Makale Arama

AIM:  In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of blood pressure regulation on sleep quality in the hypertensive subjects and determine blood pressure parameters related with poor sleep quality.

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METHOD AND MATERIALS: Our study is a cross-sectional study including 90 hypertensive subjects at age between 35 and 65 years. The patients were performed 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and divided into those with regulated blood pressure group and poor blood pressure control group. Sleep quality was checked before the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring by using Pittsburgh sleep quality test. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 13.0 packet program.

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MAIN FINDINGS: Global Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scoring were similar in both groups and when components of the sleep quality were evaluated, daytime dysfunction was significantly higher in patients with poor blood pressure control compared to patienst with regulated blood pressure (1.0±0.9 versus 1.4±1.0, p=0.05; respectively ). Global PSQI score did not show significant correlation with arterial blood pressure leveles, pulse pressure, and systolic blood pressure levels. However, night diastolic pressure levels were weakly correlated with global PSQI scoring (r=0.16, p=0.04). Only diastolic non-dipper status was found as independent predictor of poor sleep quality as a result of logistic regression analysis (Odds: 3.21 (CI: 1.51-7.72), p=0.03).

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CONCLUSION: In the present study, sleep quality was markedly impaired in hypertensive patients and diastolic non-dipper was determined as an independent predictor of poor sleep quality. It seems important to assess sleep quality in patient with diastolic non-dipper at ambulatuary blood pressure evaluation, especially for detection of poor sleep status.    

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Objective: The aim was to review the hormonal status, treatment and histopathological diagnosis of patients admitted to our endocrinology outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of adrenal incidentaloma.

Material and Methods:Between 2015-2018, 217 patients with adrenal incidentaloma who were admitted to the endocrinology outpatient clinic were included in the study. 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST), 24 hour urine free cortisol, 24-hour urine methanephrine and normetanephrine levels were evaluated in all patients.Patients who also have hypertension or hypokalemiawere screened for the plasma aldosterone/renin activity ratio. CT or MRI imaging properties of adrenal incidentalomas were screened.

Results: In the evaluation of cases; 180 (83%) of the masses were evaluated as non-functional and 37 (17%) as functional. Of the 37 patients evaluated as having functional adrenal mass; 10 (4.6%) pheochromocytoma, 5 (2.3%) Cushing's syndrome, 9 (4.1%) subclinical Cushing’s syndrome and 13 (6%) primary hyperaldesteronism were detected. In 180 patients who were evaluated as having non-functional adrenal mass; metastatic disease in 7 (3 non-small cell lung cancer, 1 breast cancer, 1 prostate carcinoma and 2 unknown primary cancer), myelolipoma in 4, ganglioneuroma in 1, hydatid cyst in 1, adrenocortical carcinoma in 2 patients were detected.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is not uncommon for adrenal incidentalomas to be functional. It may be malignant in some cases. For this reason, adrenal incidentaloma is a condition that should be examined both in terms of
functionality and malignancy potential.

Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, decreases pulmonary arterial pressure by providing vasodilation in the pulmonary vascular bed. In this study, the effect of sildenafil use was investigated for prevention of pulmonary hypertensive crisis attacks in the postoperative period in patients with congenital heart defects. In our clinic, 9 patients with pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart defects were operated in between November 2005 and May 2006. Mean age of the patients were 9.6±8.1 (3-12) months and the mean body weights were 5.5±0.9 (4-7) kg. All patients were operated following median sternotomy by using extracorporeal circulation after aortic and bicaval cannulation. Medium hypothermia with cold blood cardioplegia was used. Sildenafil treatment was started in the early postoperative period by 0.5 mg/kg/day through the nasogastric tube. The dose was gradually increased up to 2 mg/kg/day and the treatment was maintained for one week. The results of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure in the preoperative period was 52.7±7.9 mmHg. Mean intubation times of the patients were 58.4±34.0 (20-100) hours, whereas intensive care unit stay and hospitalization periods were 2-7 (mean 4.8±2.0) and 6-12 (mean 10.11±2.8) days, respectively. During the study, neither mortality, nor important hypotension caused by sildenafil, was detected. Only a pulmonary hypertensive crisis attack was detected in 1 patient. One patient had consistent heart block and permanent pacemaker was implanted. Sildenafil is an effective choice of treatment for prevention of postoperative pulmonary hypertensive crisis in patients with congenital heart defects accompanied by pulmonary hypertension.

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the important microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy develops as major complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. At the same time, it is currently the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Two of the main risk factors for diabetic nephropathy are hyperglycemia and arterial hypertension, but the genetic susceptibility in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is of great importance. Contribute to the development of diabetic nephropathy other risk factors such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, obesity, hereditary diseases, smoking, and advanced age. The progression from normal albuminuria to microalbuminuria is accepted as the initial step in diabetic nephropathy, and then distinctive proteinuria, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and end-stage renal failure develops.

Background

Hypertension (HT) is a controllable and preventable public health problem that is a risk factor for many serious diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension, which can be silent and lethal, can not be diagnosed in many people. HT constitutes a significant part of the daily practice of the primary care physician. Today, the Family Medicine is a medical discipline constitutes the first level of the health system in Turkey.

Aim

In our study, the effectiveness of family medicine practice in the diagnosis of arterial hypertension was investigated.

Material and Method

We retrospectively reviewed the data of the patients aged 18 years and older who had access to their data in our family medicine department between 2017-2018. A total of seven questions, including personal information (age, gender and education level) and disease identification information (how many years were diagnosed with hypertension, baseline symptom, where and how the diagnosis of hypertension was first established) were retrospectively reviewed from the Family Medicine Information System.

Results

A total of 286 patients, 178 female and 108 male were detected. 9% of the participants were illiterate while 94.1% were literate . 59.8% of the illiterate patients were in primary education, 10.5% in high school and 16.8% in graduate education. 7.7% of the participants were diagnosed in the family medicine polyclinic, and the remaining 92.3% were diagnosed in secondary health care facilities and other places except family medicine. According to education level, 7.7% were diagnosed in family medicine and 92.3% were diagnosed in second-level health facilities and elsewhere except family medicine.

Conclusion

In our study; patients with arterial hypertension were diagnosed more frequently in secondary health care institutions regardless of their education level. Although the rate of diagnosis of arterial hypertension was increased from 1.5% to 16.3% in primary care after starting the practice of family medicine in Konya, we believe that the role of family medicine practice on the diagnosis of arterial hypertension should be increased even more.

 

 

In this study, we evaluated the first open heart operations performed in our clinic. Between August 2005 and June 2011, a total of 550 patients (318 male, 232 female; mean age 58,35 years) underwent open heart surgery in our clinic. Preoperative mean ejection fraction was 36,8% (20 to 65). Diagnosis of patients were as follows: 397 cases had coronary aryery disease, 114 cases had valvular heart disease, 19 cases had congenital heart disease, 17 cases had aortic pathology and 3 cases had left atrial myxoma. Major comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive lung disease. Mean intensive care unit stay was 2,1 days (1-17), whereas mean hospital stay was 6,7 days (4- 23). Total complication rate was 28,54% with 157 cases. The most common postoperative complication was atrial fibrilation with 57 (10,36%) cases. Low cardiac output in 23 (4,18%) patients, wound infections in 16 (2,9%) patients, temporary neurologic disorder in 13 (2,36%) patients, renal failure in 10 (1,81%) patients and mechanical ventilation requirement in 6 (1,09%) patients were observed in hospitalization period. Reoperation was used in totally 45 (8,18%) cases due to hemorrhage (n=41) and sternal dehiscence (n=4). Total mortality rate was 5,63% with 31 cases. The most common cause of mortality was low cardiac output. This study demonstrated that open heart surgery has been performed successfully in a state hospital despite the all difficulties. We think that our mortality and morbidity rates are acceptable and similar to current literature.

Transjuguler Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPSS) is a procedure that creates a shunt between portal and hepatic venous systems via transjugulary way placing a stent to hepatic parenchyme. In the current manuscript, we describe a patient with portal hypertension to whom a succesfull TIPSS operation was done in our hospital.

It is known that development of lacunar infarcts were seen due to involvement of lentikulositrial and talamoperforan arteries in hypertension and diabetes mellitus. In this study, we aimed to compare ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient) values of basal ganglia and talamus free of lacunar infarct in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension and individuals who have not any systemic diseases. Cranial MR imagings of 52 patients with hypertension, 8 patients with diabetes mellitus and 116 patients with a symptom like headache or vertigo but without any systemic disease were analyzed for ADC values at the levels of caudat nucleus, thalamus and lentiform nucleus. Results were evaluated for statistically. Statistically important difference was found between individuals without systemic disease and patients with diabetes mellitus for ADC values of left lentiform nucleus (p< 0.05). Statistically important difference was determined between hypertensive patients and healthy individuals for ADC values of both thalamus and lentiform nucleus (p<0.05). Even there is no distinct lacunar infarct, differences in ADC values of basal ganglia and thalamus in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension may represent microscopic chronic ischemia or developing lacunar infarct.

The mean platelet volume (MPV); is a marker that gives information about platelet function, activity, and volume. Increased MPV indicates larger platelets which are more active and inclined to more adhesion and aggregation. In diabetics, increased adhesion and aggregation can lead to blockage in the microvascular system, diabetic complication, ischemia, and hypoxia. We compared MPV in patients with microalbuminuria (MA) and/or patients with/without hypertension (HT) who have type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) as an indicator of complications. Eighty patients (aged 18-65) with/ without MA and/or HT with type 2 DM and 30 healthy subjects were included into the study and divided into 4 groups as Group 1: Type 2 DM without HT and MA, Group 2: Type 2 DM with HT and without MA, Group 3: Type 2 DM without HT and with MA, Group 4: Type 2 DM with HT and MA. The MPV’s of patients in Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4 were higher than controls (p=0.005,p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively), but not higher than Group 1. The mean MPV values in diabetic patients were significantly higher than the controls (p<0.001). Although higher MPV levels were found in diabetic patients compared to control, MPV levels are not useful in monitoring and predicting complications in type 2 DM patients.

Aim: To determine the primary success rate and follow up results of renal artery stenting or balloon angioplasty in controlling renovascular hypertension and renal failure in patients with renal artery stenosis. Method: Before balloon angioplasty and stenting; renal angiography and Doppler ultrasonography findings were evaluated and also findings of MRA were estimated if present.The clinical estimation of the cases were made upon to renal functions, hypertension values and the changes of the number of medicines used. Results: Balloon expandable stents were placed in 32 renal arteries of 37 patients. Balloon angioplasty were used in 7 renal arteries of 37 patients (22 men, 15 women; mean age 50.24). There were hypertension in all of the patients. In 12 patients; there were disturbed renal functions. In order to determine the activity of the cure of the disease, the patients are followed by measuring blood pressures and serum creatinin levels before and after the stenting and balloon angioplasty. Stenosis rate was 30-100% (mean 74.15%).The lesions were ostial in 15 patients, truncal in 24 patients. Mean follow up time was 21.2 months (3-84 months). Hypertension was cured in 9 (24.33%) patients, improved in 19 (51.35%).patients In 9 (24.33%) patients there was no respond. In 12 patients with disturbed renal function, 8 (22.22%) patients showed improvement, 4 (11.10%) patients showed deterioration and 4 (11.10%) patients were stable. Conclusion: Revascularization of renal artery stenosis with stenting and balloon angioplasty is a simple, efficient and safe procedure. In patients with uncontrolled hypertension and progressive renal failure; revascularization of renal ar tery stenosis with stenting and baloon angioplasty pointed out impor tant clinical benefit.

It was reported that there is relationship between high brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we investigated effect of NIV to the BNP and troponin. Fifty eight cases with COPD were enrolled to this study. The patients were divided into two groups as cases receiving NIV (n:41) and cases not receiving NIV (n:17). In both groups pretreatment and posttreatment pro BNP and troponin levels were measured. Initially, in NIV group both pro-BNP (2013.95 pg/ml) and troponin (0.17 ng/ml) levels were significantly higher than those of control group (328.9 pg/ml and 0.02 ng/ml, respectively) (p0.05). In conclusion, in severe COPD acute exacerbations that develop respiratory failure, both pro-BNP and troponin levels increase significantly. This increase suggests that in COPD exacerbations, depending on severity of exacerbation right ventricle load and pulmonary hypertension may be more prominent and myocardial injury may accompany this. In COPD exacerbations, NIV treatment could safely decrease the increased pro-BNP levels without increasing the myocardial injury.

In this study, effects of angiotensin blockers (ARB) and diuretics combinations on central hemodynamics and arteriyel stiffness parameters were analyzed. In this retrospective study, hemodynamical parameters of patients using ARB, ARB + diuretics and healthy controls were analyzed for 24 hours with Mobil-O-Graph Arteriograph (I.E.M. GmbH, Stolberg, Germany). 44 patients on ARB, 81 cases on ARB + diuretics and 30 healthy control subjects without any hypertension or chronic illness were included. Mean age of patients on ARB, ARB+ diuretics and control group were 51.2±15.8, 56.3±13.8, 53.4±15.9 respectively. 24 hour mean pulse pressure was correlated with 24 hour central systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r=0.646, p=0.02), and 24 hour reflection size (r=0.498, p=0.022). 24 hour central SBP was correlated with 24 hour Aix@75(r=0.590, p=0.005), cardiac output (r=0.630, p=0.005), peripheral resistance (r=0.451, p=0.030). 24 hour central diastolic BP (DBP) was correlated with 24 hour Aix@75 (r=0.445, p=0.040), cardiac output (r=0.798, p

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) with an incidence of 1-2/million per-year. IPAH is a term used to define a variety of progressive conditions that have in common, increased pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right heart failure and death. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is presented with cyanosis, polyctemia and right heart failure. Increased prevelance of mortality is due to progression and late diagnosis of the disease. We present this case to alert physicians to keep in mind rare but serious disease IPAH in the differential diagnosis of polyctemia.

The aim of this study is to report our surgical results in ventricular septal defects. Between 2001 and 2009, 92 patients with ventricular septal defect underwent surgical correction in our center were included in this study. Additional cardiac defects were pulmonary hypertension in 27 (29.3 %) patients, patent ductus arteriozus in 10 (10.8 %) patients, Down Syndrom in 7 (7.6 %) patients, and aortic regurtation 5 (5.4 %) patients. Defects were closed with Dacron patch using separately sutures. Early mortality was developed in 5 (5.4 %) patients. 65 patients were followed for 6.1 years. Residual VSD was detected in 3 patients and one of them underwent secondary operation. There was no complet atrioventriculary block. 1˚- 2˚ degree aortic and tricuspit regurtation were not operated and included in our follow up programme. We hope to perform surgery for ventricular septal defect with low mortality and morbidity as a new Middle Anatolian center.

The current study aimed to determine the in our country patients diagnosed peripheral arterial disease (PAD), the relationship with the atherosclerotic risk factors. A better understanding of the risk factors will make it possible to take precautions against the modifiable risk factors, and will facilitate the early diagnosis and implementation of effective therapy. The patients who had been diagnosed with PAD either clinically or by using ultrasonography underwent peripheral angiography for the arteries of the lower extremities. The patients were evaluated in terms of age, gender, and atherosclerotic risk factors. Of the 408 patients, 78.4% were males, and the mean age was 61.5±9.5 years. The patients had the following risk factors: hypertension (HT), 58.3%; diabetes mellitus (DM), 26.7%; a family history of CAD (Coronary artery disease), 15.9%; smokers, 48.2%; hypercholesterolemia, 49.7%. The extent of PAD observed during peripheral lower extremity angiography was associated with atherosclerotic risk factors. Particular attention should be focused on the co-morbidities of PAD. Non-invasive, as well as invasive tests, should be performed when indicated to decrease morbidity and mortality in patients at risk for PAD.

Inguinal hernia operations are frequently performed at general surgery clinics. These procedures can be performed not only under general anesthesia but also with methods like spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, and local anesthesia. Inguinal reparations can be successfully performed with local anesthesia especially on older patients, those with comorbidity and significant risk of anesthesia. An ample amount of studies in literature underline the fact that the results of hernia reparations performed under local anesthesia are no different than the results of hernia reparations done under general anesthesia. This report discusses the case of an 87-yearold male patient with comordid diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, and chronic kidney failure as well as irreducible inguinal hernia who had to undergo emergency hernia reparation under local anesthesia. Although inguinal hernia reparation under local anesthesia has been comprehensively evaluated in literature, there is very limited information on the reparation of incarcerated inguinal hernias under local anesthesia. Consequently, we think that it is possible to use local anesthesia successfully to surgically treat incarcerated hernias with low risk of strangulation especially on senior and comorbid patients. However, we also believe that it would be of utmost significance to conduct a comparative study between emergency hernia operations performed under local anesthesia and general anesthesia in order to be able to recommend a safer solution on the subject.