Makale Arama

 Primary Epiploic Appendagitis is a self-limited condition without need any surgery. It can be conservatively treated after diagnosis with Computerized Tomography. We discuss a healthy 36-year-old man who admitted to our emergency clinic with sudden onset abdominal pain.

\r\n

The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of CT area measurements in order to çuantify hypertrophy produced by exercise in quadriceps muscle in patient with osteoarthritis of the knee. Thirty patients with knee os- teoarthritis who diagnosed clinically and radiologically were divided into three groups each consists of ten sub- jects. The first group took part in isometric, the second group isometric Progressive resistance, and the third group Progressive resistance for 4 weeks. At the beginning and end of the treatment, computerized tomographic sections were taken from the thigh. One of the sections was taken from 10 cm above subpatellar margin for vas­ tus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM), the other from midpoint of interline betvveen umbilicus and subpatellar end for vastus intermedius (VI) and rectus femoris (RF). Cross-sectional areas of the thigh, quadriceps totally, and the heads of the quadriceps were measured. İn addition, the circumference of the thigh was measured ma- nually. İsometric exercise (IE) produced hypertrophy only in RF (p<0.01), Progressive resistance exercise (PRE) in VM, VL, and VI (pcO.OI), and isometric Progressive resistance exercise (İPRE) in VM and VI (p<0.01), and VL (p<0.001). İn cotralateral thigh, PRE produced more hypertrophy than IPRE. The resistance exercises were more effective to produce hypertrophy in quadriceps muscle totally. Only in PRE group, the increase in cross-sectional areas and circumferences of the thigh were statistically significant. We conclude that the CT techniques are ne- cessary to asses the degree of muscle hypertrophy, and CT measurements provide more useful information than manual measurements of the circumference of the thigh.

Objective: To evaluate the chest roentgenogram and CT findings of 63 patients with pulmonary hydatid disease. Methods: Sixty-three (27 female and 36 male, aged between 3 and 76 years) patients with surgically proven pulmonary hydatid cysts were included to the study. Chest roentgenogram and thorax CT were obtained from all the patients. Radiological features (number, localization, diameter, internal architecture) were determined. Results: On CT examination, 107 cysts were determined but on 78 of 107 cysts were detected on chest roentgenogram. Single cysts were seen in 36 patients, while multiple cysts were seen in 27 on CT. Eighteen cysts were larger than 10 cm in diameter. CT scan showed crescent sign (3 patients), water lily sign (9 patients), air-fluid level (11 patients), dry cyst sign (8 patients), and homogenous shadow (46 patients). In addition, atelectasis (n 17), pleural effusion (n 29), and pericystic infiltration (n 38) were also seen on CT. On the other hand, 58 cysts were homogenous and 20 cysts were rüptüred on chest roentgenogram. Conclusion: Although chest roentgenogram is helpful for diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid disease, CT examination must be done to evaluation nature and localization of cysts.

Eosinophilic pulmonary diseases (EPD) are defined as a group of diseases characterized by the in crease of eosinophils in the air way and/or lung tissue. While a part of the sedis orders mainly affects the pulmonary, others show systemic in volvement. Chronical eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) should be kept in mind in the existence of subacute or chronic respiratory and general symptoms, alveoler and/or bloode osinophilia and peripheral pulmonary in filtrates on chest radiography. A 53-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic with on going complaints of cough, occasional fever and malaise for six months. When two-sided apical, subapical and the infiltration around hiluses were detected on chest x-ray, the case was hospitalized with the prediagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Eosinophilia in hemogram, bilateral infiltrative lesions with irregular contours and bilateral cystic bronc hiectasis foci were detected on high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Bronchoscopy revealed purulent secretions and thick mucous in hibations. No specific etiologic cause was defined in the etiology, and the case wase valuated as CEP. Due to unusual bronchoscopic and radiological findings, the case was presented and discussed.

Objective: Purpose of this study was to use imaging methods which is cheaper and offering less radiation dousage for determination of alveol clefts. Fort his purpose, perapical and oclussal plane X-rays are used in this study, which are widely used by dentists for diagnosis of dental pathologies. Patients and methods: Elevenpatients with unilateral alveol clets was operated with seconder otogen iliac and allogenic cansellous bone grafts between 1998 and 2004. Bone defects was measured by NetCAD program with periapical and oclussal graphies pre operatively. Bone wax was used for per operative measurement and real size has been obtained. Late period control graphies was obtained with the same rontgenograms between post operative 6 months and 1 year. Lost bone volume and ossification were determined. Result: We think that periapical and oclussal graphies are easier procedures and may be used instead of CT for follow up in alveol clefts. Additional advantages are exposure to lower doses of radiation and low prices.

İn this article, CT features of 21 cases with be-nign and 21 cases with malignant pleural diseases were described. Features that are helpful in distinc-tion malignant from bening pleural disease were, mediastinal pleural invasion, nodular and more than 1 cm tickening in pleura. The specıficities of these findings were 77%, 93%, 100% and sen,.sitivities 50%, 50%, 33%, respectively. High contrast en-hancement that does not show significant differenpe was detected in all malignant lesions and benign in-fectious pleural diseases. Consequently, it has been emphasized that CT is a useful radiologic method in detertnining of pleural lesions and, their extentions and, in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant conditions.

In this study, Cornputerized Tomographic findings that are the most definitive diagnostic criteria for rnultiple sclerosis have been evaluated. Computerized tornographic findings were discussed under the light of literature. In 8 cases of 17 cases (8117) the diagnosed by means of clinical findings and history. As a result, we carne ta the conclusion that CAT findings may change in addition to the periods of the disease and the other neurological disorders. Should be alsa taken into consideration irı the dillerential diagnosis.

Nineteen cases were exarnined by computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US). Gallstones were diagnosed in all of the cases (%100) with US. 14 oul of nineteen cases. were ,diagnosed by CT (%73,6). Common bile duci stone was diagnosed in three cases with CT and in one case with US. All of the cases had obstructive jaundiced. As a result, US is more sensitive !han CT in the diagnosis of the gallbladder stones. However, CT is more effective method than US in the diagnosis of the comrnon bile duct stones.

Hepatic hydatid cyst perforation into the biliary tree may involve the small intrahepatic bile dutcs, common hepatic duct or common bile dutc. On sonogram, dilatation of intra and extrahepatic biliary tract was demonstrawd in two cases with jaıındice that is a compiication of hydatid cyst. Ultra-sonography (US) and percutaneus transhepatic cho-langiography (PTC) showed that hydatid cyst foud at porta hepatis causes to compression to the extra-hepatic biliary tract in one case. Ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) disclosed that cystic mass localized in medial segment of the left liver lobe and porta hepatis caus-es to the same finding as well as in one case. Preop-erative radiologicfindings vere confirmed surgically in 4 cases.

68-year –old male patient was being accepted from a special clinic to us with a presumed diagnosis of right upper lobe tumor .The patient has a respiratory distress,weight loss,palpitations. Mediastinal enlargement was seen in the upper right chest film. Thoracic computed tomography was noticed a mass nearly 5x7x3 size which connection with cervical area and deviated from outside the trachea,compressing right lobe anterobasal segment . Thyroid hormone tests were performed and showed hyperthyroidism .The patient took anthyroid agent only 1 month and then taken operation elective conditions .We performed operation with a general surgery cervical insision after parsial median sternotomy. Total troidectomy was performed, after the realised cervical troid upper side of neck and then tracheal , borned from intrathoracic component preserved vascular and paratroid structure.The specimen nearly 5x7x3 cm which called noduler collaidal guatr from the pathology .The patient was discharged without any problem by giving thyroid hormone.

Radiologic examinations were revieved in 68 patients with liver lesions. Fifteen patient had computed tomography (CT) examination, 68 of them also had ultrasonograpy (US) and angiography in analysis of lesions true positive findings were observed at CT, US and angiography in 87 per cent, 88 per cent and 66 per cent respectively. Angiography, mainly performed to show the vascular anatomy, localization of lesion, patency of the portal vein and not to optimize in tornor detection. Angiography was showed 42 per cent of the malign lesions. Angiograpy was effective in the diagnosis of hemangiornas (%85). It was also diagnotic to show the ekstravasation from the hepatic artery after an operation. Finally, we think- that angiography was an invasive examination method but it was also very effective in the diagnosis of the some liver lesions.

Endometriosis is a condition where the functional and morphological endometrial gland and stromal structure are found outside the uterus. It occurs most often in pelvis, peritoneum, ovaries, posterior cul-desac and uterosacral ligaments. Retrograd menstruation, metaplasia, lymphatic and hematogenous outspread, mechanical transplantations in insicional scars during the operations and some else theories are introduced for pathogenesis. Subcutaneous mass, swelling, cyclic pains associated with menstruation, tenderness are likely clinical symptom and signs. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, ultrasound, fine needle aspiration biopsy are used in diagnosis. Total excision is the considered management of the scar endometriosis. Recurrens is rarely occurs after total excision. Here we present the case of 33 years old woman who had a cyclic painful mass on her p

Florid reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of uterine cervix is a reactive inflammatory process that mainly occurs in women during their reproductive years. These lesions are histologically similar to lymphoma. Etiology of these lesions are multifactorial but in many cases the cause has not been identified. A 49-year-old female patient admitted to another center with menstrual irregularity and pelvic pain complaints. A cervical biopsy was performed in that examination and the biopsy findings were compatible with cervix carcinoma. The patient referred to our hospital and computerized tomography(CT) was performed. At CT imaging cervix was hypodense and there was an enlargement in cervical volume. There were no specific findings in patient’s endometrial curettage, endocervical curettage and vaginal smear preparations. After the current findings and complaints of the patient, total abdominal hysterectomy and bilaterally Salpingo-oophorectomy were performed. Cervix was enlarged and it was in irregular appearance in the macroscopic examination. A subserosal located myoma in 1,8 cm diameter was detected. In the histopathological examination, erosion of cervical epithelium and dense lymphoid cell infiltration was observed under the epithelium. The appearance was similar to lymphoma, but immunohistochemical staining of CD3 and CD20 staining was heterogeneous in lymphoid cells. As a result of these findings, the case was reported as lymphoma-like lesion. Florid reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of cervix uteri are reactive lesions. Careful clinical, histologic and immunphenotypic correlations are required to avoid misdiagnosis. Immunohistochemical receptor studies are the most reliable diagnosis and management method of these cases.

Elastofibroma dorsi is a rare, benign tumor, characterized by fibroblastic proliferation and accumulation of abnormal elastic fibers. It is located in the subscapular region between the scapula and the thoracic wall. Especially, the suspicion of soft tissue sarcoma may produce anxiety. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography findings are usually typical; and, positron emission tomography may also contribute to the diagnosis. Diagnosis can be made easily with typical localization and imaging findings. We present clinical and imaging findings in three cases of elastofibroma dorsi.

Aim: Sarcoidosis is a multifactorial disease with unknown aetiology and characterized by non-caseous granulomatous inflammation. The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis is defined as inflammation and autoimmune activation. Here, we aimed to evaluate plasma clusterin (CLU) and α-klotho levels in those with sarcoidosis.                                        

Patients and methods: Forty patients with sarcoidosis (mean age: 52.10±12.60 years; 12 males, 28 females) and 40 healthy volunteers (mean age: 37.40±18.20 years; 12 males, 28 females) were enrolled into the study. Blood samples were drawn from both groups, and plasma CLU and α-klotho levels were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.                                                               

Results: Patients with sarcoidosis had significantly higher plasma CLU levels (309.73±40.68 ng/mL), compared with healthy controls (117.86±102.03 ng/mL) (p=0.005). The plasma levels of α-klotho were measured as 5.34±7.30 in the sarcoidosis patients and 7.21±9.84 ng/mL in the controls. A minimal decrease was observed, but there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.338). The hemoglobin levels of sarcoidosis patients were decreased, when compared with the control group (12.93±1.02 g/dL vs 14.06±1.50 g/dL) (p=0.012).                                                                    

Conclusion: We concluded that sarcoidosis is associated with high levels of CLU. Plasma CLU may be a potential biomarker of sarcoidosis. Based on literature and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to provide insight in the determination of plasma levels of CLU and α-klotho in sarcoidosis. Further and comprehensive investigations are needed to clarify the entity.

We aimed to present a rare case with giant ovarian tumor which causes intraabdominal mass in a 14-year-old girl. On examination, there were abdominal distension and a palpable solid mass in abdomen. On abdominal ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) examination, a giant mass, which covers all intraabdominal cavity, was identified in the abdomen. Laparatomy was carried out in elective conditions after all tests had been performed. The mass originated from left ovary was excised totally via left salpingoooferectomy, following both ovaries and both tuba uterinas. The operative diagnosis of dysgerminoma was confirmed with histopathologic examination. Chemotherapy was scheduled by Hematology-Oncology Department. Dysgerminoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the girls who are admitted with the intraabdominal giant masses.

Purpose: In this study, contrubitions of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were researched in the diagnosis of benign paranasal sinüs (PNS) lesions. Materials and methods: According to the clinical findings, between January 2001 – February 2004, 30 cases have been studied who were thought to have benign lesions belonging to nasal cavity, PNS or neighboring structures. CT and MRI studies are made to the all case. Inner structure characteristics, locations and radiological apperarances coursing pathological diagnosis of lesions in CT and MRI have been assessed. Results: The histopathological diagnoses of lesions were mucocele (8), odontogenic cysts (4), fibrous dysplasia (3), inverted papilloma (2), hemangioma (2), menengioma (2), schwannoma, osteoma, osteochondroma, paget disease, ameloblastom, giant cell tumor, central giant cell granuloma. Whwn assessed according to pathological results, sensitivity of CT and MRI were found to be 86.6% and 83.3% respectively. In 3 cases showing radiological malign feature (1 giant cell tumor, 2 inverted papillomas) the correct diagnosis was made histopathologically. Canclusion: CT is an effective method to show bone expansion and destructions, tumors originated from bone and intratumoral calcifications. MRI offers better the inner structures of cystic lesions, intratumoral hemorhages and differentiation of tumor from inflammation. Therefore, CT and MRI should be used jointly in the evaluation of the PNS lesions.

Demonstrating the imaging findings of asymptomatic giant thymolipoma mimicking cardiomegaly is aimed. A paracardiac mass was detected with 32-year-old male patient afterwards demonstration of cardiomegaly on a posterior-anterior (PA) chest x-ray examination taken for a routine control. Computed tomography (CT) showed a mass, localized in the anterior mediastinum, with smooth margins, showing no significant invasion of adjacent structures, and including fat density with fibrous component. The diagnosis was reported as thymolipoma histopathologically after transthoracic biopsy. On a preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) examination, taken for detailing the limits of the lesion, the mass showed hyperintensity on both T1 and T2 weighted images, and suppression on fat saturated T2 weighted images. No invasion of adjacent structures was detected. A thymolipoma may reach a large size without symptoms due to its great pliability. It can mimic cardiomegaly on x-ray images. Adipose tissue on CT is helpful in the diagnosis. MRI gives valuable information in determining the exact boundaries of the lesion.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of contrast material-filled virtual cystoscopy in the detection of bladder tumors. Material and method: Thirty-six consecutive patients (28 male and 8 female; range age, 51-82 years; mean age ± SD, 65 ± 7 years) who had painless hematuria and suspected to have bladder neoplasm prospectively evaluated with virtual cystoscopy. After the intravenous injection of contrast medium, the contrast material-filled bladder was examined with single detector helical computed tomography (CT) scan with 2-mm slice thickness. Source CT data were transferred to a workstation for interactive navigation using surface rendering. All patients also underwent conventional cystoscopy. The results of virtual cystoscopy were compared with the findings of conventional cystoscopy. Results: Seventy-one of 78 bladder tumors detected with conventional cystoscopy in 28 patients were also shown on virtual images. Five patients had a normal appearance on both conventional cystoscopy and virtual cystoscopy. On virtual cystoscopy, seven of the 12 lesions 5 mm or smaller in diameter could be identified. We found the following statistical values for the identification of bladder lesions on virtual cystoscopy: sensitivity, 94%; specificity, 90%; positive predictive value, 87%; negative predictive value, 93%; and accuracy 93%. Conclusion: CT virtual cystoscopy is a noninvasive technique which is used successfully for detection of bladder tumors larger than 5 mm.

Novvadays, patients suffering from blunt abdominal trauma are examined by abdominal ultrasonography, routinly. Subcapsular bleeding of the spleen in these patients can be overlooked if there isn't free fluid in the abdominal cavity, ultrasonographic examination carried out in suboptimal contitions and after the trauma attention was in- tensified on the Central nervous system injury. İn 3 cases who have been examined by abdominal ult­ rasonography just after the trauma, any pathological finding was not been determined related with their spleen also examined by upper abdominal computed tomography because of their some complaints after the trauma (1 wk-1 yr) and splenic subcapsular hematomas were establised in these patients. İn patients with delayed de- velopment of splenic subcapsular hematoma following abdominal trauma can cause late rupture of the spleen, so we think that the patients suffering from blunt abdominal trauma must be examined by the control radiological methods after the trauma.

Internal carotid artery (ICA) punction is a major complication of percutaneous internal jugular venous canulation (IJVC). A 59 years old woman was scheduled to the right vena jugularis interna catheterization during the catheterization right carotid artery was punctured three time. After the last puncture suddenly left facial paralysis developed. On her examination, we realized the appearance of left hemiplegy and on the cranial CT there were subacute ischemic foci on the right fronto-parietal region. In the event of carotid artery punction during IVJC, excessive manual pressure should be avoided and the procedure should be better performed in the contrlateral side under USG guidance.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of allergy in patients with nasal polyposis. The study included 100 patients with nasal polyposis and 50 healthy individuals. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Selcuk University Meram Medical Faculty and written informed consent was obtained in all cases. Patients were divided into 3 groups. The first group consisted of patients with asthma and aspirin intolerance; second group consisted of patients with only asthma, third group consisted of patients have no disease. Polyp size by Physical examination, computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic scores, skin-prick test results, blood total eosinophil count, serum levels of total immunoglobulin E and symptom scores were analyzed in 100 patients with nasal polyposis. The results were compared between patients with nasal polyposis and healthy individuals. Prick test results were positive on 42% (n;42) of the patients and 22% (n;11) of the control group. While serum total IgE values of 45% (n;45) of NP patients were higher than the accepted value, serum eosinophil values of 27% (n;27) of the patients were higher than the accepted values. As serum total IgE values of 30% (n;15) of control group were higher than the accepted value, serum eosinophil values of 12% (n;6) of them were higher than accepted value. The values of the serum total eosinophil count and positive prick test results were higher in patients with nasal polyposis than in healty individuals.This result shows that allergy is a important factor on etiopathogenesis of nasal polyposis.

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare anomaly of lung development that presents in the neonatal period. A 13-day-old girl baby was admitted to our unit because of primary pulmonary hypoplasia. She had presented with severe dyspnea and cyanosis, where chest radiograph and chest computed tomography showed CLE and pulmonary hypoplasia. Pulmonary hypoplasia may worsen prognosis of patient. There fore, we performed a pulmonary magnetic resonance angiography in our patient. Pulmonary vasculature was normal on magnetic resonance angiography. After ward, our patient was operated. In here we would like to highlight that the use of advanced imaging techniques can identify additional pathologies which may affect prognosis after surgery.

Tumors arising from urinary bladder diverticula is a rare lesion. 76-year-old man who was presented with hematüria examined with radiologic methods. Tumoral lesions reaching into diverticula and bladder cavity were detected by ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Particularly, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are confident to determine diverticular neoplasms.

The temporal bone pneumatization is be divided into five section. These sections are as written down: The middle ear, squamomastiod (mastoid), perilabyrinthine, pertros apex and accessory. The accessory. The accessory section is divided as squamosal, zygomatic, occipital and styloid subsections. The volüme of the accessory air cell in temporal bone was measured by using the CT scans. 132 normal ears were observed in total of 66 cases. 34 of the cases were male, while 32 were female. The age average of the male was 39.50 where as it was 42,84 for the female. In our study, the pneumatic mastoid proportion of the male and female was observed as about 75-80 %. The zygomatic and squamoz air cells proportions were, especially, high in both sexes. The visibility of the proportions of the accessory air cells and their volumes were higher in the male when compared with the female however, it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Our results were compared with sources and they were found adaptive. The result obtained here in should help surgeons in the middle ear planning operations on sections including accessory air cells.

in this study, 13 cases were examined with hypoactive nodule by Scintigraphy and are cystic sonographically. Of 13 cases, 4 were examined by CT. in conclu.vion, the results were cornpanecl with hystopathologic findings. We discussed contrubition of three imaging modalities in the differantial diagnosis of these lesions.

Hypersensitivity pneumonia is an inflammatory interstitial lung disease caused by immune response due to inhalation of various organic and chemical substances. Bird fancier’s lung disease is a hypersensitivity pneumonia which develops in response to organic bird products. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is caused by many birds, especially pigeon. In the current case, the diagnosis was subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Thirty two year-old male was admitted to chest diseases outpatient clinic due to two months of effort dyspnea, dry cough, fever, sweating, fatigue and weight loss. The patient has a history of pigeon feeding. The patient was diagnosed as pigeon fancier’s lung disease by the help of the history, physical examination, pulmonary function tests, chest radiography and highresolution computed tomography findings, and he had prednisolone therapy. As a result, an early diagnosis and then early treatment after the necessary precautions are very important to avoid chronic progress of these diseases.

Isolated tubal torsion other than combination with ovarian torsion is reported in few articles in the literature. Especially in cases with normal appearing ovaries and having acute abdomen clinic as like usual torsion, this disease should be kept in mind. In this report a case of isolated tubal torsion is presented which is diagnosed preoperatively with ultrasonography and computed tomography and possible results of the delay in the treatment is discussed.

Fever of unknown origin is defined as the following a temperature greater than 38.3°C (101°F) on several occasions, more than 3 weeks’ duration of illness, and failure to reach a diagnosis despite 1 week of inpatient investigation. Evaluation of patients with FUO is complicated because there are multiple etiologic factors and new ones are adding in literature every day. A 24years old man was performed contrast enhanced CT for FUO and abdominal pain, show trombus in portal vein and superior mezenteric vein. On examination, metiltetrahidrofolate reductase gene polimorphism is detected in the etiology of trombus. The patient’s fever and abdominal pain improved after 5 day treatment of Clexane 0,8 ml. A further doppler sonography show partial regression in trombus by which time the patient’s symptoms resolved. We aimed to present clinical and radiologic imaging findings in a case of portal and superior mesenteric vein trombus associated with MTFHR-C677T gene polimorphism which is a rare cause of FUO and we didn’t meet in the literature.

Purpose: Cross sectional imaging technigues more widely available in the recent years for evaluation of pelvic and tubo-ovarian lesions. We discussed the primary contribution of these methods in the diagnosis of uterine masses in the patients with tubo-ovarian lesions. Materials and Method: IVe present 41 tubo-ovarian lesion with pathologic correlation. Transabdominal sonography, enhanced and nonenhanced CT seans were performed in ali cases. Moreover sagittal and axial T1-weighted as well as T2- vveighted, and fat-saturated unenhanced and gadolinium- enhanced MR images of the pelvic region. kVe compared our radiologic findings with histopathological results. Results: Three of 41 cases had corpus luteum eyst, 10 had eystadenoma, 7 had ovarian carcinoma, 7 had dermoid eyst, 4 had endometrioma, 3 had abcess, 2 had eyst hydatid, and 1 had ovarian fibroma on histopathological examination. Correct diagnosis was established in 33 (80%) out of 41 lesions with US, in 29 (80%) out of 36 lesions with CT scan and in 33 (83%) out of 40 lesions with MRI. Correct diagnosis was established in 33 (83.3%) out of 36 lesions with US, in 29 (77.7%) out of 36 lesions with CT scan and in 33 (86.1%) out of 36 lesions with MRI. Conclusion: Because of ability to detect invasion and in defining the extent of disease, MRI is better than sonography, and CT, and appears to be the modality of choice for evaluated of the pelvic masses. Although US pas potantial advantages and limitations, it should be preferred as the first method of searching for pelvic pathologies.

In this report, an 1,5 month infant, who has a heavy dyspnea, cyanosis, pulmonary infection, right upper lobar emphysema and mediastinal shift to left Side is explained and the diagnosis methods are discussed.

Radiography, ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) findings of hydatid cysts localized in the thorax were evaluated in 63 cases. Simple, complicated, or ruptured hydatid cysts were better visualized with CT than plain roentgenograms.

Aim

The decision to start treatment in sarcoidosis is made based on clinical and radiological findings and changes in pulmonary function test findings during follow-up, and more useful tools are needed in treatment management. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron required important tomography / computed tomography (PET/CT) contains important information about the extent of sarcoidosis. On the other hand, the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) opens as a good prognostic marker for tissue-related inflammation. This study evaluated the relationship between the 18F-FDG PET/CT findings of sarcoidosis and NLR and other clinical findings.

Material and methods

The data of the patient who was diagnosed with sarcoidosis after 18F-FDG PET/CT examination in our clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Patients' age, gender, NLR values, smoking status, extrathoracic involvement and symptoms, and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings were compared.

Results

This study consisted of 41 patients. There was a strong correlation between NLR and whole body total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and moderate correlation between  MAIA and NLR (r values: 0.852, 0.660, both of them p value: <0.001, respectively). There was a significant difference between the groups showing only thoracic involvement and additional extrathoracic involvement with MAIA, TLG and NLR values (p values,: 0.002, 0.001 and, 0.003, respectively). In the classification made according to the symptoms of the patients, there was no significant difference between the groups with SUVmax, MAIA, TLG and NLR values. Median values were found to be significantly higher in the elderly group (p values: 0.037 and 0.040, respectively). In the classification made according to gender; there was no significant difference in both PET/CT parameters and NLR values.

Conclusion

The close relationship between the NLR value, which is accepted as a prognostic indicator in sarcoidosis, and the 18F-FDG PET / CT findings which show the involvement of the disease in the whole body, may provide the clinician with significant benefits in treatment management.

We present, a case of Swyer James syndrome di-agnosed using computed tomography, characterized by unilaterale emphysema, bronchiectasis and on the same side reduced vascularity.

Purpose: Cross sectional imaging technigues more widely available in the recent years for evaluation of uterine lesions. We discussed the primary contribution of US, CT, and MRI methods in the diferential diagnosis of uterine masses. Materials and methods: We evaluated the spectrum of US, CT, and MRI findings of the 15 uterine masses. Transabdominal sonography, enhanced and nonenhanced CT seans were performed in ali cases. Moreover, sagittal and axlal T1 weighted as well as T2 weighted, and fat-saturated unenhanced and gadolinium-enhanced MR images of the pelvic region. We compared our radiologic diferential diagnosis with pathologic diagnosis. Results: Seven of 15 cases had myoma, 3 had adenomyosis, 3 had endometrial carsinoma, and 2 had servix carcinoma. Correct diferential diagnosis was established in 11 (73%) out of 15 cases with US, in 12 (80%) with CT, and in 13 (87%) with MRI. Conclusion: MRI is the imaging method best suited for evaluation of uterine lesion than other imaging technigues. Since ultrasonography allows deiiation of the uterine masses in at least two scanning planes, this method should be preferred as the first method of searehing for uterine lesions.

Multi-Slice Computed Tomography (MSCT) is a recently introduced non-invasive technique used for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Both MSCT and conventional coronary angiography (CAG) may provide direct visualization of the coronary arteries. To determine the diagnostic accuracy of 128-slice MSCT compared with the results of conventional CAG for the diagnosis of significant coronary artery stenosis. Forty-two eligible patients who underwent 128-slice MSCT with the suspicion of CAD and had any coronary lesion within the whole coronary tree were enrolled prospectively. Subsequently, CAG was performed to confirm the severity of coronary lesions. The records acquired by MSCT coronary angiography and conventional CAG were evaluated by 16-segment model of American Heart Association (AHA). Mean age of the patients was 56±12 years, and mean heart rate prior to the examination was 69±4 bpm (min-max: 54-78). Of 672 coronary segments, 669 were interpretable and evaluated in 42 patients. For all the interpretable segments, overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and the diagnostic accuracy (DA) of 128-slice MSCT to detect significant stenosis were 91%, 98.5%, 93.8%, 97.8% and 97%, respectively. These values for evaluation of proximal segments were 97.8%, 96.4%, 95.7%, 98.1% and 97.1% and, for distal segments were 87.4%, 98.8%, 92.7%, 97.7% and 97%, respectively. Our results show that, the diagnostic performance of MSCT appear almost equivalent to CAG, current gold standard, with excellent, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. We think that, 128 slice-MSCT will be increasingly utilized in future, decreasing unnecessary coronary angiography procedures.

To determine the contribution of imaging techniques for diagnosis and therapy planning of patients with parotid masses. 16 patients (10 female, 6 male; between 13-75 age; mean age 41.12±16.97 years) were evaluated retrospectively. Age, gender, clinical characteristics of patients, imaging studies which were performed preoperatively, location and characteristics of masses and invasion to the surrounding tissue, histopathologic examination of surgery specimens were evaluated in the current study. Histopathologic examinations of specimens revealed that all cases were benign. Histopathologic findings revealed no malignancy. Histopathologically, lesion was diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma in 11 patients (%68.75) and Warthin tumor in 5 patients (%31.25). The mass was located in left parotid gland in 8 (%50) patients and in right parotid gland in 8 (%50) patients. Preoperative, ultrasound (US) was performed in 7 patients; computed tomography (CT) was performed in 9 patients; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 5 patients. US should be the initial investigation of choice for patients with parotid masses because of superficial location. US is effective, inexpensive, nonradiation, non-invasive, practical and does not require sedation in diagnosis parotid masses. Deeply located tumors and malign tumors should be evaluated with CT or MRI. CT or MRI alone is sufficient for evaluation.

in this study, two cases were presented that is characterized by centrally located mass lesion of the posterior fossa with diffuse and nodular subaraknoid seeding on the CT examination. le was reviewed literature. We discıtssed characteristic CT scan appearances of medulloblasıomas.

in our study 35 lomber discal pathologic levels in 23 patients were evaluated by myelography, CT, and discüvery en operations. In 35 levels which have discal pathology, 32 cases were fyou.nd ola by myelography (91.42%) and 31 of it by CT (87.57%) When the dignostic values of mylography and CT compared, wve see that the ratios resemble each ot her. As the resıdt of our study we need ta prefer the CT; which is a non-invasive examinaiion, practical than the myelography and diagnostic value is similar ta myelography, for the patients suspected for lomber discal patology.

Time management and making a correct diagnosis are very important for survival of patients with altered state of consciousness. In our study, we aimed to determine the value of the infrascanner device, which is a non-invasive and a fast method in detection of intracranial hemorrhage. A total of 38 patients who had been admitted to the emergency department of our hospital with the complaint of altered state of consciousness were included in the study. The patients underwent investigations with regard to hemorrhage immediately after admission using the infrascanner device by trained residents of emergency medicine. 20 (52.6%) of the patients were male. The mean age was 51.8 years and the Glasgow Coma Scale was 10.6 (15-3). While hemorrhage was detected on cerebral CT in 22 (57.9%) patients, it was not detected in 16 (42.1%). In the infrascanner device examination, negative results were detected in 24 (63.2%) patients and positive results were detected in 14 (36.8%) patients. The sensitivity of the infrascanner device was found to be 63.6%, specifity was found as 100%, the positive predictive value was found as 100%, and the negative predictive value was found as 66.7%. The results obtained from the study indicate that the infrascanner device provided beneficial clinical data in addition to symptoms and neurological examination in patients who required further imaging procedures. The high specificity puts forth that patients in whom hemorrhages are detected using the infrascanner device, should definitely be evaluated with further tests.

It is generally açcepted that distance of the bulging is affected by flexion and extension motion of the lumbar spine. The degenerative changes of the lumbar disc in the L44,5 and 1.5-S1 kvels in 20 patients, 39 levels were reviewed using computed tomographic scans in order to determine the relationship between bulging and flexion-extension motion of the lumbal spine. In the flexion, vertebra-disc distance (VD) has decreased in 16 (%47) levels, in the extension, VD has decreased in 32 (%94) levels. VD has increased in 18 (%53) levels in the flexion, and in the extension VD has increased in 5 (%100) levels with herniated disc.

A case of clinically silent pheochromocytoma is presented.7lıe right adı-enal mass incidentally found by abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomog-raphy. The patient was normotansive and asympio-matic. Urinary levels of catecholamine and metabol-its vere elevated than expected normal levels. Mass was excised surgically. Palhological examination verified that ille nıass was a pheochromocytoma. The diagnosis of silent pheochromocytoma can be re-vealed by usiııg modern imaging techniques such as ulfi-asonograplıy and computed tomography.

Between Januar). 1994 to Septemher 1996. 16 patients with mediastinal mass were surgically eAp-Iored. Among them 11 of them were males and 5 were .female. Their ages ranged 35 ta 68 vears (mean 53.8). For 13 patients right anterior me-diastinotomy were pe)formed (81.25%) and left an-terior mediastinotomy were perforıned for 3 pa-tients, respectiyely. 117 one case the right anterioı-mediastinotomy procedure failed and thoracotomy required. In 14 cases of 16 (87.50 %) pathologi• di-agnosis was made hy ınediastinal exploration. Par-hologic extıminations revealed that epidermoid can-cinonıa in 3 patients, sarcoidosis in 3 patients, oat cell carcinoma in 2 patients, lenfoğna in 2 patients. tuberculosis in 2 patients. adenocarcinoma in 1 pa-tient, and chronic nonspesıfic inflamation in 1 pa-tient refflectively. The patient who required tho-racotomy was diagnosed as sarcoidosis. Opeıyuive complication and moı-tality occured,

Anterior abdominal wall hematoma is a rare pat-hological condition.It may simulate the acute surgi-cal abdomen. Ilematoma was diagnosed by utilizing ultrasonography (USG) and computerized tomogra-phy (ST) in six patients who vere thouht to have acute abdomen orland abdominal mass. Although the diagnosis was made by USG, CT had been used to investigate localization, extension and associated pathological conditions of the hematoma. In !his article,differential diagnosis of andominal wall hematomas from acute surgical abdomen in six patients by using USG and CT are presented.

The purpose of this study was ta determine the relationship between disc degeneration and facet joint asymmetry. In the normal lumbar disc and in the lumbar disc degeneration, facet joint asymmetry, laminer asymmetry, and laminofacet angle asymmetry were measured. Facet asymmetry, larninofacet angle asymmetry, and laminer asymıneiry were found to be statistically significant at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels. The relationship between the anglution of the facet joints, laminer angle and disc degeneration were not significant at the L4-L5, and L5-S1 levels. There were significant correlations at the normal L4-L5 level between facet asymmetry and laminer asymmetry, facet asymmetry and laminofaset asymmetry, laminer asymmetry and lamine-facet asymmetry. But, in the disc degeneration there were ılot significant correlation in the disc degeneration at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels.

In this study, thirty cases af laringeal carcinoma which diagnosed in our clinic between November-1994 June-1996 are compared by preoperative CT, laryngoscopy and postoperative speciemen findings. By laryngoscopy one could evaluate the status the mucosal lining and vocale cord motility. Lımitations of the cord vocale motility is attributed to deep invasion of the tumour but, the exact dimensions of the tumour could not be estimated. The conventional radiologic examination methods da not add any useful knowledge to the laryngoscopy. The com-puted tomograpic examination is useful to determine the precise anatomic localization and spread of the tumour which is very useful ta surgeon to choose the surgical treatment method. We concluded that CT is valuable di-agnostic method in evaluating the preepiglottic area, paraglottic area, subglottic area and the inferior areas of the larynx which is obstructed by the large laryngeal masses and the cartilage invasion which could not be evaluated by laryngoscopy and other conventional radiological methods. Also we concluded that there may be wrong de-cisions about the cartilage invasion due to the irreguler calcifications and microinvasions by CT examination. In the evaluation of the small mucosal lesions CT could yield false negative results and these lesions could be more accurately determined by laryngoscopy. CT evaluation of the laryngeal carcinoma patient prior to surgical in-tervantion is an additional diagnostic tool to the laryngoscopy and very useful for the determination of the best conservative surgical method.

Mediastinoscopy is a widely used technique in the diagnosis of staging of lung cancer and primary and secondary mediastinal disease. İt was reported that mediastinoscopy was greater than sensitivity of %75 and specificity of % 90. We retrospectively revievved 24 mediastinoscopy performed in our clinic betvveen January 1999 and December 2002. There were 17 men and 7 women aged from 24 to 77 (mean age 57 years ) and the duration of operation was 30- 60 minutes. Eight patients had mediastinoscopy for the staging of lung cancer and sixteen patients for diagnosis of mediastinal mass. İn 3 of 8 patients N2 and N3 disease was identified. İt was suggested that these patients were inoperable. İn six- teen patients with mediastinal disease, sarcoidosis was diagnosed in 5 patients, non small celi lung cancer in 4 patients, tuberculosis in 4 patients, lymphoma in one patient, lung fibrosis and reactive lymph nodes in two patients. There were no complications and mortality in our cases. We conclude that mediastinoscopy is highly effective and safe procedure in the diagnosis of mediastinal diseases and staging of the lung cancers.

Objective: Evaluation of pulmonary function of female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with or without pathological findings and comparision made according to high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were also included to the study. Methods: Total 51 volunteers thirty-two female RA patients and 19 control subjects ali ranged from 16 to 66 years of age were studied. AH patients and subjects first performed pulmonary function test (PFT). Chest x-ray films, HRCT of lung were obtained for both patients and Controls. Results: Patients with RA were divided into two groups: the ones who had pathologic findings on their lung according to HRCT, and the ones who had not. PFT values of both groups were compaired with Controls. FVC, FEV-f, FEF25-75% a n d F E F 75-85% values were significantly different in patients with pathologic findings as compared with the ones who had no pathologic findings (p<0.05). There were no significant difference between the patients with no pathologic findings and the Controls. Conclusion: Following the HRCT inspection of RA patients some changes of PFT were observed in RA patients with some pathological findings on their lungs. İt has been concluded that PFT should give as useful criteria as HRCT.

\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Aim: Lipoma arborescens is a rare intra-articular disease whose etiopatogenesis remains unknown.It was the aim to describe the radiological findings and to discuss the differential diagnosis. Case Report: Lipoma arborescens is a lesion characterized by the replacement of the subsynovial tissue by fat cells giving rise to a villous proliferation. It commonly affects the knee. Accurate diagnosis is important for surgical treatment. A 34-year-old patient who was suffering from a pain in his knee joint was examined by convansional radiography, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The lesion was diagnosed as lipoma arborescens especially with magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion: The characteristic MR features of lipoma arborescens which has nonspecific clinical findings allows an accurate diagnosis.

Aim:

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence, height and location of maxillary sinus septa in patients with a dentate and an edentulous maxilla using cone beam computed tomography imaging.

Patients and Methods:

This descriptive study was conducted on a retrospective evaluation of cone beam computed tomography images of 1322 maxillary sinus with 661 subjects from January 2016 to February 2018. The study consisted of 1322 maxillary sinuses: 1092 from patients with a dentate and 230 from patients with an edentulous maxilla.

Results:

The mean age of the 661 patients (373 women, 288 men) was 42.1 ± 18.2 years. A total of 468 (35.4%) septa was recorded in 1322 maxillary sinuses  with a mean height was 7.95 ± 4.03 mm. Of 468 sinus septa, the majority was located in the posterior region of the maxillary sinus. Of these, 121 (25.8%) were in the anterior, 140 (29.9%) were in the middle and 207 (44.2%) were in the posterior region.

Regarding the status of the dentition in the maxilla in relation to the distribution of sinus septa, septa were present in 387 (35.4%) dentate and in 81 (35.2%) edentulous regions.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of septa is high in all parts of the maxillary sinus. For this reason, comprehensive evaluation should be performed with an appropriate radiographic technique to prevent possible complications during sinus surgery.

Recently, evaluation of hepatic artery variations has become quite important in cases planned transarterial chemoembolization and liver transplantation. To evaluate hepatic artery anatomy can be used multiple diagnostic methods. In this article, we described multidedector computed tomography angiography findings of a rare variation of gastroduodenal artery, which is originated from left hepatic artery in a case planned transarterial chemoembolization.

Definitive diagnosis was made on 41 female patienıs diagnosed to suffer from pelvic ınassa and subjected to US. CT examination of these cases were ıncıde and the US CT findings obtained discussed lin the light of literature.

Most pancreatic injuries are minor and can be treated by external drainage. CT represents the best noninvasive diagnostic method for the detection of pancreatic injury, with sensitivity and accuracy of at least 80%. Morbidity and mortality rates for isolated pancreatic trauma are directly related to the presence of damage at the pancreatic duct. This article is based on 4 patients who have applied to our Department of General Surgery in Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital between April 2009 and December 2011. Three of the patients were men, and one of them was woman. The average age of the patients was 22 (17-28). Two of them have undergone surgery and drainage. Two patients have been treated with conservative treatment. Pancreatic fistula was seen in two patients. External drainage and conservative treatment are effective treatments for the low grade pancreatic injuries.

Organ tuberculosis is an important problem for the public health in devoloping countries. Tuberculosis can be seen on any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus. Esophageal tuberculosis is very rarely seen with 0.14% prevalance. It usually originates from mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenopathy. We report a 55-year-old woman who admitted to our hospital with complaints of dysphagia, weight loss, audinophagia and epigastric pain. The chest radiography revealed a linear opacity compatible with fibrotic tape was seen on chest x-ray. Thorax CT examination revealed milimetric calcified lymph nodes at subcarinal and the right hilar region, thickening of proximal part of esophageal wall through carinal leveland subsegmenter collapse on left lower lobe. Ulcerative lesion with dimension of 1×1 cm localized in the 19th cm of the esophagus was seen on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, suggesting esophageal carcinoma. Biopsy revealed necrotizing granulomatous ulceration which resembled tuberculosis. After antituberculous chemotherapy, the endoscopy repeated in end of the 2nd month of antituberculous therapy and the recovery of ulcer lesion was seen and the biopsy showed no signs of tuberculosis. Conclusion; esophageal tuberculosis should be kept in mind at differential diagnosis in patients who have complaints of dysphagia and loss weight and radiological signs.

n determination the ethiology of subarachnoid haemorrhage some radiological diagnostic methods are used. Su- barachnoid haemorrhage, intracranial haemotoma and intravetricular bleeding can be correctly detected by com- puted tomography (CT), but in demostration of small aneurysm or trombosed aneurysm CT can be insufficient. Angiography which is an invasive examination also effective in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms and de­ termination of surgical strategy. 98 patients (45 M, 53 F) who have been admitted the hospital because of their acute neurological findings have intracranial aneurysms which were shown by angiography. Ali of these patients have been examined by CT also before angiography. 96 of 98 patients (97.9%) had subarachnoid haemorrhage and in 98 patients there were 103 aneurysms. Only 24 of 103 (23.3%) aneurysms were shown by CT exa- mination. We think that in patients with intracranial haemorrhage which are shown by CT examination, con- ventional angiography or digital substraction angiography remains the gold standart for detailed aneurysms de- tection and also for surgical planning.

Tracheal stenosis related to prolonged intubation is a important clinical problem, currently. Its incidence has decreased with recognition of its etiology and modifications in the endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes. A tracheal stenosis related to prolonged intubation was detected by three dimension computed tomography and bronchoscopy in a 46-year-old man. Although the bronchoscopic dilatation, stenosis recurred. Therefore the tracheal sleeve resection was performed. We aimed to emphasize the diagnosis and treatment in the tracheal stenosis related to prolonged intubation.

Spinal epidural air associated with spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare condition. There was a pneumothorax in the patient had no history. Pneumothorax was demostrated chest X-ray and thorax CT. Moreover, CT showed also spinal air. This finding was discussed with literatüre

Spinal epidural air associated with spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare condition. There was a pneumothorax in the patient had no history. Pneumothorax was demostrated chest X-ray and thorax CT. Moreover, CT showed also spinal air. This finding was discussed with literatüre

Aim: Spinal arteriovenous malformation is a rare pathology located in the dura along the spinal canal. Multi-detector computed tomographic (MDCT) angiography is a recently developed imaging technique. We present findings of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and multi-detector computed tomographic angiography in 16-year-old patient with spinal arteriovenous malformations. Case report: MR images showed signal voids dilated vessels at the surface of the spinal cord at C1-2 level. Also, multi-detector computed tomographic angiography demontrated dilated varix-like vessels. The patient was diagnosed as having a spinal arteriovenous malformation. Result: Multi-detector computed tomographic angiography can be a non-invasive usefulness technique in detect the spinal arteriovenous malformatios.

In the first 4 months of 1994 we carried out, in 20 cases computed tomography (CT) after artificial pneumomediastinum (AP). In 15 cases for air in-sulation into the mediastinum was used the trans-tracheal route and in 5 cases retroxiphoid route. In this article aong them 2 cases with bronchial car-cinoma is presented because we could not reach a decision whether they were operable or not by cli-nical findings and available methods including CT. But, at the first case CT performed after AP proved clearly no tumoral invasion in the mediastinum, at the second case it showed indirect signs of the me-diastinal invasion. In both cases thoracotomy con-firmed these findings_ As a result, it can be put for-wad that in some cases with bronchial carcinoma CT combined AP may he useful to assess the pos-sibility or chirurgical intervention.

The patients included in ıhis study were seen by aııthors at University of Cumhuriyet and University of Selçuk Medicine Faculty between 1986-1988 and 1990-1991. Ali patient information was obtained from com-puterized tomographic examination and pathological provetion. The mean age at presentation was 55±11 years. There was a disiinct female predominance, with 16 (%69.5) of the 23 patients being women. The meningiom site was middle fossa in 7 (%30.4), cranial convexity in 5 (%21.7), parasagittal in 4 (%17.4), paracellar in 3 (%13), and orbital in 2 (908.6).

In this study, it was aimed to rise a notice of gastric obstruction, a rare complication of multidose activated charcoal treatment of organophosphate poisoning, because of a case. Clinical signs that thought to be an intestinal obstruction was recognized in a 65 aged male patient who was treated with multi-dose activated charcoal because of organophosphate poisoning. Some solid images could be related to activated charcoal determined by the computerized tomography. These congromelates were emptied by endoscopy since the gastric lavage was insufficient. A gastrointestinal obstruction may develope during the multi-dose activated charcoal treatment. In this case it is important to being aware of this complication and managing it in the appropirate time.

Suprascapular notch located on the superior border of the scapula and just medial to the base of the coracoid process. This notch is covered by superior transverse scapular ligament and is turned into a foramen. Suprascapular nerve passes under this ligament and suprascapular vessels passes together over it. The images of the patients undergone MDCT examination between 2008 and 2009 were used in this study. Total 88 right and left MDCT scapula images obtained from 44 individuals (22 male, 22 female) were used. Suprascapular notch was divided into 5 types from these images. These types; Type 1: with deep and large notch, Type 2: with deep and narrow notch, Type 3: with shallow and large notch, Type 4: with shallow and narrow notch, Type 5: without a notch. In our study, the most common type was with (29,54%) deep, large notch and the least common type was the group (2,27%) without a notch. In addition, the relationship between suprascapular notch and supraglenoid tubercule, superior angle and inferior angle was evaluated.

Objective: Comparison of the respiratory functions were aimed in this study in female Behcet’s patients whether with or without pathological pulmonary lesions according to high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) evalutions. Methods: 29 female patients aged between 19 to 54 (average 37.0 ± 9.5) years and as control group 20 healthy female aged 19 to 50 (40.5 ± 8.3)years were taken into the study. Patients and control group individuals were physically inspected, HRCT films were taken and pulmonary function tests (PFT) through a spirometer were determined. Patients were divided into two group according to HRCT results as HRCT (+) and HRCT (-). HRCT (+) group patients (n=11) vvere aged 28 to 54 (average 39.9 ± 8.1)years and HRCT (-) group (n=18) vvere 19 to 50 (aver­ age 35.2 ± 10.1) years. İn ali groups the determinations of FVC, FEVj, PEp25-75%’ PEF, VC, RV, FRC, DLCO and DLCO/VA values vvere performed. Analysis of the results vvere carried out by preferred variance analysis and Tukey HSD tests. Results: A statistically important difference was not observed when the PFT values vvere compared betvveen HRCT (+) and HRCT (-) patients for the obtained results and the percentage rate to expected results. When the PFT values vvere compared for both HRCT (+) and HRCT (-) patients group with the control group separately though there was no statistical difference betvveen the best values but only a statistical decrease in DLCO/VA values (p<0.01) was observed betvveen the percentage rate to espected results. Conclusion: İt may be said that though there is a pulmonary restriction in Behcet’s disease but this restriction has no relation with respiratory functions. Thus it vvill be useful to perform pulmonary function tests in both vvith or vvithout pathological findings through HRCT evaluation in order to obtain some Information about respiratory functions of Behcet’s patients. Additionally vve presume even when the results of the pulmonary functions tests are normal though some pathological changes in HRCT should be considered HRCT investigations may be useful to follovv the disease. HRCT investigations may be useful to follovv the disease.

We reviewed 170 patients with cerebrum and cerebellum infarcts. There were 91 men and 79 women. The average age was 55 years. 88 lesions were lıft-sided. and 60 lesions were right-sided. The nıajority of patients had lacunar and parietotemporale zone infarcts.

Intraocular foreign body (IOFB) caused by penetrating eye injuries may lead to various findings by depending on the location, size and nature. However, in rare cases IOFB may remain silent for years without any complaint. In this study, we present the case of IOFB causing recurrent anterior uveitis 13 years after trauma in the patient with cataract. A 31-year-old male patient admitted to Ophthalmology department with the complaint of decreased vision which have been two years and pain, redness, light sensitivity with attacks in left eye. 15 years ago, a history of left eye injury occurred with exploding an object type of ceramic or porcelain was present. On the anterior segment examination, minimal peripheral corneal nefelyon at 2 hours position, peripheral iris defect size of 2x1 mm, grade 2 cell reaction in anterior chamber and posterior subcapsular cataract were present in left eye. In computerized tomography scan was detected the hyperdense foreign body placed in the posterior pole at the size of 3x2mm within the left globe. The possibility of intraocular foreign body should be kept in mind in patients with idiopathic uveitis specially in children and young people.

Invagination is the condition whereby a segment of intestine becomes drawn into the lumen of the proximal bowel. İnvagination in adults is a rare situation and the causes are different from childhood group. A 33 years old female patient admitted to emergency service with abdominal pain , nousea and vomiting. In ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography suspected from invagination so the patient was operated urgently.In operation a masswas palpated and segmental resection was applied. Post-operative 7 th day , the patient was discharged from hospital without any complication. In pathological evaluation well-differentiated adenocarcinoma was detected in all polyps. Although invagination is a rare condition in adult patients when suspected from invagination the possibility of malign tumor should be considered. According to this , wide segmental resection is advised.

We reviewed 137 patients (91 men and 46 wo-men) with intracranial hemorrhages. We classified intracranial hemorrizage; intracerebral, subarachnoid-al. subdural and epidural hemorrhages. There was he-tnarrhage of 85 (%62) cases tn the intracerebral, 27 (%19.7) in the subarachnoidal, 14 (%10.3) in the subdural, and 11 (%8) in the epidural localizalion. The mean age of the patients was 56 in the intracerebral hemorrhages, and 34-42 in the others locali-zations.

Objective: Brain death is defined as the complete and irreversible loss of all brain functions including the brain stem. Three major findings used for the diagnosis of brain death are coma, absence of the brain stem reflexes and apnea. The diagnosis of brain death has become more important with the increasing number of patients waiting for transplantation. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of computed tomography angiography in confirming brain death.

Material & Methods: Clinical brain death was reported in total 21 patients hospitalized in critical care unit of our hospital between October 2015 and June 2018. One of these patients was excluded since he underwent magnetic resonance angiography. CTA findings of the remaining patients were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were aged between 25 and 75 years with a mean age of 45 ± 1 years. CTA evaluations were performed using a 64 detector device. 100 mL contrast agent was delivered with a double head automated pump at a rate of 3.5 – 4 cc/sec as 350-375 mg/mL. When the region of interest reached to 90-100 HU cut off value, the images were acquired at 15-20 sec intervals on the axial plan. CTA findings were interpreted using 10- point scale.

Results: Causes of death were reported as intracranial hemorrhage in eight patients, ischemic cerebrovascular events in four patients, hemorrhage after craniotomy in three patients, cardiac arrest in two patients, post-traumatic contusio cerebri in one patient, and metabolic reasons in two patients.

Contrast filling was “0” in the ACA, PCA, MCA distal, and ICA supraclinoid branches of all 20 patients. Suspected contrast filling was found in MCA proximal in eight patients and unilateral ACA proximal in two patients. Each loss of opacification in the intracranial brancges was scored as 1 point. Accordingly, all patients were scored as 10 points.

Conclusion: According to our results, CTA is an effective and sensitive method for the diagnosis of brain death which is obligated by regulations.

 

Hydatid cyst is a parasitic infestation caused by Echinococcus granülosus. In this study we present a pulmonary hydatid cyst case that has radiological and bronchoscopic view like a malign mass. A 17 year-old male patient. He has cough, sputum and hemoptysis complaints. He has 10 kg weight loss in last two mounths. Thorax computed tomography showed a consolide lesion in the the right upper lobe. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed in this case. There was an endobronchial hump lesion covered with necrotic tissue, in the right upper lobe anterior segment. The result of bronchoscopic biopsy was reported as ‘hydatid cyst’. We found a cystic lesion at the left liver lobe in abdominal ultsonography. Patient transferred for operation at thoracic surgery department. Hydatid cyst was rejected by operation. Hydatid cyst is usually located in the lower lobes of the lungs. Although cyst has classic radiologic, bronchoscopic findings, we should think hydatid cyst in different radiological and bronchoscopic findings too.

Aim: Cardiac masses are rare and categorized as non-neoplastic and neoplastic. Different imaging
methods play a vital role in the diagnosis and surgical planning of cardiac masses. Echocardiography
is the primary method of mass detection. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) are used to detect and monitor cardiac masses. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of
radiology in the detection of rare cardiac masses and treatment planning.
Patients and Methods: Admission symptoms of five patients with cardiac masses detected in our
radiology unit between 2018 and 2021, the imaging methods in which the lesions were determined, and
whether the imaging findings were consistent with their patholo gical diagnosis were evaluated.
Results: The masses of patients diagnosed with lymphoma, pleomorphic sarcoma, and hemangioma
were larger than 3 cm. The margins of the malignant masses were ill-defined, and invasion into adjacent
structures was seen. Cardiac hemangioma, pericardial cyst, and myxoma had diagnostic radiological
findings.
Conclusion: It is significant to know the imaging findings according to the pathological diagnosis of
cardiac masses in patient management and treatment planning.

Primary gastric lymphoma is a rare disease. On barium studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract, one case had marked gastric wall thickening. Primary gastric lymphoma was diagnosed by computed to-mography (CT). Computed tomography is iz noninvasive, accurate ınethod of evaluating patients with suspected gastric lymphoma clinically.

Sturge Weber Syndrome can reveal itself by cortical calcification cortical atrophy and angiomatos amlformation, as shown by compwed tomography. In this study, iwo cases having atypical localisation and without cakification vere presented.

Aim: The literature revealed that group of COVID-19 patients who experience anosmia and ageusia
symptoms is younger, is predominantly female, and experiences a milder course of the disease. This
study aimed to evaluate the relationship of the presence of anosmia and ageusia symptoms with the
severity of pneumonia and laboratory test results in hospitaliz ed patients with COVID-19.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective evaluation was made of patients who were hospitalized by
the Department of Pulmonology between October 2020-March 2021 and underwent thorax computed
tomography (CT). Thorax CT findings of the patients were scored with a severity score for each lobe and
a total score was obtained. Pneumonia was classified according to the shape, distribution and appearance
of the lesions, and laboratory test results were obtained. These findings were compared according to the
presence of anosmia and ageusia symptoms.
Results: Evaluation was made of a total of 177 patients, comprising 89(50.2%) males and 88(49.8%)
females with a mean age of 53.0±14.5 years (range, 18-89 years). The number of patients who experienced
at least one of the symptoms of anosmia and ageusia (Group 1) was 67(37.9%) and the rest (Group 2)
did not experience any of these symptoms. The Group 1 patients who experienced these symptoms was
younger (p=0.009). No difference was determined between groups regarding the total pneumonia score
and involvement patterns (p> 0.05). The groups were similar in terms of laboratory results(p> 0.05) .
Conclusion: The prevalence of anosmia and ageusia in hospitalized patients is not a small number and
is more common in the younger population. No association was seen between the presence of these
symptoms and milder pneumonia severity and laboratory results. These symptoms do not have prognostic
value for the severity of the disease in hospitalized patients.

Extrapulmonary Lymphadenitis is the most common form of tuberculosis. It is very difficult to diagnose. Often within weeks or months, manifests itself in the form of the bottle painless lymph nodes. Mediastinal tuberculosis are very rare; shows with esophageal symptoms. A 50-year-old female patient referred with abdominal pain. Her thoracoabdominal computed tomography (CT) in esophageal rupture and mediastinitis findings on the identification underwent thoracotomy mediastinal tuberculous consistent findings on the identification of this rare case is presented.

At the present study the value of computed to-mography (CT) in follow up examination after ra-diotherapy and in the diagnosis of nazopharangeal carcinoma were discussed. The effectiveness of the radiothepary is evaluated by CT scans. It has been discuseed CT results before the treatment and 8-12 weeks later in 26 cases tht have nasopharangeal carcinoma in both CT scanned clinical examination. These findings were confused that 7 cases is stage 1. 3 cases stage II, 6 cases stage III and 10 cases stage IV. After the radiotherapy, CT scans showed that 10 patients (41.6%) have complete response and 14 pa-tients (58.3 %) have partially response. It was re-ported the regression of the invasion in to the ad-junct structures. In conclusion, CT is available procedure in the diagnosis of nasopharangeal car-cinomas and to report of the effectiveness of ra-diotherapy.