totally 129 dyslipidemic patients, 37 to 77 years of age who admitted to neurology and cardiology out-patient clinics were eligible for our study. All of the patients were recommended to reach an ideal body weight and to maintain a standard low-lipid diet. Patients were divided into 5 subgroups and were assigned to receive commonly used antihyperlipidemic agents; low-dose atorvastatin (10 mg), pravastatin (10 mg), simvastatin (10 mg), fenofibrate (200 mg) and a combination of fenofibrate and atorvastatin regimen. Neurological examination was evaluated besides fasting plasma lipid profile and muscle enzyme levels at 0, 3, 6 and 12-month intervals. Electroneuromyography (ENMG) was performed in patients having neurological complaint(s), finding(s) and/or elevated muscle enzyme levels after drug administration. Results: According to ATP III criteria, in the second 6-month period, fenofibrate effectively improved the triglyceride profile in patients with high and borderline plasma lipid levels versus pravastatin therapy. In the first 3-month period, atorvastatin significanty improved LDL-C levels versus fenofibrate. In the first 6-month period, pravastatin caused a marked elevation of creatinine kinase levels versus atorvastatin. Among all the drugs, no other differences were observed either on lipid or on side effect profiles. No pathological findings were observed in patients who underwent ENMG. Conclusion: For the first year, low-dose antihyperlidemic agents have mostly similar efficacy profiles. Encountered side effects are; myalgia and elevated serum creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels at a range of 4-68 %. CPK elevations did not exceed to 3 to 10 times as reported in the literature with any of the drugs. In spite of myopathic changes in ENMG, myalgia was commonly reported. In conclusion we suggest that, patients at hig-risk, represent a suitable group for prolonged statin treatment with regular clinical follow-up.

Stenoses of the left main coronary artery are considered as significant lesions that cause left ventricular dysfunction and increase mortality and morbidity rates. It has been demonstrrated that surgical treatment is better than medical treatment in these lesions. The early and mid-term results of patients to whom urgent coronary artery bypass surgery performed because of significant stenosis of left main coronary artery were investigated retrospectively. Between 2003 and 2004, 21 patients were operated urgently in our department. The mortality and morbidity rates in these patients were found in acceptable ratios. Urgent surgical revascularization in left main coronary artery stenosis is a safe method and can be preferred as a life saving treatment in such cases.

Hellp Syndrome (Hemolysis-Elevated Liver enzymes-Low Platelets)is characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count, and related with an increased with an increased foetal and maternal mortality. We aimed in this study to evaluate the morbidity and mortality of 15 Hellp syndrome patients who have been admitted to our intensive care unit, between 2005 and 2009 years retrospectively. Patients ICU admission indications, demographic, clinical and obstetric data was noted down; hemoglobin, serum albumin level, prothrombine time ve active partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen level, thrombocyte number, total bilirubine ve creatinine levels, AST, ALT, lactate dehidroginase (LDH) levels were analysed. Intensive care unit(ICU)admission of Hellp sydrome patients were convulsion, loss of consciousness, airway control, invasive hemodinamic monitorisation, ARDS, intracerebral hemorrhage and respiration insufficiency During 4 day intensive care unit following of our patients, thrombocyte numbers began to increase from third day of admission. But this increament was statistically significant between admission day to ICU and fourth day. Again similarly AST, ALT, LDH, ürea ve creatinine levels began to decreased at third day and decreament was statistically significant as from fourth day(P

Aim: This study aimed to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients infected with the VOC 202012/01-B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2 and to compare these patients with those infected with other variants of SARS-CoV-2, in order to demonstrate the differences.
Patients and Methods: Records of 671 patients with VOC 202012/01 (B.1.1.7)(VOC+) who tested positive in the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test, between February 2–11, 2021 in Konya Province, and were found to have the VOC 202012/01 (B.1.1.7), according to variant analysis and 2284 (VOC−) patients who also tested positive in the PCR test between the same dates but did not have the variant (VOC−) were screened in the Public Health Administration System of the Turkish Ministry of Health, on February 24, 2021. Age, gender, hospitalization status, and admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) were recorded from the screening results.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between hospitalization status, according to the presence/absence of the variant (p= 0.234). Of the patients who were variant-positive and those who were not, 1.9% and 3.9% were admitted to the ICU, respectively. The rate of admission to the ICU was significantly higher for patients who were not positive for the variant as compared to those who were (p=0.013).
Conclusıons: In the light of the findings of this study, it is possible to state that SARS-CoV-2 VOC 202012/01(B.1.1.7) is not more dangerous in terms of hospitalization and admission to the ICU.

Aim: The clinical course of COVID-19 cases and the severity of symptoms vary according to the case.
However, it has been seen in the cases examined that it poses a greater risk for those with chronic
diseases and elderly individuals. In order to protect elderly individuals from COVID-19, governments
have introduced some restrictions. It is thought that the wrong evaluation of these restrictions may lead
to attitudes of ageism. This study aimed to determine the relationship between society's fear of COVID-19
and attitudes towards ageism.
Patients and Methods: This work is designed in descriptive type. This study was conducted with
volunteers between the ages of 18-65 683 people. The data of the study were collected using the Fraboni
Scale of Ageism and COVID-19 Fear Scale. Data were collected on 1-20 Jun e 2020.
Results: The mean Fraboni Scale of Ageism and COVID-19 Fear Scale scores were 67.87±6.15 and
18.81±6.16, respectively. The results showed a weak and negative correlation between COVID19 fear
and ageism.
Conclusion: In general, individuals had a positive attitude towards the elderly and had low levels of
COVID-19 fear.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the problems and progresses of esophageal atresia (EA) treated in our department for 20 years at a single tertiary center for pediatric surgery. The study used a retrospective chart review of infants diagnosed with EA between 1991 and 2010. Patients were divided into 2 groups as Group I (1991-1998) and Group II (1999-2010) according to the years of diagnosis. All patients were also assessed regarding the prenatal history, delivery method and time, time of admission, diagnostic procedures, time of surgery, surgical techniques, associated anomaly, complications, and mortality rates. Mean weight of the cases was 1960±5.35 gr when they were admitted, 75% of deliveries was performed in hospital and 25% was at home. 85% of the babies was in term and 15% was preterm. Prenatal polyhydramnios story was detected in 55% of babies. Mean admittion time of the cases was 5.9±1.42 days. Almost all the patients admitted to our department had prediagnosis. The associated anomaly rate was 39%. Patients in Group I were operated immediately, and the ones in Group II were operated in elective conditions after being stabilized. As surgical technique, primary repair and end-to-end anastomosis were carried out in most of the cases. Most common intraoperative complication was iatrogenic pleural opening. The most common early period postoperative complications were pneumonia and atelectesia; late complication was gastroesophageal reflux. Overall mortality was 56% and this rate was 76% for Group 1 and 45% for Group 2. Respiratory insufficiency, pneumonia, and anastomotic leakage were the most common causes of mortality. This retrospective study performed in our department showed that corrected intensive care conditions and the developments in surgical techniques decreased preoperative and postoperative complications and mortality rates in esophageal atresia, which was one of the most anomalies seen in newborns.

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is an infectious disease with a possible fulminant course that it is characterized by necrosis of the skin, soft tissues, fascia or muscle. Treatment involves extensive debridement and antibiotherapy. Although, debridement may not always be possible due to limitations in the administration of general and/or block anesthesia in some patients based on such reasons as overall health, bleeding diathesis or medications being used by the patient. There is limited information or studies exploring possible options in such patients, although those that are available support the lifesaving advantages of early fasciotomies performed under local anesthesia. A 76-year-old male patient was admitted with generalized edema to the right forearm and arm, erythema, and a lesion with a bulla and purulent discharge. An NF diagnosis was confirmed with a positive finger test and emergency surgery was planned; however, general anesthesia could not be administered due to the impaired overall health status of the patient, who was using aspirin, preventing blockage. Accordingly, the abscess was drained through arm and forearm fasciotomies that were performed under local anesthesia, and samples were obtained for culture.In conclusion, NF can be fatal when left untreated, while successful results can be achieved with early diagnosis, sufficient debridement and treatment with appropriate antibiotics. That said, drainage of the abscess through multiple fasciotomies can improve the laboratory findings and support treatment in NF patients who cannot undergo rapid debridement or can not tolerate general anesthesia. A fasciotomy may be performed as a supportive treatment prior to debridement in such patients.

In 1989, 200 patientes, admitted to ENT outpatient clinic with the cornpiani of headache were included in ihis researchment. Examinations and history in tetail taken from the patients and with the help of related clirtics the etiologic spread of headache was found out. in 85 cases headache was due to the pathology of the nose and the paranasal sinus. in 115 of cases, the cause of headache was attribuied to the other pathologies.

Diarrhea goes on to be an important reason of morbidity and mortality in childhood. Rotavirus infections are among the most common casues of severe gastroenteritis in infants and small children. Secondary bacteremia cases after rotavirus have been rarely reported. An eight month of boy was hospitalized due to rotavirus gastroenteritis and moderate dehydration. After his symptoms resolved with intrevenous hydration and probiotic sachet, fever and deteriotation in general condition were realized on the third day and sepsis was diagnosed. He was monitorized in Intensive Care Unit and started ceftriaxone, amikacine, and vancomycine empirically. His blood culture grew Klebsiella oxytoca which was sensitive to ceftriaxone and amikacine. Vancomycine was stopped and other antibiotics were given for totally 14 days. He was discharged when recovered completely. Bacterial sepsis secondary to rotavirus is an important clinical situation. Fever lasting more than 48 hours or fever rising after remission should be alarming. The importance of rotavirus vaccination should be emphasized because of its probable protective effects on disease complications.

Pulmonary embolism(PE) is a serious disease which is one of the most important reason of cardiovascular mortality. In spite of the fact that electrocardography(ECG) has a limited effect on the diagnosis and determination of the prognosis of PE, it is an essential method for clinically differentiating PE from other diseases that might be confused with PE, such as myocardial infarction(MI) .The aim of this case report presentation is to discuss whether this stuation might be a marker on determination of the prognosis.and the fact that PE could mimic the ECG findings of ST elevation myocardial infarction even though it is rare. Fifty six years old patient with acute renal failure and disorder of liver dysfunction, who had been treating in intensive care unit of internal medicine department, complained about chest pain and shortness of breath occuring on second day of his admission to the hospital. The patient was taken from cardiology department with anteroseptal MI prediagnosis after evaulation of the ECG demonstrating about 4 mm ST elevation in V1-V4 precordial derivations. Coronary angiography was performed to the patient being thought to whom primary percutaneous coronary intervention might be neccessary and there was not any lesion determined in epicardial coronary arteries. The parameters obtained from transthoracic echocardiographic evaulation of the patient was corcordant with the diagnosis of PE. It was understood from the imaging reports performed previously that trombus in vena cava inferior had been detected. The patient had cardiac arrest and died while he was being prepared for the pulmonary embolectomy operation after diagnosing of PE. The aspect which made our case report more attractive is that there were only various case reports published about PE in literature, which indicateST elevationmimicing anterior myocardial infartion. It is thought that this situation might be observed in PE and might guide for determination of the prognosis as well when this case report is evaulated together with the other ones.

Meckel’s diverticulum is a rare cause of mechanical intestinal obstruction in adults. Due to non-specific symptoms and preoperative diagnosis of this rare condition, surgeons should keep in mind. A 28-year-old male patient was admitted to our emergency department with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting for about 8 hours before onset. The patient was diagnosed as acute small bowel obstruction and underwent emergency surgery. At operation a torsioned ileum due to Meckel’s diverticulum 60 cm proximal to ileocecal valve and small bowel distention proximal to this site was seen. Ileum was detorsioned and Meckel’s diverticulum resection was performed. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 3. Histopathologic specimen were reported as Meckel’s diverticulum in 3x2x1cm size.

For 558 patients subcostal incison and for pa-tients lumbodorsal incisions were applied the Urolo-gy Depertment of Medical Faculty of Konya Selçuk University between 1983 and 1992 for different pur-poses. In the cases due to subcostal incisions 3% of them had hernia, 8% had a bulge as a result of den-nervation of lumbar muscles and pathology due to lumbodorsal incision haddi been observed.

Vitamin B12 deficiency may cause peripheral neuropathy and peripheral neuropathy is the most common cause of distal extremity paresthesias. The aim of this study was to determine the serum B12 level of the patients with complaints of pain and/or numbness/ tingling and try to demonstrate the relation between them. Patients’ files admitted to neurosurgery outpatient clinic were retrospectively analyzed. Serum vitamin B12 levels and the admission complaints of the patients were studied. A total of 289 patients with complaints of pain and/or numbness/tingling that serum vitamin B12 levels measured were included. All of the patients were evaluated by the same clinician. The serum vitamin B12 concentrations of 77 patients out of 289 were found to be below 193 pg/ml (mean 157.82±27.45). The total number of the patients with the complaint of numbness/tingling was 75 and the mean serum vitamin B12 level was 235.69±96.19 pg/ml, the mean serum vitamin B12 level of the remaining 214 patients was 285.29±124.50 pg/ml. Although these results were within the normal limits, the difference of the mean values of the two groups was found to be significant (t=3.136, p= 0.002). The low serum vitamin B12 level does not always correlate with the tissue insufficiency and also it’s serum level being normal does not indicate it’s being sufficient at the tissues. Vitamin B12 deficiency should also be thought at the etiology of sensory disorder, especially if the radiological findings are normal, even though in the absence of anemia and serum level being at borderline.

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is a rare disease that may lead to serious maternal and fetal complications. It is mostly seen in the third trimester and rarely seen in the postpartum period. The etiopathogenesis is not known. Multifactorial and genetic factors are thought to be responsible. The differential diagnosis include: preeclampsia, cholestatic jaundice and viral hepatitis. Treatment is supportive care following delivery. We presented a case of 21 years old, primigravida patient in her 34th week of pregnancy who had elevated liver enzymes, all other laboratory tests were normal on admission. Laboratory tests of the patient deteriorated within short period and acute fatty liver of pregnancy developed.

\r\nAim: Diabetes is a serious health problem which has increased rapidly in recent years and causes numerous complications. Vitamin D levels may be a contributing factor to the glycemic control. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels and glycemic control in diabetic patients.

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\r\nMethods: 330 patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2, who were admitted to our outpatient clinic between September 2015 and June 2016, were included in the study. Patients were stratified into three groups according to the vitamin D levels; ≤20 ng / mL, between 20-30 ng / mL and ≥30 ng / mL. These groups were compared in terms of patients' socio-demographic characteristics, blood parameters, diabetes-related characteristics, and diabetes treatment. Patients were categorized into two groups according to the HbA1c levels;  ≤7% and  ≥7%. The same parameters and vitamin D values were compared between two groups. All data were recorded into the SPSS version 21. Participants' demographic datas, percentage and frequency values, were tabulated. A p value  of <0.05 was the limit for statistical significance. 

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\r\nResults: A total of 330 patients (51.2% females, mean age 53,79±10,2 years) with diabetes were interviewed. When evaluated in terms of body mass index, 13.9% (n = 46) were classified as normal, 34.5% (n = 114) were overweight and 51.5% (n = 170) were obese. When patients were divided into groups according to vitamin D levels, 286 (86.7%) patients with a vitamin D level below 20 ng / mL and 44 patients (13.3%) with a level above 20 ng / mL were detected. When patients were compared according to vitamin D levels, there was a negative correlation (-r = 0.357, p <0.001, -r = 0.344, p <0.001, respectively) between vitamin D levels and patients' fasting blood glucose level (FBG) and postprandial glucose level (PBG). There was a negative correlation (-r = 0.433, p <0.001) between vitamin D levels and HbA1c levels. Negative correlation (-r = 0.131, p <0.05) was found between vitamin D and triglyceride levels.

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\r\nConclusion: Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with HbA1c> 7% (n = 191) when compared to those with HbA1c <7 (n = 95) (p <0.001). Vitamin D levels may be important in glycemic control of diabetic patients.

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Anal submucosal methotrexate was applied ta totaly 5 patients; one women and 4 men with transi-tional cell carcinoma which was evaluated that it was inoperable between the dates of july 1990 and july 1991 in the urology department of Konya Selçuk Medical Faculty. The aim of applying anal submu-cosal was to provide drug involments with high con-centrtions in the bladder rather (han its being system-ic by making use of the venous comminications between anal sanal and the bladder. CT, ultrasound and endoscopic examinations proved that these applications had been useful mark-edly. Any complications hadn't been observed due to drug applications on the application area because of injections.

Endometriosis is a common pathology in fertile women. Perianal involvement is rare and painful swelling is seen on episiotomy incision scars. Uncommon involvement of perianal region by endometriosis should be kept in mind in recurrent anal abscess. In this case report, we aimed to present a 35 year old woman with endometriosis mimicking recurrent anal abscess.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between hematologic diseases and SARS-CoV-2
infection in patients who have been been diagnosed with a hemat ologic disease after COVID-19 infection.
Patients and Methods: The ones who had a previously history of COVID-19 infection among the patients
diagnosed with any malign or autoimmune hematologic disease were evaluated between April 1, 2020 – April
1, 2021, retrospectively. The Patients who had the COVID-19 infection and the patients who had not were
compared.
Results: Twenty-four (7.8%) patients of 305 newly diagnosed who had a previously history of COVID-19
infection were determined. The most common diagnosis was non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in both of the groups.
Although it was not statistically significant, frequency of NHL and aggressive NHL were most common in
the patients with history of COVID-19 (25.1% vs 23.1%; p=0.143 and 66.6% vs 56.9%, p=0.094). The basic
hematologic parameters were similar between the two groups. The median time between COVID-19 infection
and the hematologic diagnosis was 4.1 (0.6-11.8) month; the minimum duration was in the patient with
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura and the maximum was the one with Multiple Myeloma. The median time
up until the diagnosis was longer in the malign group (4.5 vs 2.5 months; p=0.070).
Conclusions: As a result of the study, it has been emphasized that COVID-19 may have an etiological factor
for malign and hematologic diseases with autoimmune pathogenesi s.

A retrospective study was performed to investigate the mortality among the patients hospitalized in department of chest diseases Dicle University medical school clinic. The patients passed out in this clinic in the period from January 2004 to May 2009 were evaluated. It was determined that totally 4417 patients were hospitalized (8892 hospitalization) in this period and 384 (8.6%) of them resulted in death. The mean age of the patients was 66.8±15.3 and 92 (33%) were women and 187 (67%) were men. The principal causes of their mortality were pneumonia in 92 patients (33.1%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 87 (31.2%) patients, pulmonary cancer in 52 (18.6%) patients, tuberculosis (TB) in 18 (6.5%) patients, pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) in 18 (6.5%) patients and another diseases in 12 (4,2%). When the accompanying diseases were evaluated, no additional diseases were determined in 130 (46.6%) patients; 41 patients (14.7%) had cardiac disorders, 22 patients (7.9%) had cancers outside the lungs, 18 patients (6.5%) had cor pulmonale, 17 patients (6.1%) had neurologic disorders, 15 patients (5.4%) had renal diseases, 10 patients (3.6%) had diabetes mellitus (DM), 9 patients (3.1%) had TB and 17 patients (6.1) had unclassified disorders. In conclusion, we think that the knowledge about their mortality rates and the causes of mortality is useful for every clinic for their approach to the patients and considering the accompanying diseases is helpful to decrease the mortality

The purpose of the study is to discuss an atrial myxoma case, rarely thought for the differential diagnosis of dizziness, with the help of literature. A 65 year old woman patient was admitted to neurology clinic with complaint of dizziness that started four months ago. No neurological cause was defined as the result of the examinations and the patient was referred to cardiology clinic. After a detailed physical examinaiton, a huge myxoma that lead to obstruction on the left entrance and exit ways in left atrium was defined. The patient was recommended to have a surgical operation, yet she refused to do so. Dizziness is a frequently encountered clinical complaint. Since it may cause rare but serious clinical results, atrial myxoma should definetely be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis.

Coronary artery spasm is a special type of ischemic heart disease characterized by spontaneous episodes of chest pain accompanied by transitory ST segment elevations during the episodes. This syndrome may be associated with acute myocardial infarction, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, as well as with sudden death. Psychosocial stresses are also associated with an increased risk for acute myocardial infarction. We reported a 23 years old, male patient who applied to the emergency department for ongoing chest pain which had begun just after psychosocial trauma arising from heavy business tempo. He had neither ECG, nor cardiac enzym changes during admission, however acute MI with ST elevation occurred while following up period. There was no stenosis in coronary arteries on angiography. Given the typical symptoms, an ergonovine test was considered unnecessary. Administration of Ca-channel blocker and nitrates ameliorated his symptoms. The patient was prescribed a calcium channel blocker at discharge and has had no further chest pain. Finally, we thought that the cause of acute myocardial infarction for this young patient that occurred after vasospasm might be due to sympathetic hyperactivity and psychosocial stresses resulting from heavy work load conditions.

Background: We aimed to investigate the neurodevelopmental outcomes and school success of 11- to 12-year-old children born as moderate/late preterm infants and identify risk factors affecting prognosis.

Methods: Moderate/late preterm infants followed in the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2004 and December 2004 were included, and the children were examined again in our pediatrics outpatient clinic in 2016. Perinatal and neonatal histories were obtained from the hospital database. Physical growth characteristics were interpreted. Neurodevelopment was evaluated using the revised Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R). The Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) was also applied. The effect of socioeconomic level on neurodevelopmental outcome was examined. School performance was evaluated using report card grades.

Results: Forty-one children with a mean age of 11.6 years were evaluated. Risk factors associated with physical growth outcomes were maternal age of >35 years, fetal distress, and patent ductus arteriosus. Sepsis was associated with a decrease in verbal intelligence while periventricular leukomalacia had negative effects on both verbal and performance intelligence. Socioeconomic level showed a medium correlation with performance and full-scale intelligence. The intelligence quotients of the children with positive PSC scores were significantly lower.

Conclusions: Moderate/late preterm infants lag both neurologically and developmentally due to incomplete maturation of the brain and natal problems. Similarly, to early preterm infants, these children should be monitored for extended periods, and family support, rehabilitation, and special education needs should be met.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic characteristics, emergency care needs and prognosis of patients aged 65 years and older who presented to our Emergency Medicine Clinic with abdominal pain for a period of one year.

Patients and Methods: In this single-center, retrospective, observational study included patients aged 65 years and older who presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain between June 15, 2015 and June 14, 2016. The related variables were recorded from the patients' electronic and written files. The general patient population and the differences of variables in the 65-74 age group, 75-84 age group and ≥85 age group were investigated.

Results: A total of 1330 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 75.2 ± 7.2 years and 582 (43.8%) were male. While 58.8% of the patients were discharged from the emergency department, the most common hospitalization wards were General Surgery (14.1%) and Gastroenterology (11.4%). The ICU admission rate increased with age (p<0.001; 3.3% - 5.8% - 11.6%). The mean length of stay in hospital was 5.9 ± 7.1 days and the in-hospital mortality rate was 3.4%. While 50.1% of the patients in the 65-74 age group were discharged from the emergency department without consultation, this rate decreased to 36.6% in the ≥85 age group and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Abdominal ultrasound was performed in 34.1%, abdominal tomography in 20.0% and both of them in 7.5% of the patients.

Conclusion: The patients aged 85 years and older with abdominal pain are more likely to be characterized by more examination needs, more consultation needs, more hospitalization rates and higher mortality rates. Taking these differences into consideration during the management of the elderly patients with abdominal pain in emergency department will help to reduce morbidity and mortality rates while improving patient care quality.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in patients with psoriasis (Ps). One hundred and four patients who are following with psoriasis in Dermatology outpatients were included. The patients were examined for PsA according to Classification criteria for psoriatic arthritis (CASPAR). Psoriatic arthritis was determined in 10 (% 9.6) patients. The first presenting symptom was skin lesion in five patients. The most common type of skin lesion was plaque Ps both Ps and PsA. Peripheric joint involvement was detected in 9 patients. The most common manifestation pattern is oligoarthritis (4 patients), followed by polyarthritis (3 patients), spondyloarthropathy (2 patients) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) arthritis (1 patient). The psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was observed similarly in patients with PsA (4.92±5.3) and those without PsA (4.87±3.3). Nail involvement was significantly more common in patients with PsA (%100) than those without PsA (%53.2). As a result; the frequency of PsA in patients with Ps was found as % 9.6. Nail involvement was observed in all patients with PsA.

In this study, we evaluated throat cultures which come to the University of Selcuk Microbiology Unit among the dates 01 January 1991 and 31 December 1994. We researched the effective pathogen of thro-at infections and their isolation rates. From total 15510 throat samples, 13171 (85 %) of them were normal flora bacteria and 2339 (15 %) of the samp-les, it was isolated the effective pathogen mic-roorganisms. Most frequently isolated pathogens were found; 603 (25 %) Staphylococcus aureus, 569 (24 %) group A beta hemolytic Streptococcus and 345 (14 %) Non A Non B group beta hemolytic Streptococcus.

During nine years (1976 - 1985) 80 patients with upper extremity arterial injuries after shotgun, cunt trauma etc. were treated surgically. Earliest admission was two his and latest was 18 his. 66 of patients had uneventful recovery and 14 were palliated with acceptable results. This article emphasises the importance of such injuries and early admission to a vascular surgical unit.

The penicillinase activities of 120 strains of Staph.aureıts isolated frotn outpatients were detected fay rapid iadometric methods. 94 out of 120 Staphaureus strains was found ta have the enzyrne.

The elevations of serum creatine kinase myocardial bound (CK-MB) levels can be observed in children and suggest a myocardial injury. We determined serum CK-MB and cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I) levels in 30 asthmatic children to assess cardiac injury at admission for exacerbation and two weeks later. Twenty healthy age-matched children served as controls. The CK-MB levels in admission for asthmatic exacerbation were higher than control group and than the levels of the same patients after exacerbation (p<0.05). There was found to be a positive correlation between the CK-MB levels and respiratory rate and a negative correlation between the CK-MB levels and oxygen saturation measured at admission. The effective factors on CK-MB levels was found to be respiratory rate and oxygen saturation. However serum cTn-I levels were found to be normal in allpatients including those with CK-MB elevation. In conclusion, CK-MB elevation may ocur in children with acute astma attack related to the stress on respiratory muscles.

Despite advanced diagnostic methods, diagnosis of small intestinal tumors is hard and they are generally detected at an advanced stage. These cancers may form emergency cases that need to be addressed surgically like bleeding, obstruction, and perforation or insidious abdominal pain and weight loss. We present our clinical experiences and the short term results of 29 patients with primary small intestinal tumors who had undergone emergency surgical procedures. The data of these 29 patients treated at our clinic between 2005 and 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. Study parameters included the patients’ demographic, clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics. All the cases underwent emergency surgery. 16 of the patients were male, while 13 were female, and their mean age was 62 (35-80). Intestinal obstruction was detected in 19 of the cases, while perforation in 6, and mesenteric ischemia in 4. Tumors were located in the ileum in 14 patients, in the jejunum in 10, and in the duodenum in 5. The most frequent pathological diagnoses were GIST with 8 cases and adenocarcinoma with 8 cases. The most frequently performed surgical procedures were small intestinal resection and anastomosis. Four patients developed surgical site infection and three had anastomotic leaks in the post-op period. Mortality was seen in five patients in the early post-op period. Tumors of the small intestine are very rare. The findings are non-specific and advanced diagnostic methods are needed during the diagnostic process. They generally cause clinical conditions that necessitate emergency surgery. The timing of the treatment is a significant factor determining survival.

Aim: This study aimed to compare the anxiety and depression levels of the university student outpatients who applied to the dermatology outpatient department with anxiety and depression levels of the university student outpatients who applied to the other outpatient departments. Furthermore, anxiety and depression levels of these two groups, were compared to anxiety and depression levels of the university students (control group) who were healthy and had no physical problems. Material and method: We applied the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD)scale to 451 university students who came to dermatology outpatient department and 155 university students who came to the other outpatient departments (except fort he apply to the pyschiatry outpatient department) in the Health Center of the Selcuk University and 152 university students of control group, who were selected randomly in Selcuk University. The anxiety and depression levels of these three groups were established according to the total points of the anxiety and depression subscale of the HAD scale. The results were statistically assessed and examined whether there were significant differences between the groups. Results: In this study, anxiety and depression levels of the university student outpatient who applied to the dermatology and other outpatient department were found higher than anxiety and depression levels of the control group. The difference of anxiety and depression levels between the university students who applied to the dermatology and other outpatient departments were not significant. Conclusion: The anxiety and depression levels of the university student outpatients who applied to the dermatology outpatient department were found to be high. So the outpatient department doctors must take psychologic situations of their patiets into consideration.

Objective: The aim was to review the hormonal status, treatment and histopathological diagnosis of patients admitted to our endocrinology outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of adrenal incidentaloma.

Material and Methods:Between 2015-2018, 217 patients with adrenal incidentaloma who were admitted to the endocrinology outpatient clinic were included in the study. 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST), 24 hour urine free cortisol, 24-hour urine methanephrine and normetanephrine levels were evaluated in all patients.Patients who also have hypertension or hypokalemiawere screened for the plasma aldosterone/renin activity ratio. CT or MRI imaging properties of adrenal incidentalomas were screened.

Results: In the evaluation of cases; 180 (83%) of the masses were evaluated as non-functional and 37 (17%) as functional. Of the 37 patients evaluated as having functional adrenal mass; 10 (4.6%) pheochromocytoma, 5 (2.3%) Cushing's syndrome, 9 (4.1%) subclinical Cushing’s syndrome and 13 (6%) primary hyperaldesteronism were detected. In 180 patients who were evaluated as having non-functional adrenal mass; metastatic disease in 7 (3 non-small cell lung cancer, 1 breast cancer, 1 prostate carcinoma and 2 unknown primary cancer), myelolipoma in 4, ganglioneuroma in 1, hydatid cyst in 1, adrenocortical carcinoma in 2 patients were detected.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is not uncommon for adrenal incidentalomas to be functional. It may be malignant in some cases. For this reason, adrenal incidentaloma is a condition that should be examined both in terms of
functionality and malignancy potential.

Positive end expirium pressure(PEEPi) develops due to dynamic hyperinflation caused by increased airway resistance during the COPD exacerbations. This PEEPi causes muscle weakness and ventilation deficiency. It is thought that noninvasive mechanical ventilation(NIMV) helps the muscle to relax and provide a better feeling in severe COPD patients. In this study we aimed to evaluate whether NIMV has additional benefit to medical therapy in patients with nonasidotic COPD exacerbations. Forty five patients presented with COPD exacerbation were divided into three groups randomly. First group received medical therapy, second group received 2 hours of BiPAP in addition to medical therapy in the first day and third group received BiPAP for two hours in addition to medical therapy every day. The dyspnea scores and StGoerge respiratory questionnaire was applied. All patients underwent MIP, MEP measurement and 6 minutes walking test before discharge. While there was significant decrease in dyspnea scores obtained during discharge compared to admission scores in all three groups, no significant difference was found between discharge and 1st month control scores. Also, while significant improvement was present in StGoerge Questionnaire of first and second groups during hospitalization, no difference was present in the third group. The treatment options caused no significant improvement in the arterial blood gas(ABG) parameters in all three groups. We found that NIMV had no additional effect on hospitalization period, ABG and functional status of the cases admitted with COPD exacerbation, so NIMV had no place in exacerbation treatment of these patients.

It is aimed to determine of antibiotic susceptibility ratios and isolated bacteria in urine samples of Patients who admitted to urology clinic with symptoms of urinary tract infection in this study. Urine samples of 5162 patients who admitted to the hospital between July 2010 and July 2013 and have urinary tract infection symptoms were studied in order to evaluate cultures and antibiotic susceptibility test. All urine samples were inoculated on eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar and 5% blood agar. The isolated bacteria were identified by using conventional methods. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by disk diffusion method. The bacteria were isolated in 759 (14.7%) of 5162 urine sample. The most frequently isolated bacteria (62.6%) were E.coli in urine samples. Enterococcus spp. (10.8%), Proteus spp. (6.9%), Enterobacter spp. (6.4%), Klebsiella spp. (6%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) (2.8%) respectively followed these bacteria. While all isolated strains of Proteus spp. and Klebsiella spp. were susceptible to imipenem, Proteus spp. Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp. susceptibility percentage to ampicillin and sefalotin with the least of susceptibility ratio were observed to be 73% to 59.4% respectively. While all isolated strains of Enterococcus spp. were susceptible to linezolid, resistance ratio of nitrofurantoin, penicillin, and erythromycin were found to be 7.6%, 17.0%, and 28.3% respectively. In the treatment of urinary tract infections, it is concluded that the antibiotics treatment should be ordered according to performed culture and sensitivity tests to prevent the development of resistance and choosing of narrow-spectrum antibiotics in treatment should be more useful.

Tuberculosis is still an important public health problem in the World, especially, in undeveloped and developing countries. In this study, the primary diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis was reported from a 14 months old female patient. The patient applied to our clinic with complaints of refusing breastfeeding, fever, abdominal distention, vomiting and loss of weight, then, the patient was taken to emergency operation due to the acute abdomen. In the operation, cheese-shaped lesions on whole intestines were macroscopically observed. Its histopathological examination revealed intestinal tuberculosis. Tuberculosis treatment for patient who were not diagnosed in the early stage was lost. In this study, details related with clinical findings, diagnosis and curation were reported with the aim of making an awareness on this rare case.

2250 patients who vere diagnosecl calcilus stone disease admitted to the Urology Clinic of Medical Faculty of Dicle University, during a period of last 12 years (1970 - 1983), are presented. The patients with the stone disease are reported according to age, sex, localisation and region. Bladder stones are seen predoırıinanay in males, especially in, early childhood and common in our area.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. For many patients, maximal therapy for COPD produces only modest or incomplete relief of disabling symptoms and these symptoms result in a significantly reduced quality of life. Despite the high morbidity and mortality associated with severe COPD, many patients receive inadequate palliative care. There are several reasons for this. First, patient– physician communication about palliative and end-of-life care is infrequent and often of poor quality. Secondly, the uncertainty in predicting prognosis for patients with COPD makes communication about end-of life care more difficult. Consequently, patients and their families frequently do not understand that severe COPD is often a progressive and terminal illness. The purpose of the present review is to give knowledge regarding palliative and end-of-life care for patients with COPD. Recent studies provide insight and guidance into ways to improve communication about end-of-life care and thereby improve the quality of palliative and end-of-life care the patients receive. Two areas that may influence the quality of care are also highlighted: 1) the role of anxiety and depression, common problems for patients with COPD; and 2) the importance of advance care planning. Improving communication represents an important opportunity for the improvement of the quality of palliative and endof-life care received by these patients.

Aim: To compare patients applied with tracheotomy because of prolonged intubation before the COVID-19
pandemic and during the pandemic.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective examination was made of the records of 179 patients with a tracheotomy
opened following prolonged intubation in the Intensive Care Unit of Karaman Training and Research Hospital
between September 2018 and August 2021. The patients were separated into two groups as group 1 (n:80)
of patients with tracheotomy in the 18-month period before the COVID-19 pandemic (September 2018 –
February 2020) and group 2 (n:99) of patients with tracheotomy during the COVID-19 pandemic (March
2020-August 2021). The two groups were compared in respect of demographic characteristics, duration of
intubation, early and late complications associated with tracheotomy, and patient outcomes (exitus, discharge
to home, transfer to palliative and other wards).
Results: Group 1 comprised 45% females and 55% males and group 2 comprised 51% females and 49%
males, with no statistically significant difference determined between the groups in respect of gender. A
statistically significant difference was determined between the groups in respect of age and the duration
of intubation (p<0.05). Tracheotomy-related complications were not determined to be significantly different
between the groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The patients in this study with a tracheotomy opened during the COVID-19 pandemic were
observed to be younger than patients with tracheotomy applied before the pandemic. In addition, the duration
of intubation was determined to be longer during the pandemic t han in the pre-pandemic period.

Theree cases with colorectal invagination were pre-sented. Both of them were incarcerated and one strangulated. Different surgical intervention cases applied ta each other. There was no complaint in both cases before intussuception except one and there was a villöz adenoma in the apex of invaginated mass in one case.

Theree cases with colorectal invagination were pre-sented. Both of them were incarcerated and one strangulated. Different surgical intervention cases applied ta each other. There was no complaint in both cases before intussuception except one and there was a villöz adenoma in the apex of invaginated mass in one case.

Hypersensitivity pneumonia is an inflammatory interstitial lung disease caused by immune response due to inhalation of various organic and chemical substances. Bird fancier’s lung disease is a hypersensitivity pneumonia which develops in response to organic bird products. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is caused by many birds, especially pigeon. In the current case, the diagnosis was subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Thirty two year-old male was admitted to chest diseases outpatient clinic due to two months of effort dyspnea, dry cough, fever, sweating, fatigue and weight loss. The patient has a history of pigeon feeding. The patient was diagnosed as pigeon fancier’s lung disease by the help of the history, physical examination, pulmonary function tests, chest radiography and highresolution computed tomography findings, and he had prednisolone therapy. As a result, an early diagnosis and then early treatment after the necessary precautions are very important to avoid chronic progress of these diseases.

Aim of this study was to evaluate depression level of fathers whose children have monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis (pNE). Present study was a retrospective view of prospective recorded data. The multicentre study was conducted between April 2014 and August 2016, in family medicine, urology, and paediatric nephrology outpatient clinics and fathers of children with pNE were evaluated. We administered behavioural therapy with alarm device, first. Children who did not respond behavioural therapy were given oral/nasal desmopressin. World Health Organization quality of life (QoL) forms and Beck Depression inventory (BDI) were used for determining QoL and depression index of parents, respectively. A total of parents of 47 children including 21 (45%) girls and 26 (55%) boys with pNE were enrolled and evaluated before and at 6th month of the treatment. The mean age of children was 7.4±2.5 years. The behavioural therapy with alarm devices was successful in 29 children (61.7%). Additionally, 18 children (38.3%) received oral/nasal desmopressin. Only 3 boys were refractor to all treatments. Mean age of fathers was 29.0±2.2 years. Fathers’ BDI scores before and after children’s treatment were 17.3±9.8 and 15.7±9.2, respectively, (p<0.001). As a conclusion, anxiety scores were high in fathers of children with pNE. Treatment modalities could develop BDI scores in fathers who have children with pNE.

Aim: In this study, it was aimed whether biochemical parameters, vital signs and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio
(NLR) values could be used in determining the indication for intensive care hospitalization in COVID-19
patients.
Patients and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the emergency department
of a university hospital. Patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test who applied to our hospital on 1-31 July
2020 were included in the study. Laboratory results, demographic findings and clinical results of the patients
were collected electronically. The patients were divided into 3 groups as discharged, admitted to the service
or intensive care unit. The incidence and severity of symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory values, and NLR
values were compared between the groups.
Results: A total of 489 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the included patients was 48.69
+ 17.25 years, of which 260 (53.16%) were female. While 248 (50.9%) of these patients were discharged,
207 (42.3%) were taken to the service and 33 (6.7%) to the intensive care units. Age, heart rate, urea,
creatinine, CRP, D-dimer and NLR values of the patients admitted to the intensive care unit were higher
than the other groups, while oxygen saturation was statistically significantly lower in this group. Concomitant
systemic diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus, Essential Hypertension, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease were more common in those hospitalized in the intensive care unit. In multivariable analysis, oxygen
saturation (OR:0.803) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (OR:1.09) were found to be independent predictors of
the indication for hospitalization in the intensive care unit.
Conclusion: As a result of our study, we think that especially low oxygen saturation and high neutrophillymphocyte
ratio can be used in determining the indication for intensive care hospitalization in patients who
apply to the emergency department due to COVID-19.

Postburn contractures in the upper extremities limit the function of the hand and arm. A 25-year-old female patient was admitted to our outpatient clinic for contracture of the left wrist since the age of three. On examination, the patient had an extension contracture of approximately 120 degrees in the left wrist. The patient's contracture was opened with an incision and the defect was closed with an abdominal flap. We think that abdominal flap is a good alternative for the treatment of postburn contractures.

Noonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder that is typically dysmorphic anamolies at birth. In many affected individuals, this syndrome is associated with cardiac defects and a distinctive facial appearance. We aimed to discuss a different variant of Noonan Syndrome progressing especially with gingival overgrowth and dental anomaly in our cases. A 15-year-old female patient presented to our family medicine outpatient clinic with the complaint of growth retardation. The patient was diagnosed with Noonan Syndrome with phenotypic symptoms. Noonan Syndrome is one of the syndromes without any chromosomal anomalies developing with Turner-like phenotypic features. Gingival overgrowth and dental anomaly coexistence in addition to the oral symptoms that are likely to be related to the Noonan Syndrome was present in our case.Specifically, if there are accompanying symptoms and findings in cases with gingival overgrowth and dental anomalies as seen in patients’ mouth and teeth examinations, Noonan Syndrome may be taken into consideration.

Femoral shaft fractures are mostly seen in children and all cases of this condition require hospital admission. In school-age children (5 to 12 years), femoral fractures may be treated with elastic nails or spica cast. The current study aims to compare the outcomes of elastic nail to the immediate spica cast method for school-age children with femoral fracture. We evaluated the patients who had undergone immediate hip spica cast (IHSC as Group 1; n=31) or flexible intramedullary titanium nail (FITN as Group 2; n=31) for femoral fracture. Age, sex, cause of fracture, localization of the fracture, cost of treatment, times of hospitalization, radiologic and clinical assessment of femoral union, condition of the wound and soft tissue, times of union and walking were recorded. The mean followup was 58 (26-62) months. All fractures were healed. The time for weight-bearing and walking were shorter (39/52) in Group 2 than it was in Group 1 (52/63). In terms of cost, IHSC (114.99$) was cheaper than FITN (380.82$). Although IHSC is still a a widely accepted method of treatment, with the use of modern surgical techniques and implants, satisfactory outcomes of fracture healing can make FITN a better surgical option among all other treatments.

In this study: the effect of and tolerability to long actinz Verapamil SR 240 mg treatment on ',ordu, mild, moderate and malignant hypenension were in-vestigated.7'he drug was giyen orally once a day. If there was a necessity, a Jose o f 360 mg was used. At the end of Iliis study Verapamil SR 240 mg was found effective in most of thepaıients. Afier theVe-rapamil SR 240 mg treatınent, the patients diastolic blood pressure was ender 90 mın lig. Cardiac and ex-tracardiac tolercllıility to Verapamil SR 240 mg iher-apı. was excelknt. AV-block wasn't seen. In some of the patients, there were Side ellects such as headache, fiıtigue. flushing, nausea, vomiting and dizziness.

It is one of the most common and life-threatening complications in patients hospitalized in infectious intensive care units. Multiorgan failure is the most common cause of death in these patients and is mostly caused by infection (1). Studies conducted for ten years have shown that infection develops between 0/10 and 50% in these patients, depending on the type of units and the severity of the underlying disease (2,3). There is also a relationship between the duration of the head in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the risk of developing infection. It has been reported that infection occurs at a rate of 50% five days after admission to the ICU and 90% after ten days, 50-80% of these infections are caused by gram (-) bacteria and 20-40% by gram (+) bacteria ( 4.5).

Aim: Propofol is a frequently used anesthetic in outpatient anesthesia and pain is often experienced when propofol is injected. Opioids are effective in preventing the propofol pain injection. In this study it’s aimed to evaluate effectivity of sufentanil, a selective μ receptor agonist 5-10 times more effective analgesic than fentanyl, in propofol injection pain. Material and method: Sixty patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to one of two groups to receive either saline 2 ml or 5μg sufentanil before propofol was injected. Each patient was given one of these agents intavenous via 20 G cannula on the dorsum of the hand in 10-20 second. Then 5 ml propofol at room temperature was injected. Pain was assesed verbally and scored none (0), mild (1), moderate (2), severe (3). Results: There was no statistically difference in demographic datas between two groups. In saline group, the incidence of pain (% 80) was higher than in the flidsufentanil group (%46,7) the result was statistically significant (p< 0,05). Conclusion: Pretreatment with 5μg sufentanil was effective in reducing the propofol injection pain. So, we thought that sufentanil can be useful for preventing propofol injection pain.

Fever of unknown origin is defined as the following a temperature greater than 38.3°C (101°F) on several occasions, more than 3 weeks’ duration of illness, and failure to reach a diagnosis despite 1 week of inpatient investigation. Evaluation of patients with FUO is complicated because there are multiple etiologic factors and new ones are adding in literature every day. A 24years old man was performed contrast enhanced CT for FUO and abdominal pain, show trombus in portal vein and superior mezenteric vein. On examination, metiltetrahidrofolate reductase gene polimorphism is detected in the etiology of trombus. The patient’s fever and abdominal pain improved after 5 day treatment of Clexane 0,8 ml. A further doppler sonography show partial regression in trombus by which time the patient’s symptoms resolved. We aimed to present clinical and radiologic imaging findings in a case of portal and superior mesenteric vein trombus associated with MTFHR-C677T gene polimorphism which is a rare cause of FUO and we didn’t meet in the literature.

Abstract

Aim: Respiratory infections caused by PIV are related to major morbidity and hospitalization rates in infants and young children. The aim of the present retrospective study is to investigate the rate and seasonal distribution of PIV infections in pediatric patients with lower respiratory tract infections.

Patients and Methods: Nasopharyngeal swab specimens of pediatric in- and outpatients with the diagnosis of lower respiratory infection were collected from various pediatric clinics between January 2014 and December 2016. PIV types 1, 2, 3 and 4 were identified by multiplex real time PCR method.

Results: One of the four PIV types was identified in 224 of 1983 nasopharyngeal swab specimens of patients aged less than 18 years (11.3%). PIV-3 was the most common agent among the subtypes (75%) followed by PIV- 4 (15.2%). The rate of PIV-1 and PIV-2 were 5.8% and 4%, respectively. Of all pediatric patients, 75.9% were under 5 years of age. When the seasonal distribution was examined, it was determined that PIV-3 was frequently observed in summer (53.6%), whereas PIV-1 and PIV-2 were observed in autumn and winter months.

Conclusion: PIV-3 was the most common subtype. Prompt identification of PIV by multiplex real time PCR method would be very helpful for clinicians in the treatment and prevention of the respiratory infections caused by viral pathogens.

İn order to evaluate the role of C. pneumoniae infections in exacerbations of asthma in children and effects of clarithromycin therapy, 25 children with asthma exacerbation were enrolled in the study. Twenty-five sex and age matched children without any history of respiratory tract infection in last three months and atopy served as control group. Serum samples for the determination of C. pneumoniae spesific IgG and IgA antibody leves of C. pneu­ moniae were taken on admission with acute exacerbation and 4th and 12th weeks after exacerbation in asthmatic children. One serum sample was collected from Controls. Appropriate acute exacerbation therapy and clarithromycin 15 mg/kg body weight/day for 10 days were given ali asthmatic children. The prevalance of C. pneu­ moniae spesific IgG and IgA was similar in asthmatic children during acute exacerbation, at 4th and 12 th weeks after exacerbation and in Controls (p > 0.05). VVhen C. pneumoniae spesific antibody lndex values were evaluate in the asthmatic children after treatment, significantly decreases were detected in IgG levels (p<0.05). Our results suggest that C. pneumoniae infections is not an important cause of acute asthma exacerbations in children, however the antibody index values of IgG were significantly decreases with clarithromycin therapy.

Pressure ulcers, a major problem worldwide, cause morbidity and lead to mortality. We aimed to conduct a prospective study which includes incidence of pressure ulcer and risk factors for pressure ulcers in intensive care unit of neurology. Forty-six patients were evaluated according to National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel during the ICU period strictly. Age, hospitalization period, mean arterial pressure, pressure ulcer degree, hemoglobin and albumin levels, and comorbidities were evaluated. The incidence of pressure ulcer in neurologic intensive care unit was 15%, and hypoalbuminemia, low muscular strength, and prolonged stay in intensive care unit are significantly high in pressure ulcer group than the control group. Primer prevention of pressure ulcers is one of the major issues in intensive care unit, especially to prevent protein malnutrition.

This study was constructed on 103 middle ear drainage of 90 suppurative chronic otitis media patients who app-lied to the outpatient clinics of the Selçuk University Faculty af Medicine. Aerobic bacteria and mycatic cultures of middle ear discharges were taken from patients. Standart therapeutic regime (daily care and topical drops with an-tibiotics) was applied ta MI of the patients according to their culture-antibiogram. Some of the patients who are re-sistant this medication were undertakerı to combirıed otomycotic therapy. The results showed that suppurative chro-nic otitis media was a risk factor for otomycosis. It was indicated that the addition of antifungal drugs ta the conventional treatment protocol increased the recovery chance of patients who resistant to conventional therapy.

ABSTRACT

Aim: Sternal dehiscence is one of the most troublesome complications following cardiac surgery. Although it can be corrected by simple methods if detected earlier, treatment failure or delay in sternal dehiscence may result in mediastinitis, which is highly lethal.  In this study, we aimed to investigate alternative sternal closure systems, mainly sternal talon (STalon) and titanium sternal plates (SPlate). Patients and Methods: In between April 2015 and January 2018, patients with sternal dehiscence after any kind of open cardiac surgery were included in this study. These patients were retrospectively evaluated according to the their demographic data, risk factors for sternal dehiscence, type of operations, techniques used for fixation of the sternum, mainly focusing on the STalon and titanium SPlate fixation. Results: A total of 45 patients were taken into surgical correction because of sternal dehiscence.  Thirty-four (75.6%) of the patients male, whereas 11 (24.4%) were female. Mean time interval after the first operation to sternal dehiscence was 68.5 days (1-780 days). Mean body-mass-index (BMI) was 31.52 kg/m² (22.03-43.69 kg/m²). Before the sternal fixation, mean CRP value was 68.34, whereas it was 75.55 before discharge. Confounding risk factors were internal mammarian artery (IMA) harvesting for coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma, chronic pulmonary artery disease and advanced age. Mean post-operative intensive care unit (ICU) length-of-stay (LOS) was 5.02 days (1-29 days), whereas hospital LOS was 17.18 days (2-74 days). Early mortality was observed in 3 patients (6.67%). The first choice of operation was simple closure and/or Robicsek closure. Apart from simple and Robicsek closure techniques, sternal talon and/or titanium plates were used in 24 patients (53.3%). DM was found to be related to extanded total hospital LOS, ICU LOS, and postoperative time to discharge. DM also increased the risk of both superficial and deep sternal infection rates (p<0.05).  Conclusion: Ideal sternal closure should stabilize the sternum, be cost-effective and provide shortest hospital LOS with minimal post-operative complications. In patients with intact intercostal spaces, sternal talon may eliminate serious complications, such as cardiac rupture mainly caused by dense adhesions. Sternal plates are mainly effective in fragmented fractures without stable intercostal spaces. All patients should be individualized according to type of lesions and sternal fractures.

From stools of 113 childiren, who carne owing to complain of diarı-hoea to ouı- outpatient depaı-tment. microbiolojic cultures have heen made to identify the etiologic agent. From this cultures, 28.3 % Ro-tavirus has heen identıfied. The otheı- agents were S. typhimurium (10.6 %), EPEC (7 %), S. flexneri (2.7 %), Candida (0.8 %) and Giaı-dia (0.8 %). C jejuni has heen searched, but from nobody could be ide-ified. 83.2 % of this childı-en wer-e 1-12 monts old. In autumn, the incidence qf pathologic agents were sig-nificantly higheı- as in winter (p< 0.05). According to our fiı-ıdings, diarrhoea is stili an important di-sease among the childiren who are 0-2 vears old and the rotavirus is the most fi-equent cause of di-arrhoea rn childiren, specially in cold seasons.

Mesenteric cysts are rare intra-abdominal tumors. The goal of this study is to analyze the clinical symptoms and the pathological features of mesenteric cysts and the surgical approaches. The data of 17 patients who had surgeries because of mesenteric cysts between 2005 and 2012 at our clinic were evaluated retrospectively. Eleven (65%) of our patients were female, while six (35%) were male and the median age was 32 (17-70). The most frequently seen clinical presenting complaint of our patients was abdominal pain and abdominal mass. The mesenteric cysts were most frequently located in the small intestine mesentery (70.5%). The cyst sizes varied between 2 and 25 cm. The most frequently performed surgical procedure was enucleation (76%). While surgical site infection was seen in two patients, anastomosis leak was seen in one and this patient had loop ileostomy. The mean period of hospitalization was 8 (2-17) days. No mortality cases were seen in the post-op period. Mesenteric cysts are rare intra-abdominal masses. They can be seen in different localizations within the abdominal cavity. Patients are generally diagnosed by radiological methods. The rate of recurrence is low following total excision and it has a good prognosis. Although laparoscopic resection is a preferred method, physicians should secure total resection in malign cases and the cyst should not be perforated.

Aim: The prolonged process of new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and related restrictions cause
physical inactivity, fear of COVID-19, and fatigue in individuals. During the pandemic, kinesiophobia may
raise fear of death and physical inactivity in patients. However, kinesiophobia and its relationship with
physical activity (PA), fear of COVID-19, and fatigue in individuals have not been known yet, which was
therefore aimed to investigate in the current study .
Patients and Methods: Adult individuals (n=166, 36.3±15.37 years) were included in the study.
Kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia), PA levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-
Short Form), fear of COVID-19 (Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCS-19)), and fatigue (Numeric Rating Scale)
were evaluated remotely between 3 June 2021 and 30 June 2021 th rough an online platform.
Results: Of the individuals, 91 (54.8%) had a high level of kinesiophobia, 55 (33.1%) were inactive, 84
(50.6%) were minimally active, and 27 (16.3%) were very active. Kinesiophobia score was significantly
correlated with age, weight, body mass index, education level, and walking, total PA, FCS-19, and fatigue
scores (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Kinesiophobia and physical inactivity are prevalent in many individuals. Although individuals
have no disease during the COVID-19 pandemic, their kinesiophobia level increases as walking, physical
activities, and education levels decrease. Kinesiophobia also increases as age, weight, body mass
index, fear of COVID-19 and fatigue increase. Considering the negative effects of kinesiophobia and the
prolonged pandemic process, individuals should be urgently dire cted to P A counseling programs.

A 37 - year old woman was admitted to the co-ronary care unit (CCU) with the diagnosis of acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction. Three days post admission to the coronary care unit upon history of her menstrual status a pregnancy test was done and found to he positive. Her CCU care was continued and discharged without any complications. Her later phases of pregnancy was uneventful and underwent premature vaginal delivery at 8 months. This re-inforces the idea of close follow up of pregnant women with respect to possible angina pectoris if history reveals hypertension, diabetes. SMDking. overweight and other risk factors of myocardial in-farction.

Serum zinc and copper levels were investigated in 14 pituitary dwarfism cases and 14 control groups who applied to the Selcuk University Medical Faculty Pediatric Outpatient Clinic between July 1986 and June 1987. The relationship between the calendar age and bone age was examined. Zinc levels in patients with hypoglycemic dwarfism averaged 69.286-T 3.086 ugr / 100 ml., In the control group 79.429: F-3.291 ugr / 100 ml. found as. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. (P <0.05). Serum bacterial levels averaged 133.286-T8.754 ugr / 100 ml in the patient group and 100.813 = 7-4.845 ugr / 100 ml in the control group. found as. The difference between the two groups was found to be statistically significant. (P <0.01).

Epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that comorbidity rates in bipolar disorder are quite high. Obsessive compulsive disorder is the most frequently encountered anxiety disorder in bipolar disorder and its frequency is reported as 9-35%. The existence of comorbidity anxiety disorder affects sociodemographic and clinical features of bipolar patients. It has been reported that the response to the treatment in these patients is low, psychotic and mixed episodes are excessive, substance use and suicidal attempts are high and hospitalization rates are higher. Although comorbiditiy rates are high in bipolar disorder in the epidemiological and clinical studies performed recently, studies on sociodemographic, clinical and response to the treatment in comorbidity conditions are limited. In order to shed light to the issue clinical features and treatment process of a case with comorbidity of bipolar disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder has been presented. On the contrary to the facts reported in the literature, the case was presented since it was found interesting that obsessive compulsive symptoms in manic period were aggressive.

Time management and making a correct diagnosis are very important for survival of patients with altered state of consciousness. In our study, we aimed to determine the value of the infrascanner device, which is a non-invasive and a fast method in detection of intracranial hemorrhage. A total of 38 patients who had been admitted to the emergency department of our hospital with the complaint of altered state of consciousness were included in the study. The patients underwent investigations with regard to hemorrhage immediately after admission using the infrascanner device by trained residents of emergency medicine. 20 (52.6%) of the patients were male. The mean age was 51.8 years and the Glasgow Coma Scale was 10.6 (15-3). While hemorrhage was detected on cerebral CT in 22 (57.9%) patients, it was not detected in 16 (42.1%). In the infrascanner device examination, negative results were detected in 24 (63.2%) patients and positive results were detected in 14 (36.8%) patients. The sensitivity of the infrascanner device was found to be 63.6%, specifity was found as 100%, the positive predictive value was found as 100%, and the negative predictive value was found as 66.7%. The results obtained from the study indicate that the infrascanner device provided beneficial clinical data in addition to symptoms and neurological examination in patients who required further imaging procedures. The high specificity puts forth that patients in whom hemorrhages are detected using the infrascanner device, should definitely be evaluated with further tests.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the fetal echocardiography results of high and low risk pregnancies for congenital heart diseases in our clinic between June 2011-January 2012. A total of 351 pregnant who underwent a full fetal echocardiographic examination were included in the study. Pregnant women were classified as high and low risk groups according to their admission reasons. The two groups were evaluated for the type of congenital heart disease and its prevalence.The prevalence of congenital heart disease in high and low risk pregnancies were found as 16.7% and 5.7%, respectively. The most frequently detected congenital heart disease was ventricular septal defect. Self-admission (36.1%) was the most frequent reason in low risk pregnancy group, while maternal diabetes (8.9%) was the most common among maternal factors, polihydramnios/oligohydramnios in fetal factors (1.9%) and fetal anomalies in previous pregnancies (1.2%) in hereditary factors were common in high risk group. Fetal echocardiography is a useful technique for early diagnosis of congenital heart diseases, providing consuling for families and to prepare for the required interventions after the birth. Fetal echocardiography should be performed on high risk pregnancies. However, in low risk pregnancies fetal echocardiography may also be performed on selected cases.

Almost 80% of the population in their lives are confronted with low back pain. One of the most important cause of low back pain is lumbar disc herniation. Treatment of lumbar disc herniation is primarily conservative but progressive neurologic deficits or cauda ekina syndrome constitutes an indication for definitive surgery. Extruded lumbar disc herniation in our case, spontaneous regression without surgical intervention are discussed in the literature. 27 years old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of back pain. The patient has a a previous history of severe low back and right leg pain two years ago and surgery was recommended by an other neurosurgery clinic with the diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation L5-S1. The patient does not accept this surgery and the patient’s complaints were resolved with medical treatment and resting. At the patient’s neurological examination laseque test was bilateral negative and her motor and sensory examination was normal. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging has shown spontaneously regression of the previous extruded disc herniation and the patient discharged with conservative treatment. Emergency surgical indications of extruded lumbar disk herniation should be treated outside the impatient. Spontaneous regression of extruded lumbar disc surgery procedures without surgical initiative have been shown by this case.

The aim of the present study is to identify the diagnoses of patients who referred to a child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic. Medical records of 2109 patients referred to the Children and Adolescent Psychiatry outpatient clinic at Ordu States Hospital, between January 2012 and April 2013 were studied retrospectively. It was found that the patients were mostly male (59.6 %) and within 7 to 18 years of age (78.6%). It was also determined that 74.8% of patients had at least one diagnosis. The diagnosis rate of 44.8% in patients between the ages of 0-6, 84.6% of patients aged 7-11 were determined as 80.3% in patients aged 12-18. Of the cases, 9.7% were diagnosed with multiple conditions. They were mainly in the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) group. The most common diagnosis was attention deficit hyperactivity disorder followed by depression, anxiety disorders, enuresis and mental retardation, respectively. When the distribution of the diagnoses to sex were assessed, the most common diagnoses in boys are ADHD, enuresis, depression, generalized anxiety disorder and mental retardation respectively, they were ADHD, depression, generalized anxiety disorder, enuresis and mental retardation in girls. In our study, although the externalizing disorders are the most frequent diagnoses, there are differences between genders. The rate of comorbid diagnosis was found to be considerable. In the presence of comorbid diagnoses, the disorder is experienced more heavily and psychosocial functionality gets deteriorated. To know the most common diagnoses, diagnosis differences within genders and possible diagnoses for certain age groups will be useful for improving child and adolescent psychiatry services.

A rare cause of acute abdomen; appendiceal neuroma. Case report

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ABSTRACT

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    Acute abdomen refers to nontraumatic pathologies of abdominal origin which are characterized by sudden-onset abdominal pain. In most cases the cause of pain is a pathological condition requiring urgent surgical intervention. Acute appendicitis is the most common indication for surgical intervention in patients presenting to emergency department with acute abdomen. Obstruction of appendiceal lumen has been widely accepted as the precipitating factor in the pathophysiology of acute appendicitis. It usually develops as a result of food or feces particles entering into and obstructing appendiceal lumen, leading to inflammation and swelling of regional lymph nodes. Luminal obstruction results in overproduction of bacteria, excessive mucus secretion, and increased intraluminal pressure. Some studies in recent years have suggested a neural component in the pathophysiology of this condition. Such cases may present with various diagnoses such as obliterated appendix, fibrous obliteration, appendiceal neuroma, and neurogenic appendicitis. In this paper we present a case operated with the initial diagnosis of appendicitis and histopathologically diagnosed with appendiceal neuroma, a rare cause of acute abdomen.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical features and consultation process of the patients who
were consulted from the pediatric emergency department to the surgical departments during the pandemic
period, and to compare the findings with the data before the pa ndemic.
Patients and Methods: The research was conducted between 11.03.2020-11.03.2021 in the pediatric
emergency department of our hospital. The enrolled patients at 0-18 years of age were retrospectively
evaluated in terms of gender, age, diagnosis, consultation result, consultation response time. Our study was
compared with the prepandemic data between 01.01.2019 and 31.12 .2019.
Results: Of the patients; 42,4% were female and 57,6% were male. The mean age was 6,9±4,9 years. It
was determined that 27,3% of our patients were consulted to one of the surgical clinics with the diagnosis of
foreign body, 22,2% acute abdomen, 10.6% foreign body aspiration. It was found that 38,5% of the patients
were consulted to the pediatric surgery department, 33,9% to the otolaryngology department and 11,4% to the
thoracic surgery department. The mean consultation response time was 72,2±48,8 minutes. The distribution
of diagnoses, consultation response time, consulted surgical departments, consultation results by age groups,
and distribution of the consultation response times by surgical departments during the pandemic were found
to be statistically significant compared to the pre-pandemic pe riod (p<0,05).
Conclusion: In our study, it was found that the number of patients admitted to the pediatric emergency
department decreased during the pandemic period, the number of hospitalizations increased, the diagnoses
associated with trauma and close physical contact decreased, and the diagnosis of epididymorchitis increased.
In addition consultation response times were observed to be con siderably longer.

We presented a 5 monihs old rnale infant with prune belly syndrome and eınphasized the indications of operalive managernent.

The purpose of this study was to designate the prevalences of Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, HBV, anti-HBs, HCV, HIV among first trimester pregnant women and investigate the relationship between age groups, parity. This study included 2900, under 12 gestational weeks pregnant women, ages ranging from 16 to 45 admitted to Bayrampasa State Hospital obstetrics and gynecology outpatient department between November 2011 and February 2013. Toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, HBV, hepatitis B infection, HCV, HIV was studied in suitable pregnant women and results were analyzed. Age groups, gravida, parity number were questioned. The mean age of the pregnant women participating in the study was 27.78±5.57 (16-45), mean gestation was 2.21±1.39 (1-8), mean parity was 0.78±0.89 (0-5), mean gestational age on admission was 8±3 (5-12). Toxoplasma IgG, Rubella IgG, Cytomegalovirus IgG, HBsAg, antiHBs, HCV, antiHİV seropositivity were respectively 31.2%, 95.7%, 99.2%, 2.4%, 22.1%, 0.1%, 0%; and Toxoplasma IgM, Rubella IgM, cytomegalovirus IgM seropositivity percentages, were respectively 0.9%, 0.15%, 0.7%. Toxoplasma seropositivity rate is similar to Turkey data. Rubella seronegativity was found lower then the data of Turkey and with the prepregnancy vaccination this value can be pulled the level of European countries. The high level of CMV seropositivity in our study indicates the low socioeconomic status. HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HCV and anti-HIV levels were close to the average of Turkey. According to them, in addition to routine screening of TORCH, screening for HBsAg and anti-HBs appears appropriate, anti-HCV and anti-HIV screening is not cost effective.

The viruses that cause viral gastroenteritis can lead to sporadic and epidemic outbreaks in humans. Common viral enteritis agents are Rotavirus, Nörovirus, and Adenovirüs. In this study it was aimed to investigate viral agents in diarrheic patients in Konya region. From patient who has diarrhea and abdominal pain, 300 stool samples which sent from various clinics, outpatient clinic and intensive care units to central clinical microbiology laboratory of our Hospital, were included in the study. Of these samples, were 52 (17.3%) positive for Rotavirus, 8 (2.6%) positive for adenovirus, and 35 (11.7%) positive for Norovirus. while it was detected the highest positivity to Rotavirus in November and February; Norovirus was higher in August and September. Although the differences observed in seasonal and age group, viral gastroenteritis agents could be detected in each geographical region, and sometimes can cause serious infections up to death. For this reason, routine diagnosis of common viral agents of gastroenteritis must be available and should be used in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal infections in hospital laboratories.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the ratio of hepatitis A seropositivity in patients who applied to the outpatient clinics of of Pediatrics in Meram Medical Faculty of Selcuk University. Material and Method: 345 patients who applied to our outpatient clinics between December 2005 and June 2006 were included in the study. These children were divided into three groups as 2-6, 7-11 and 12-16 years, respectively. AntiHAV Ig M and Ig G were studied in all patients using ELISA method. The statistical analysis of the results was evaluated according to SPSS 10.0 program. Results: Positivity of anti-HAV Ig M and Ig G were found as 1.4 % and 28.7 %, respectively. When compared, hepatitis A seropositivity was significantly higher in children of school age than children under school age. Conclusion: Because hepatitis A seropositivity in children increases significantly with school age, vaccination should be recommended before school age.

Sociodemographic and clinical features of 226 children, who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of psychiatry department of Selcuk University for the first time, between september 1993-and september 1994. were analyzed retrospectively. The purpose of this study is to reveal the problems of an adult psychiatrist when he come face to face with the children in a condition where female. Most of the children were between 12-14 years old and were the first child of the family. The patients admitted to the clinic mostly because of their parents regrests. The second reason of admittance was other physicians consultation request for female, and legal report for male. The differance was significant (p<0.05). Main complaints were enuresis, mental retardation, con-duct disorder, developmental articulation disorder for males, and somatic. depressive and conversive for females_ The differents was statistically sig-nificantly (p<0.05). As a result, 226 first admissions to a clinic in-dicates the need to a child psychiatrist in this dist-rict.

Aim: It is aimed to evaluate the necessity of echocardiographic asssesment for the patients in whom the innocent heart murmurs are heard after the cardiovascular system examination. Material and Methods: The files of 466 patients, ages varied between 1 day and 17 years-old, who were performed echocardiographic assessment and referred to our Pediatric Cardiology Outpatient Clinic because of innocent heart murmur due to physical examination, electrocardiography and telecardiograpy between June 2007- December 2007 were evaluated respectively. Result: Patients who have innocent heart murmurs were not detected any important cardiac patology for hemodynamic physiology. Also, when the innocent heart murmurs is evaluated according to types, it is determinated that the most heart murmur is the innocent pulmoner murmur (47,4%). Results: In 69% of the patients who were performed ecocardiographic assesment, minor congenital heart anomalies were establised with any hemodynamic abnormalities and also 12% of them were given infective endocarditis preventive treatment. For this reason; it is determined to be suitable that echocardiographic assesment for the children who are reffered to our outpatient clinic because of heart murmur in physical examination despite the result of innocent heart murmur.

Endometriosis is the presence of normal endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Scar endometriosis is a rare pathology resulting after obstetric and gynecologic surgery procedures on abdominal wall which is not pre-diagnosed in differential diagnosis by general surgeons. Six cases referred to General Surgery outpatient clinic with mass on abdominal wall that have been totally excised and diagnosed as endometriosis in pathology laboratory between 2008-2012 , have been reviewed retrospectively with clinic, radiologic and pathologic findings. The presenting symptoms of six pateints were different; four of them referred with cyclic pain and swelling and two with nonspesific symptoms to general surgery outpatient clinic. All of the masses have been totally excised and diagnosed as endometriosis in pathology laboratory. Scar endometriosis should be considered in differential diagnosis of incisional abdominal wall masses in females referring to General Surgery.

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) is used widely in anesthesia practice especially in outpatient anesthesia. LMA has got some specific complications. These complication does not generally result in impairment of the patency of the LMA. In the case reported the patient bit the LMA during recovery and seperated it into two part. We were not able to open the patients mouth so therefore we administered propofol in order to open the mouth and take the part of the damaged LMA from the pharynx. The patient was easly ventilated with a face mask after placing an airway and the recovery was uneventful. We believe that it is important to place a small size airway near the LMA for preventing complications related LMA bite.

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine whether the timing of surgery in our elderly patients with a
diagnosis of hip fracture changed before and after the pandemic, and whether this situation caused an
increase in mortality .
Patients and Methods: The patients who were operated with the diagnosis of hip fracture between March
2019 and March 2020 in our hospital database were accepted as in the pre-pandemic period, and the
patients who were operated with the diagnosis of hip fracture between April 2020 and April 2021 were
considered as in pandemic period. Both groups were statistically compared in terms of age, gender,
waiting time for surgery , length of hospital stay and one year mortality .
Results: When the factors af fecting mortality were examined, the time elapsed until surgery significantly
increased mortality. While the mean waiting time for surgery was 27.6±19.4 hours in all patients, it was
25.7±19.1 hours in Group 1 and 29.6±19.6 hours in Group 2 and there was a significant difference between
the two groups (p=0.043). The cut-off value of the waiting time for surgery, which caused mortality, was
determined as “23.35” hours. While no significant increase in mortality was found in Group 1 (p=0.340),
the increased delay for surgery in Group 2 affected mortality significantly (p=0.027).
Conclusion: In this study, it was found that the increase in the delay of admission for surgery over 23.35
hours in the elderly population after hip fractures was directly associated with one year of mortality
and also we think that the waiting time for surgery in the pandemic conditions is one of the factors that
negatively af fect mortality in these patients.

Aim: Diabetes, which has turned into a pandemic in the twenty-first century, concerns all branches of medicine. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of diabetes unawareness by checking HbA1c in patients hospitalized in clinics other than internal medicine and evaluate the factors associated with them.

Patients and Methods: The study included 630 patients hospitalized outside internal medicine services at or over the age of 18 whose anthropometric measurements could be made. The sociodemographic properties and comorbidities of the patients were recorded. Their anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c measurements were made. Those without a known diabetes diagnosis but with an HbA1c value of ≥6.5% were grouped as diabetes unaware. The differences among known diabetes, diabetes unaware and no diabetes  groups  were examined.

Results: The study was conducted between 01.03.2017 and 31.12.2017. The mean age of the patients was 58.04±18.56, while 54.6% (n=344) were male. The number of the patients with known diabetes was 190 (30.2%), 396 (62.9%) did not have diabetes, and unknown diabetes was detected in 44 (7%). Among the 234 patients with diabetes, 18.8% (n:44) had diabetes unawareness. The rate of those under the age of 45 in the diabetes unaware group (11.4%) was higher than that in the known diabetes group (3.7%) (p<0.01). Again, the rate of the male sex was also higher among the same individuals (68% vs 47.9%, p:0.15). The rate of overweight in the diabetes unaware group (56.8%) was higher than those in the known diabetes (37.9%) and no diabetes (39.1%) groups (respectively, p:0.36, p<0.01). There was no significant difference among the three groups in terms of educational levels. The rate of comorbidity presence was higher in the known diabetics (89.5%) than the diabetes unaware group (75%) (p:0.01). All patients with diabetes were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. The male sex, age<45 years, being overweight and absence of a comorbidity were associated with diabetes unawareness.

Conclusion: Undiagnosed diabetes was detected in 7% of the patients. Among all diabetic patients, 18.8% had diabetes unawareness. Conducting diabetes screening with HbA1c in inpatients and paying special attention to those under 45, males, overweight patients and those without comorbidities may help detect unknown diabetes.

This study was retrospectively registered at the Protocol Registration and Results System (Clinicaltrials.gov PRS)  with the registration number NCT04694326.

in this study, the risks of emergency surgical procedures in elderly patients and the effect of surgery on the morbidity and mortality were investigated. The records of 884 patients, those who were 65 years old or elder, and who were operated on in the Department of Surgery, University of Selçuk beetwen May 1991 and April 1997 were analyzed, retrospectively. One hundred eighty three patients (20.7%) were operated on urgently and 701 patients (79.3%) were elective. The ratio of male ifemale was 1.9 (120M/63F) and the mean age was 72.3 (range 65-95) in the emergency operations. Most frequent reason for the emergency operations were intestinal obstruction (49 cases), acute mesenteric ischemia (24 cases) and pepic ulcer perforation (23 cases). Mean hospital stay was 10.8 days (3-51 days) in the emergency and 7.2 days (1-41 days) in the elective operation (p<0.0001). The mor-tality was 18.6% in the emergency and 3.4% in the elective operations (p<0.0001). There was no correlation bet-ween mortality rates in different age groups (p>0.05). The highest mortality was observed in intraabdominal abs-cess and in perforated gallbladder disease. Intestinal resection and anastomosis was performed in 55.9% of expired cases. The majority of the patients (70.6%), who had died, had coexisting cardiopulmonary diseases. The main causes of death in alt patients were sepsis and cordio-pulmonary diseases. The main causes of death in all patients were sepsis and cardio-pulmonary failure. In conclusion, age is not a contraindication for an emergency operation and does not affect mortality which appears to be directly related to the severity and nature of the di-sease and to the coexisting cordio-pulmonary diseases. For this reason, timing is very important in the operations of elderly patients, and it is wise to perform the most conservative operation in some severe surgical conditions.

Patients with isolated single coronary anomaly were retrospectively evaluated for clinical features, angiographic findings and treatment options. Medical records of 27714 patients, who had undergone diagnostic coronary angiography in Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Hospital between October 2005 and October 2008, were researched and 10 patients with the diagnosis of isolated single coronary artery were recruited into the study. The mean age of patients were 60±13 years (ranging from 33 to 77), 4 of them were men (40%) and 6 were women (60%); mean ages 49±14,5 years (ranging from 33 to 68) and 67±8 years (ranging from 60 to 77), respectively. The patient’s clinical and demographic features on admission, the treatment method used were recorded and the records of coronary angiography were examined again and were classified according to modified Lipton’s classification. Isolated single coronary artery anomaly was diagnosed in 10 patients in the group of a 27714 patients who had undergone coronary angiography. Single coronary artery was originating from right sinus valsalva in 9 patients (90%), and from left sinus valsalva in a patient (10%). Four patients (40%) had severe atherosclerosis and 2 of them had undergone coronary by-pass surgery. The rest of the patients were followed-up under medical treatment. Although isolated single coronary artery anomaly is a rare entity, in hospitals in which coronary angiographic procedures are frequent, its incidence is incidentally more common. In most of the cases clinical outcomes are well and medical treatment and follow-up is enough. In cases which we plan coronary intervention, clinical features, presence of the atherosclerotic disease and the type of coronary anomaly should be watched out.

Background and objective: Ultrasound (USG)-guided caudal epidural steroid injections (CESI) have the advantage of being more easily applicable without radiation exposure. However, there is limited evidence regarding their use in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, and no data is available regarding patient satisfaction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of USG-guided CESI on axial or radicular low back pain.
Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective case-control study conducted in an outpatient setting at a tertiary care hospital. Records of the 21 patients who underwent USG-guided CESI due to axial or radicular low back pain and had an assessment with a visual analog scale (VAS pain), degree of pain relief, patient satisfaction scale, sleep quality, and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) in the patient files or electronic database were included in the study between December 2022 and May 2023.

Results: There was a significant difference in VAS pain scores between admission and the 2nd week and between admission and the 6th week (p<0.001). The frequency of meaningful pain reduction accepted as more than 50% pain relief was 57.1% and 38.1% at the 2nd and 6th weeks, respectively. A significant difference was found in RMDQ scores between admission and the 2nd week, between admission and the 6th week (p<0.001), and between the 2nd week and the 6th week (p = 0.447). While 71.4% of the patients described poor sleep at presentation, this ratio was 19.0% and 23.8% at the 2nd and 6th weeks, respectively. While 91.5% of the patients declared that they were better in the 2nd week, 71.4% reported that they were better in the 6th week.
Conclusion: Ultrasonography-guided CESI is an effective treatment method for improving pain, sleep quality, and disability by ensuring high patient satisfaction in individuals with axial or radicular low back pain in a short-to-moderate-term follow-up.

Our case was pre-diagnosed with appendicitis but during the surgery it was seen that the patient had cecal diverticulum perforation. Further, as the dissection continued appendicitis with retrocecal subserous localization was identified. The goal of our study is to underline the possibility that appendicitis in a rare localization can be overlooked in patients diagnosed with simultaneous cecal diverticulum complications. Although cecal diverticulum is a rare lesion, there are some difficulties regarding its diagnosis and treatment since its symptoms are similar to acute appendicitis when there is a complication. It can hardly be differentiated from acute appendicitis through physical examination and radiological imagining methods are mostly insufficient. Therefore, patients are generally diagnosed intraoperatively. Acute appendicitis is one of the most frequent causes of acute abdomen. Appendectomy, too, is the most frequently performed surgery among intraabdominal emergency surgical procedures. A good anamnesis and a careful and sufficient physical examination are very significant in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Alongside these, various laboratory and imaging techniques can be utilized. Although the appendix can be seen in different localizations, the retrocecal site is one of the rare localizations among all. In patients presenting to the emergency departments with complaints of right lower quadrant pain, many diseases, led by appendicitis, based on the patient’s age and sex should be taken into consideration. The possibility that these diseases may co-exist should always be remembered and, therefore, intra-operational exploration should be performed thoroughly.

Evaluation of body temperature in a day period in Down syndrome children with congenital heart disease and comparison of results with control group. Fifty-one Down syndrome children with congenital heart diseases who were hospitalized and followed up in pediatric cardiology clinic because of various non-infectious etiologies between September 2010 and August 2011 were included in the study. The two control groups were selected from 26 non-Down children who had and had not congenital heart disease respectively. Sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and procalsitonine levels, white blood cell and platelet counts were determined in all groups during hospitalization. Humoral and cellular immune systems were evaluated in Down syndrome patients with recurrent and/or nonexplained upper and lower airway infectious. Body temperature was determined in all patients twice a day in morning, noon, evening and night. No statistical differences was detected between the groups according to sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and procalsitonine levels, white blood cell and platelet counts. Isolated ventricular septal defect is the most common detected congenital heart disease in Down syndrome patients. Body temperature measurements were statistically different in Down syndrome group than two control groups and it was detected that basal body temperature was higher during the day. Body temperature is higher in Down syndrome children with congenital heart disease during the day. This is because of the defect in hypothalamic temperature regulator center rather than the hemodynamic defect. For this reason the limit temperature of fever in Down syndrome patients should be different than healthy children.

The study on bladder turnors was carried Gut al the Dep!. of Urology of the two University's school of medicine. The patients 99 of thern were adtnitted to the Dept. of Urology, school of Medicirte, Dicle Universt, Diyarbakır from 1974 to 1982 and 91 patients were admitted to the Urology Dept. School ofg Medicine, Selçuk Universty Konya from 1983 to 1989. The bladder turnors were classified according ta age groups, occupotion, jobs, localsotion and histopathology of the lumors and therempoethic methods administered were evaluated according to the classification. Our work shows that iniiial treatment partiel systeotorny was replaced later an by threapy.

Initially extracmporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was used for mechanical stimulation of asy-stolic heart and was larer to be used routinelv for urinary and gall bladder stone extraction. Soıne re-ported preliminary studies imply that ESWL can be used to treatment pseucloarthrosis, delayed union. epicondilitis, tendinosis calcarea and prostetic re-vision. Between July 1994- October 1995, in de-partment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Me-dical Faculty, Selçuk University a study was undertaken for 5 patients with tihial pseudoarthrosis. For this purpose Dornier MFL 9000 lithotripter was used. An intensity of 20-22 kV. totalling 3000 pul ses were applied to the end of each fracture. Solid ttili011 was achieved on an average of 4 months (ranging 3-6 months). As a result of Iliis study, the technique ofkrs a potantial altrenative rreatment modality for cases for whom other techniques can be used with difficulty and for pseudoarthrosis which mav develop after opeıı fractures.

Mechanical ventilation (MV) is the most important part of contemporary critical care concept and one of the most frequent reasons for intensive care admissions. Currently, there is a tendency to use the mechanical ventilators in the intensive care units by pediatric intensivists. The aim of this review is to summarize the basic principles of mechanical ventilation in order to be applied when required by all physicians. There is an indication for MV when the spontaneous respiration is threatened to sustain life. Currently, the principal criteria to determine the need for MV is the clinical judgement of the physician rather than laboratory results of the patients. Some of terminology should be well- known to initiate the MV. The main difference between the basic ventilator modes ventilator’s ability to detect and and respond to patient’s own spontaneous respiration.

To evaluate symptoms and diagnosis of patients who presented to the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic. Medical records of patients admitted to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic at Selcuk University Meram Faculty of Medicine between 2002 and 2007 were studied retrospectively. When admisson complaints of cases were reevaluated the most frequent symptoms were nervousness, over-activity, ürine to miss, stuttering and feeling of distress. According to the DSM-IV diagnoses, 2082 (%86.8) cases had any psyciatric disorder. The most common diagnosis were anxiety disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, mood disorders, enuresis, relationship problems and mental retardation, respectively. Of the cases, 20.1 % were diagnosed with multiple conditions. The most frequent comorbid diagnoses were enüresis and depression. The most frequent comorbid diagnoses were mental retardation-enüresis and enüresis-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression-anxiety disorders. Approximately one-third of subjects were prescribed psychotropic medications. Our findings may be helpful in improving treatmentservices in child and adolescent psychiatry

Since the identification of SARS-CoV-2, a multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) that appears in
children after COVID-19 disease and mimics Kawasaki disease was reported in the UK in April 2020,
while it is associated with Covid-19 in adults. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-A) was reported
in June 2020. MIS-A patients have been reported to be up to 50 years of age in the literature and are more
likely to have some underlying health condition and have recently had an identifiable respiratory disease
compared to MIS-C. On the other hand, MIS-A patients and MIS-C patients have many overlapping clinical
features, but the severity of cardiac dysfunction, incidence of thrombosis, and MIS-A mortality may be
higher in MIS-A. While it is clear that neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia are common in
MIS-C/A, these features, together with elevations in troponin and BNP/NT-proBNP, have been considered
measures of disease activity .

Between april 1989 to july 1990. 15 male impo-tent patients who applied ta the hospital of Selçuk University were investigated at our eiınıc. Patknts were al ages of betwecn 18 and 65 (mean 37) 19 male between 18 and 62 years old were taken as control group (mean 36). Prolactin, (ola/ testosteron, FS1I and LH levels in the blood of male patients with impotence and control group were ıneasured at our hospital. Only FS11 was high in male impotent patients. In addition su.blingual temperatur and fossa navicularis tempera-ture were determined in both group but there was not an important dillerence. Pharmacocavernosography and poilısion pharmacocavernosography was made in a male patient with impotence, who had venous leaknge.

Aim: Hepatitis B virus infection is a very important health problem in our country. In this regard, we evaluated the children who were inspected in our outpatient clinics for Hepatitis B virus seropositivity. We aimed to join the children who were seronegative in the immunization program. Material and method: A total of 297 children between the ages of 3 months and 18 years who were inspected in the General Pediatric Outpatient Clinics of Meram Medical Faculty except for jaundice between July 2005 and December 2005 were evaluated. The children were divided into two groups as 3 months-7years and 8-18 years. After getting permission from parents, 3 cc venous blood samples were collected from all of the children. The serological markers of Hepatitis B virus were studied by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Method in the microbiology laboratories of Meram Medical Faculty. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 10.0 program. Results: Anti-HBs positivity were found in 143 ( 48,1 %) of 297 children. One hundred seventeen (81,8 %) of those children were vaccinated while 26 (17,5 %) of them had experienced the infection. Five children (%1,6) had HBsAg positivity. The ratios of children who were vaccinated were 66,4 % in 3 months-7years group and 11,0 % in 8-18 years group, respectively. The ratio of children who were vaccinated was 39,3 % in all children. Conclusion: Although Hepatitis B vaccination is a part of our National Immunization Program, the seropositivity of our region is not as much as it is expected. In this study, we found that the people in our region are not well-informed about the necessity of vaccination against Hepatitis B virus infection, and attention is called to the importance of our job in this point.

Migraine is a frequent headache disorder in the population. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to document demografic and clinical features of subjects with migraine headache who admitted to the outpatient department of a university hospital in Konya. The study included 206 patients diagnosed as migraine according to the 2004 International Headache Society criteria and 218 healty controls of identical sex, age, marital status and education level who did not suffer from frequent headaches other than tension type with a frequency of not more than once a month. Using a questionnaire, we evaluated patient demographics, characteristics of migraine headache, family history and associated symptoms in 206 migraine pattients. 173 woman and 33 men were evaluated. The male:female ratios of migraine patients were 1:5. The mean age at consultation was 37.02±10.40 years. Of the 206 patients, 64.4% met criteria for migraine without aura, while 35.4% met criteria for migraine with aura. Most of the women were of lower educational level. Approximately half of the patients had severe and more than 3 attacks per month. Attack treatment was used frequently. Result of the study confirm that migraine is a more common disorder in women with lower educational level. In additon; this article emphasizes the need for informing patients of the hazards of drug overuse.

This study was carried out on 1757 school boys in schools of central region and some villages in Konya, from November 1989 to May 1990. The genital organ anomalies in the boys were investigated. Of the 1757 reported cases 103 had genital organ anomalies, percentage was 5.86%. Crypthorchidism from testis descending anomalies (2.78%) was the most enconteced anorrıaly. 12 of the 103 boys (11.65%) wese treated due to their anomalies, These anomalies could be easily diagnosed on physical examination or even by parents. If genital organ anomalies can not be early diagnosed, ii rrıay be problem for family in the fiıture.

Febrile seizures are seizures that occur in febrile children between the ages of 6and 60 months who do not have an intracranial infection, or history of afebrile seizures. In this study, the children’s demographic and clinical characteristics who had hospitalized for febrile seizures in Antalya Education and Research Hospital (AEAH) were reviewed. 56 children’s demographic and clinical characteristics who had hospitalized for febrile seizures between September 2011- January 2012 in AEAH were analysed retrospectively. Analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 version. 23 patients (41.1%) were male, 33 (58.9%) were female , mean age was 26.8 months, mean duration of hospitalized days were 3.5 days. Fever source was upper respiratory tract infection in 44 (78.6%) patients, lower respiratory tract infection in 6 (10.7%), acute otitis media in 2 (3.6%), urinary tract infection in 1 (1.8%), acute gastroenteritis in 1 (1.8%), hand–foot-mouth disease in 1 (1.8%), roseola infantum in 1 (1.8%) patient. Lumbar punction was done in 2 (3.6%) patients, one of them had aseptic menengitis and other had normally cerebrospinal fluid findings. 34 (60.7%) patients had first attack, 12 (21.4%) had second, 5 (8.9%) had third and 5 (8.9%) had more than three attacks. 4 (7.1%) patient’s seizures who had first febrile attack occured more than once in a 24 hour period. 4 (7.1%) patients had complex febrile seizures, 1 (1.8%) patient had febrile status epilepticus. These results suggest that most febrile seizures are simple, good prognosis and mostly causes of fever is upper respiratory tract infection.

Chronic myeloid neoplasms are pluripotent hematopoetic diseases characterized by maturating and differantiating defects of bone marrow cells and reflecting to peripheral blood. We retrospectively analysed the clinical features of Philedelphia (-) 114 Chronic myeloid neoplasm diagnosed patients of Ege Universty Hematology Department Outpatient Clinic. 58 (49.1%) of patients are female, 56 (50.1%) of patients are male. The median age is 52. 39 of patients has policytemia vera, 23 of patients has primary myelofibrosis, and 52 of patients have essential trombocytosis diagnosis. The appealing sypmtoms are; for 29 of patients have weakness, for 29 of patients have ischemic symptomps, 11 have headache, 8 have pruritis and 3 patients have vertigo. 24 patients were diagnosed incidentally. The mean leucocyte value is 11.163x 〖10 〗^6±5600µL, platelet: 901.336±439.105/µ and hemoglobin:13.8±2.91 g/dl. 25.4% of patients had a story of thrombosis while the 74.6% not. 18 patients are under treatment with anegralide, 26 hydroxyurea, 8 acetylsalisilic acid other patients have combination treatments or under follow up without treatment. This study is one of the largest series in our country.

A 38 year-old-female patient found svvelling and an oppressive feeling in the left superior limb after effort was reported. Two days after the beginning of symptoms she admitted to our hospital and detail examination was performed. Diagnosis of thrombosis of the left axillary-subclavian vein was confirmed by venography. Anticoagulan and then antiagregan therapy was performed. Left arm symptoms of this patient were almost improved. The patient discharged on the 7 th hospital day with oral vvarfarin antiagregan therapy. 3 months after the onset of the disorder any recurrent symptom has not seen. İt was thought this was a rare case of primary subsclavian vein thrombosis (Paget-Schroetter Syndrome) caused by hanging the curtains.

Between the years of 1989-1993, 67 patient with ureteropelvic strictures have been treated in Konya Selcuk University, Urology Department.. We performed 30 dismembered pyeloplasty, 5 Foley Y-V plasty, 2 vertical flap pyeloplasty, 2 spiral flap pyeloplasty, 2 Heineke Mikulich procedure, 2 Davis' intubated ureterostomy and 24 endoscopic transluminal balloon dilatation. Transluminal ballon dilatation was successful approximately 67 percent of the ureteropelvic strictures for a year follow-up. If endourolgic treatment failed one of the open surgical procedures was per formed. As a result of the study, we believe that transluminal ballon dilatation is a good alternative to open procedures in selective cases

We investigated hypertension incidence among °at patients and the patients from the province in Konya. The first group included 1000 randomized out patients and the. second group included 2036 patients examined during health sereening studies in certain areas. We used World Health Organisation criterias for hypertension diagnosis. In first group hypertension incidence among patients under 45 years old was 22.5%, 46-60 years 44.5%, 61 years and over 60.3% and the mean 32.5%. In second group hypertension incidence among patients under 45 years oid was 14,2%, 46-60 years 42.2%, 61 years and over 44% and the mean 23,1%. The hypertension incidence increases gradually in older patients and most of them are mild cases, obesite and diabetes mellitus are important risk factors, cerebrovascular accident, cardiac and renal pathologies are the most common complications.

Black hairy tongue, also named as lingua villosa nigra, is a painless, asymptomatic, benign condition characterized by an abnormal brownish–black discoloration of the dorsal surface of the tongue caused by variety of precipitating factors. It usually appears in people over age 40 years with a history of poor oral hygiene, smoking and antibiotic use. Here we report a case of 65-year-old diabetic woman patient presented to our outpatient clinic with black hairy tongue. By means of this case, data about this disorder will be able to reviewed and reminded to be aware of this rarely seen disease in daily practice and advise to pay more attention to oral hygiene and brushing techniques that will help treating this disorder.

The electrocardiography (EKG) is a usefid di-agnostic tool, extensiyely used in either cardiac pa-tient or normal infrequent that abnormal changes are obseryed. When EKG'_ç of the elderly people, not as.sociated with a cardiac disorder, are examined. The this study 400 subjects, having been exa-mined in the outpatient department were involved. The ECG's examined, revealed nn overall «ab-normality rate of % 32. A : 53 abnoı-mality was ob-served. in cardiac patient, whereas %12 of normal subjects clemostrated an abnormal ECG. Moreoyer, these changes in ECGs were not associated with a pathological coııdition.

Several studies have shown that infarct size is re-duced after trombolytic treatement in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The present study was pelformed to compare clinical and laboratory results in acute myocardial infarction patients following ei-ther intravenous thrombolysis or plasebo in our Co-ronary Care Unite. We peiformed intravenous strep-tokinase (n=46) within 6 hours from onset of chest hain. Total hospitalization days were not changed between patients with thrombolytic treatement and Placebo (10±4 gün vs 11 ±5 gün, p<0.304, respectively). CK-MB started significantly to change after 6 hours (176±138 mgldl, p<0.01). CPK, reached its peak level within 12 hours after thrombolytic treate-ment. SGOT, SGPT and LDII begun significantly change within 18 hours after thrombolytic treate-ment. Cholesterol, trigliserit, LDL were not changed significantly. But HDL increased significantly in pa-tients with thrombolytic treatement within 18 hours after thrombolytic treatment.

The purpose of this study is to examine the in-cidence of sleep complaints and sleep disorders in patients with medical illness. We evaluated sleep complaints and sleep disorders in 92 outpatients by using a semistructured interview form and DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Forty patients (43.5 %) di-agnosed as sleep disorder due to a general medical condition (insomnia type). The incidence of sleep complaints varied from 29.3 % to 75 % in the pa-tients. We also examined the correlation between sleep complaints and independent variables. Age, gender. and duration of illness had significant ef-fects on the presence of sleep complaints. These fin-dings suggest that sleep complaints should be con-sidered in the assessment of the medical patients.

Aim: This study had been planned to detect the factors affecting the cost of care in intensive care units. Methods :Between 01 August 2002 and 01 August 2003 patient who stayed more than 48 hours in the intensive care units were followed. Results :The median value of cost was (3668 $). Cost was considered to be ‘increased’ if it was more than 3668 $. In multivariate analysis factors associated with risk of increased cost were hospital acquired infections (OR 4.2621 95% confidence interval 1.688-10.735 p = 0.002), being admitted for post opertive care(OR 2.746 95% confidence interval 1.086-6.947 p=0.033) increased length of stay (OR 3.807 95% confidence interval 1.510-9.597 p= 0.005). The invasive interventions ,severity of ilness scores (SAPS II and APACHE II) and age (>65) were not detected to be independent risk factors for increased cost. Conclusion : Infections, admission for post operative care and increased length of stay were found to be associated with increased cost inpatients followed in intensive care units.

Many patients admitting to ophthalmology outpatient clinics are suffering from watering eye. Watering eye may be due to hypersecretion but it may also be due to epiphora resulting from lacrimal drainage system obstruction or in adequate drainage. In patients with epiphora many tests has been developed to reach the diagnosis. When compared with the others, each tests has preferable and unpreferable aspects. We evaluated 100 eyes of 50 patients complaining from watering eye. In these patients we studied the sensitivity and specificity of the initial diagnostic tests in determining the site of blockage in the lacrimal drainage system. All patients underwent taste test, flourescein dye disappearance test, primary and secondary Jones test, lacrimal irrigation, canalicular probing, conventional dacryocystography and nuclear dacryoscintigraphy. Among the 100 eyes, 40 of them (%40) has abnormal lacrimal drainage system and 60 of them (%60) has abnormal lacrimal drainage system. Taste test, flourescein dye disappearance test and nuclear dacryscintigraphy were found to have high sensitivity and specificity value. However, the kappa agreement of taste test was lower than the flourescein dye disappearance test and nuclear dacryoscintigraphy (kappa

IVe evaluated the medical records of 26 patients vvith kidney injuries resulting from multiple trauma at urological department. The patients vvere classified as minör and majör depending on the pathological sign. 65.4% of the patients had majör renal damage vvere as 34.6% of the patients had minör renal damage. From kidney injuries 76.8% was blunt injuries. 88.8% of majör kidney injuries vvere associated with multiple organ damage. Surgical treatment's vvere used for majör renal traumas wereas only conservative treatment vvere used in management of minör renal injuries. VVhile emergency interferances vvere reçuired only due to early complications of multiple trauma like hemorrage and urinoma, and late complications like htfdronephrosis, hypertension and arteriovenoous fistulas.

As a result of the typing tests we performed on candida strains isolated from patients from our hospital's clinics and outpatient clinics, 22% of 50 candida strains were Candida albicans, 44% C. stellatoidea, 8% C. tropicalis, 4% guillermondii, 2% parapisilosis strain was determined.

STUDY AIM: In this study, it was aimed to identify the accurate and inaccurate conceptions among the society on COVID-19 disease, which is considered as a public health problem and has a high risk of transmission. 

METHODS: The research was performed online at https://docs.google.com/forms in May 2020. The questionnaire form was composed of 40 queries, which were on sociodemographic characteristics and COVID-19. Following the study, the answers obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed by inserting related data to the software of SPSS. 

RESULTS: Of 580 participants involved in the study, 363 (62.6%) were female. The median age of the participants was 34.0 (18.0-77.0). Of the individuals who completed the questionnaire, 342 (59.0%) were married and 438 (75.5%) were university graduated and / or postgraduated. Of the individuals included in the study, 497 (85.6%) stated that they watched television / news channels to be informed about COVID-19. Most of the questions related to COVID-19 were answered accurately by the participants. The percentage of the premise, which was answered most accurately, was 577 (99.5%), whereas the lowest percentage of the accurately answered premise was 137 (23.6%). It was found that there was a statistically significant difference among the genders in terms of the percentage of accurate responses to the conceptions (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION: It was determined that the vast majority of the participants utilized from at least one news resource on COVID-19. Participants typically have accurate knowledge about COVID-19. Educational programs can be planned to enhance the awareness of the society about the conceptions, which were answered mostly inaccurately.

The infections caused by human immun deficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B and C virus pose a serious occupational risk for the healthcare workers especially those in emergency service, laboratory and surgery wards. Vaccination and establishment of the strict biosafety procedures are the main principles to prevent bloodborne infections in healthcare workers. Additionally, serological screening of the preoperative patients could decrease the risk for exposure. In this study, we aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HBsAg, AntiHCV, Anti-HIV ½ in preoperative urological surgery patients. A total of 260 patients (184 (%70.8) male, 76 (% 29.2) female were included in the study. HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV ½ seropositivity of the patients admitted to Urology Clinic for elective surgical procedures between March 2008-December 2010, were evaluated retrospectively. Among all patients included in the study, a total of eight patients- six male, two female- were HBsAg positive and one male patient were positive for Anti-HCV. Anti-HIV ½ positivity was not detected. The seroprevalence of HBsAg and Anti-HCV were; 3.1% (n=8) and 0.4% (n=1), respectively in patient group. Although statistically significant relationship was not detected, HBsAg positivity rate was higher in male patients than female patient group. HBsAg and Anti-HCV seropositivity rates in our study group showed concordance with the low rates reported previously in our country. Besides educational programmes to healthcare workers about bloodborne diseases, vaccination against hepatitis B, implementation of strict biosafety precautions during surgery process considering any patients as potential carriers, preoperative serological screening of the patients should be useful to reduce the risk of occupational exposure.

Aim: Convalescent plasma (CP) therapy has been used for treatment, although it has not been Corona
Virus 2019 Disease (COVID-19) specific antiviral agent so far. However, the effectiveness of CP treatment
on prognosis and mortality is still a matter of debate. In this study, we aimed to share our experiences
about the ef fectiveness of CP treatment in COVID-19.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 126 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who received
CP treatment in addition to standard treatment between May 2020 and February 2021. 126 patients were
divided into two groups as those who underwent SP within the first five days (Group A) and after five days
(Group B). The patients in these two groups were evaluated in terms of laboratory parameters, clinical
and mortality.
Results: A total of 126 patients were identified (86 patients in Group A and 40 patients in Group B). 119
(94.4%) patients were discharged with recovery, 7 (5.5%) patients died. The mean days of hospitalization
were found to be 11.4±0.7 in Group A and 18.4±1.7 in Group B (p<0.001). Treatment-related lymphocyte,
PLT, fibrinogen and CRP main effect of change was significant (p<0.001). However, the results were
marginally significant when the two groups were compared in terms of D-dimer. When the simple effect is
evaluated; Group A as not significant, while group B was significant. Starting CP treatment 5 days before
or 5 days later did not change the laboratory parameters. However, D-dimer was marginally significant
(p=0.058).
Conclusion: In our study, it was shown that early initiation of CP treatment reduced the hospitalization,
but had no ef fect on mortality and laboratory parameters.

Aim : İn this study vve aimed at determining the prognostic factors and some risk factors in perforating eye in­ juries which have important role in preventable blindness. Method: VVe retrospectively evaluated data from a total of 157 patients, admitted to Fırat University Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology with perforated eye injuries, betvveen 1994-1999. One or two surgical interventions were performed in ali cases. They were eva­ luated with respect to patients’ age, sex and occupation; etiology of trauma, affected tissue, accompanying pat- hological findings, performed surgical intervention, delay betvveen the injury and surgery, Vision level before and after surgery and complication. Result: Of the total 157patients included in this study, 77.7% was male; 22.3 % female; and mean age of patients was 25.25 (4-85) years old. Perforated eye injuries vvere frequently seen (40.1%) in young patients (0-12 years old). This ratio was found to be 19.1% in vvorkers and 15.3 % in farmers. Among the most frequently injured tissues, cornea vvas the first (62.4%) and knives and Sharp tools were res- ponsible from most of the perforations (22.9%). Of the cases 76% vvas received surgical intervention in the first 24 hours' period. Before operation, visual level frequently found to be betvveen perception and projection (15.9). Most frequent complication among the follovv up period vvas ubnormal shaped pupil (29%) and corneal leukoma (25.9%). Conclusion: İt is knovvn that in perforated eye injury treatments, prevention of injuries is more important th an cure. Therefore prevention al public health Services ar e essential. Our results suggest that, urg en t admission to the hospital and possible early surgical intervention is important determinants of visual prognosis after per­ forated eye injuries.

This study was conducted in 29 outpatients with major depression according to DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria.

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the kidney function, hypertension development and
proteinuria in individuals with only one kidney .
Patients and Methods: The study included 96 patients who had previously undergone nephrectomy with
the causes of nephrolithiasis and chronic pyelonephritis-induced nonfunctional kidney, RCC (Renal Cell
carcinoma), trauma, and donor nephrectomy among 17800 patients who applied to the Siirt State Hospital
Nephrology and Urology outpatient clinics between January 2016 and December 2019. The data of the
patients were obtained from patient files database retrospectiv ely.
Results: A total of 96 patients, 45 female and 51 male, were included in the study. 23 (24%) of the
patients had donor nephrectomy (DN), and 73 (76%) had nephrectomy (DE) due to nephrolithiasis, chronic
pyelonephritis, trauma, and renal cell cancer (RCC). The patients were divided into two groups as those
who underwent DN and DE due to other etiologies. Between DN and DE group, there was no statistically
significant difference in terms of mean age, distribution of gender, presence of HT before nephrectomy,
DM, presence of hematuria and new onset proteinuria (P> 0.05). Compared to the DN group, the frequency
of new onset in CKD and HT development was significantly higher DE group.
Conclusion: Nephrectomy is a risk factor for the development of CKD, proteinuria and hypertension.
Therefore, preventive measures should be taken in a timely manner to reduce the prevalence of
nephrectomies due to benign diseases.

Hospital infections, hospitalization time. are acquired infections in (1, 7). The most common nosocomial infections are urinary system, surgical wound and respiratory system infections (1, 3, 6, 7). The causative microorganisms are mostly bacteria and generally aerobic gram-negative bacilli (1, 3, 5, 7). In its etiology; Factors related to the host, environmental factors and the resistance of the active agent to antibacterials play a role (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7., 8, 9, 10, 11, 12). The aim of the study is to detect microorganisms isolated from materials with suspicious hospital infection and their antibacterial susceptibility in Selçuk University Medical Faculty Hospital, urology, orthopedics and general surgery services. The causative agents found: 53.5% Pseudomonas, 13.9% E. coli, 9.3% Proteus, 9.3% St. aureus was 7.0% Klebsiella 7.0% Enterobacter. In the antibiotic sensitivity test results, resistance up to C92 was observed against some antibacterials.

İn this study, we evaluated urine samples of the patients who admitted to the microbiology laboratory of Selçuk University betvveen the years 1991 and January 2000. We determined the effective pathogens of urinary tract infections and their isolation rates. Totally 8901 (18.6%) effective pathogens were isolated from 47794 urine samples. Most freçuently isolated pathogens were E. coli (45.4%), S. aureus (11.4%) and Proteus spp. (10.2%).

Aim: Hypoxemia is a vital criterion used to determine prognosis in coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
cases. This study thus examined the effectiveness of capillary refill time (CRT) in defining hypoxiadependent
disease severity in COVID-19 patients.
Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted with COVID-19 patients and an agematched
healthy group. The optimum test ambiance was provided, and a stable smartphone platform
was used to record the measurements (in ms) to standardize our method. The captured videos were then
evaluated using a video processing program.
Results: In total, 39 patients with COVID-19 and 40 control groups participated in this study. The patients
were further divided into the moderate (n = 25) or severe group (n = 14) according to disease severity.
The mean oxygen saturation of both moderate/severe groups was above 94%. Per disease severity, the
CRT measurements were higher in the severe group than in the moderate group (p = 0.009). In patients
without lymphopenia (n = 18), CRT values were found to be increased in the severe group (p = 0.008).
The use of CRT in patients with Covid-19 was practicable (AUC: 0.91; 95% CI 0.848-0.978; P = 0.001).
Conclusions: Our results show that CRT prolongation can occur in patients with COVID-19. In patients
without lymphopenia and with normal O2 levels, detecting CRT prolongation may be a criterion for early
admission to ICU.

Aim: It is important to identify allergens in reducing disease-related symptoms and improving quality of life in the allergic diseases. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the frequency of aeroallergens in allergic patients in our region.

Method: 1078 patients (2-18 years) who applied to the pediatric allergy immunology outpatient clinic between September 2017- March 2018 were included to the study. The demographic and clinical characteristics of 642 patients with at least one allergic sensitization in the skin prick test were evaluated retrospectively. Total IgE levels, peripheral eosinophil counts in the blood, aeroallergen sensitivities in skin prick test were evaulated from the patient’s files. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Medical Faculty.

Results: In 642 of the patients (59.5%), a positive response was observed against at least one aeroallergen. Among patients, 34.8% had asthma, 73.7% had allergic rhinitis, 12.6% had atopic dermatitis, and 3% had chronic urticaria. 24.8% of the patients (159) had more than one allergic disease. When the evaulation of the patients with positive skin prick test, 57.3% were male and 42.7% were female. The mean age was 8.49 +/- 4.15 years. The sensitivity of house dust mites was the most common (76.1%). In the second and third frequency, molds (51.8% Alternaria alternata, 41.7% Claudosporum herbarum) and grass and cereal pollen (39.8%) sensitivity were observed. Other determined aeroallergen sensitivity frequencies were; weed pollen mixture (24.6%), trees pollen mixture (21.7%), cockroach (17.8%), cat hair (31.2%), olive tree (20%). The mean serum total IgE level was 215.6 IU/ml and the mean eosinophil count was 410.63/mm³.

Conclusion: Detection of responsible allergens is important to control symptoms and to give the chance the course of the disease with immunotherapy in the selected cases.

 

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is an acute abdominal disease which is age-related with possible bad prognosis; and while its morbidity and mortality rate is 10% in early diagnosis and treatment it may progress with 100% mortality when diagnosis and treatment are delayed.The aim of this study was to unearth the efficiency of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) which has recently been started to be utilized in the prediction of AMI prognosis and used as a prognostic factor in many diseases.

MATERIALS and METHODS:

The data of a total of 111 patients, who had undergone surgical procedures and diagnosed with mesenteric ischemia intraoperatively at Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical School’s General Surgery Clinic between 2005 and 2013 and whose diagnoses had later on been confirmed pathologically, were retrospectively evaluated within the scope of the study.

The demographic data of all patients (age, sex) were recorded. The hemogram results of the patients, analyzed with peripheral blood, were reviewed for preoperative evaluation. The surgical procedure performed, the part and length of the resected bowel based on pathology results, the duration of hospitalization, survey, presence of comorbidity, white blood cell count, creatinine values, and NLR of the patients were determined. The data were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS:

The patients who did not survive had a mean NLR of 24.77 ±10.38, while the same ratio was found to be 17.6±10.65 for survivors. The NLO value was found to be high in cases with mortality.

 

CONCLUSION:

AMI still proves to have high mortality in spite of the developments in imaging techniques and laboratory analyses. There is no specific laboratory analysis for early diagnosis. High preoperative NLR in patients suspected to have AMI may indicate bad prognosis.

Aim: Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) is essentially hepatopathic, there are many extra-hepatic symptoms that may develop with associated HCV infection. Of these, dermatological findings constitute a significant proportion of extra-hepatic symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate dermatological diseases accompanying to chronic HCV infection in our region. 
Patients and Methods: From a total of 2050 patients diagnosed and followed up for chronic HCV infection in the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Clinics in a 12-years period between 2008 and 2020, 394 determined with concurrent dermatological disease were included in the study. 
Results: Chronic HCV patients diagnosed with dermatological disease comprised 218 (%58.6) females and 176 (%41.4) males with a mean age of 56±17 years. In the patients with chronic HCV infection presenting at the dermatology outpatient clinic, pruritus was determined most (%18.5) and followed by contact dermatitis (%17.5). At univariate analyses female gender (p:0,005, OR:3,329, CI 95% [1,439-7,701]) and advanced age (p:0,013, OR:1,029, CI 95% [1,006-1,052]) were detected as significant variables of frequent dermatological diseases. The female gender ( p: 0,038, OR:2,682, CI 95% [1,054-6,826]) was detected as the predictor of most frequent dermatological diagnoses in chronic HCV infection at multivariate logistic regression analysis. 
Conclusion: The most common reasons for presentation of patients with HCV infection at the dermatology outpatient clinic were determined to be pruritus and contact dermatitis. The frequency and variability of the diagnoses seen in chronic hepatitis C patients after presentation at the dermatology outpatient clinic suggest the need for further studies in this area with more standardised patient groups using standard laboratory techniques.
 

Ahhough the inıprovements irt urologic re-urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common complication eneountered during the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury. In this study, we investigated the relationship bet-weeen urinafry tract infretion and level of lesion and methods of bladder drainage ir7 patients with spinal cord injurv (SCI).22 paraplegic patients followed in our ciiriic berween 1994 and 1997 were included in this study. I.rTI was observed in 68.1 pe• cent of the patients, Na significant relation was found between the incidence of UTI and the level of lesion and the meth